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        Investigation of the concentration characteristic of RCS during the boration process using a coupled model

        Chi Xiangyu,Li Shengjie,Gu Mingzhou,Li Yaru,Zhu Xixi,Wang Naihua 한국원자력학회 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.8

        The fluid retention effect of the Volume Control Tank (VCT) leads to a long time delay in Reactor Coolant System (RCS) concentration during the boration process. A coupled model combining a lumpedparameter sub-model and a computational fluid dynamics sub-model is currently used to investigate the concentration dynamic characteristic of RCS during the boration process. This model is validated by comparison with experimental data, and the predicted results show excellent agreement with experimental data. We provide detailed fields in VCT and concentration variations of RCS to study the interaction between mixing in VCT and the transient responses of RCS. Moreover, the impacts of the inlet flow rate, inlet nozzle diameter, original concentration, and replenishing temperature of VCT on the RCS concentration characteristic are studied. The inlet flow rate and nozzle diameter of VCT remarkably affect the RCS concentration characteristic. Too-large or too-small inlet flow rates and nozzle diameters will lead to unacceptable long delays. In this work, the optimal inlet flow rate and nozzle diameter of VCT are 5 m3 /h and 58.8 mm, respectively. Besides, the impacts of the original concentration and replenishing temperature of VCT are negligible under normal operating conditions.

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        Genome-wide identification of wheat ABC gene family and expression in response to fungal stress treatment

        Wang Guanghao,Gu Jianhua,Long Deyu,Zhang Xiangyu,Zhao Chenxu,Zhang Hong,Chen Chunhuan,Ji Wanquan 한국식물생명공학회 2024 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.18 No.3

        The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family is one of the largest protein families in plants and plays an essential role in addressing biotic and abiotic stresses. Wheat, a vital global grain crop, faces multifaceted safety challenges, primar- ily from fungal diseases like stripe rust and powdery mildew. In the present study, we identified the whole genome of the wheat ABC family, and 463 nonredundant ABC genes were identified. The ABC family can be divided into nine evolutionary branches and eight subfamilies based on phylogenetic tree analysis. This paper delved deeper into characterizing the gene structure, promoter region, and gene expression within the TaABC family. Segmental duplication was the main reason for the expansion of the TaABC genes. Ka/Ks analysis suggested that most TaABC genes were intensely purified and selected. The collinear analysis of TaABC and other species showed that the ABC genes were conserved in evolution. RNA-seq data and qPCR data from wheat infected with powdery mildew or stripe rust showed that most TaABC genes were induced to change expression. The candidate genes TaABCB15-3B and TaABCG38 exhibited responsiveness to powdery mildew in resistant/susceptible wheat, while remaining unresponsive to stripe rust. Our findings serve as a valuable reference for gaining a deeper understanding of the function and evolution of TaABCs, aiding in the identification of enduring disease resistance genes within the TaABCs of wheat.

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        The Possible Mechanisms Involved in Citrinin Elimination by Cryptococcus podzolicus Y3 and the Effects of Extrinsic Factors on the Degradation of Citrinin

        ( Xiaoyun Zhang ),( Zhen Lin ),( Maurice Tibiru Apaliya ),( Xiangyu Gu ),( Xiangfeng Zheng ),( Lina Zhao ),( Mandour Haydar Abdelhai ),( Hongyin Zhang ),( Weicheng Hu ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2017 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.27 No.12

        Citrinin (CIT) is a toxic secondary metabolite produced by fungi belonging to the Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Monascus spp. This toxin has been detected in many agricultural products. In this study, a strain Y3 with the ability to eliminate CIT was screened and identified as Cryptococcus podzolicus, based on the sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region. Neither uptake of CIT by cells nor adsorption by cell wall was involved in CIT elimination by Cryptococcus podzolicus Y3. The extracellular metabolites of Cryptococcus podzolicus Y3 stimulated by CIT or not showed no degradation for CIT. It indicated that CIT elimination was attributed to the degradation of intracellular enzyme(s). The degradation of CIT by C. podzolicus Y3 was dependent on the type of media, yeast concentration, temperature, pH, and initial concentration of CIT. Most of the CIT was degraded by C. podzolicus Y3 in NYDB medium at 42 h but not in PDB medium. The degradation rate of CIT was the highest (94%) when the concentration of C. podzolicus Y3 was 1 × 10<sup>8</sup> cells/ml. The quantity of CIT degradation was highest at 28°C, and there was no degradation observed at 35°C. The study also showed that acidic condition (pH 4.0) was the most favorable for CIT degradation by C. podzolicus Y3. The degradation rate of CIT increased to 98% as the concentration of CIT was increased to 20 μg/ml. The toxicity of CIT degradation product(s) toward HEK293 was much lower than that of CIT.

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