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张,青,卿(Zhang Qing qing) 한국동양철학회 2016 동양철학 Vol.0 No.45
儒家思想在韩国社会中产生了深远的影响, 现当今很多韩国人的传统观念其实都来源于儒家思想。然而, 韩国自经历了1997年的金融危机以后, 儒家思想在韩国受到了猛烈的抨击。但是短短几年之后的2002年, 以《商道》、《儒林别曲》等以儒家思想为主导思想的新书问世, 代表着儒家思想又出现了复兴的潮流。本论文的出发点是探寻这种反复现象发生的原因。本文认为在经济危机发生之后的这几年的时间里, 韩国社会发生了巨大的变化, 即:经济危机带来的新自由主义的市场竞争引起了共同体秩序的混乱, 而社会伦理道德观念也在这一混乱中发生了巨大的变化,这甚至招致了韩国社会的道德空白期。另外, 随着十多年的韩国政治的民主化过程, 韩国社会的秩序也逐渐从权威主义转变为民主主义。 本文认为韩国儒家思想的衰亡和复兴都与韩国社会的发展和变化有着密切的关系。儒家思想本身并没有停留在其古代的社会环境下, 而是随着社会的发展不断地适应于韩国社会, 从而在韩国现代社会上扮演了他自己的新角色。本文认为儒家在韩国社会上有两个功能:第一, 它是权威主义的代表。第二, 它是社会道德价值观的源泉。在韩国社会秩序的变化与儒家的功能互动的过程中, 儒家思想的衰亡和复兴都与这两个功能有着密切的关系。从总体上来看表现为两种倾向-儒家权威主义功能的衰落和道德源泉方面的复兴。本论文从学术界、宗教界、文化界这三个方面来探讨1990年代以后韩国儒家思想的这种新潮流的表现。 Confucianism has deeply influenced the Korean society in many aspects and even nowadays, many traditional thoughts are evolved from it. However, after the financial crisis in 1998, Confucianism was criticized and attacked badly in Korea and was blamed as the chief criminal for the crisis. This trend did not last long until only a few years later, books such as Business Philosophy, Confucian Verse got published, which represented the revival trend of Confucianism. This thesis aims to seek the reasons for such phenomenon. The writer thinks that in the years after the financial crisis in 1998, great changes have taken place in Korean society. The new liberalism in the free market competition flew in and caused a chaos of the social order, as well as the blankness in the whole country’s ethical ideology. Meanwhile, Korea’s political system transformed from authoritarianism to democracy. The thesis believes that both the fall and the revival of Confucianism has close relationship with the development of Korean society. Confucianism did not remain in the certain historical period or social environment unchanged. Instead, it adjusted itself to the social development and played a new role in the new changing environment. Confucianism has two roles in the country: one acting the representative of authoritarianism and another the origin of the social ethical ideology. During the interaction between the society’s development and Confucianism’s function, the fall and revival of Confucianism both have a lot to do with the two roles mentioned above. And this thesis is going to discuss these two performances from two aspects: the decline of confucianism’s authority and the revival of its ethical ideology. At last, such performance will be discussed in academic, religion and literature sphere separately.
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