Bilateral Acute Anterior Uveitis and Optic Disc Edema Following a Snake Bite

Praveen K Kumar,Shashi Ahuja,Praveen S Kumar 대한안과학회 2014 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.28 No.2

The authors wish to report a case of bilateral acute anterior uveitis and optic disc edema following ahemotoxic snake bite, in order to highlight the concomitant occurrence of these conditions and the potentialadverse effects of anti-snake venom (ASV). A 35-year-old male was bitten by a viper at seventeen thirtyhours, and was started on ASV. Two days following treatment he experienced sudden onset redness andpainful diminution of vision in both eyes (OU). On examination, the patient’s visual acuity (VA) in OU was 20/ 200. Examination revealed fresh keratic precipitates, cells, and flare in the anterior chamber (AC), posteriorsynechiae, sluggish and ill-sustained pupillary reaction, and hyperemic, edematous disc with blurredmargins in OU. He was started on topical steroids, cycloplegics and intravenous methylprednisolone. Following treatment, the patient showed improvement and was continued on topical medications and oralprednisolone tapered over 3 weeks, after which VA OU improved, the AC showed no cells and flare anddisc edema resolved. Uveitis and optic disc edema in snake bite can either be due to the direct toxic effectsof the venom or the effect of ASV. Steroids have a beneficial role in the management of these symptoms.

Ocular Manifestations of Venomous Snake Bite over a One-year Period in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Praveen Kumar K V,Praveen Kumar S,Nirupama Kasturi,Shashi Ahuja 대한안과학회 2015 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.29 No.4

Purpose: Ocular manifestations in snake-bite injuries are quite rare. However, the unusual presentations, diagnosis and their management can pose challenges when they present to the ophthalmologist. Early detection of these treatable conditions can prevent visual loss in these patients who are systemically unstable and are unaware of their ocular condition. To address this, a study was conducted with the aim of identifying the various ocular manifestations of snake bite in a tertiary care center. Methods: This is a one-year institute-based prospective study report of 12 snake bite victims admitted to a tertiary hospital with ocular manifestations between June 2013 to June 2014, which provides data about the demographic characteristics, clinical profiles, ocular manifestations, and their outcomes. Results: Twelve cases of snake bite with ocular manifestations were included of which six were viper bites, three were cobra bites and three were unknown bites. Six patients presented with bilateral acute angle closure glaucoma (50%), two patients had anterior uveitis (16.6%) of which one patient had concomitant optic neuritis. One patient had exudative retinal detachment (8.3%), one patient had thrombocytopenia with subconjunctival hemorrhage (8.3%) and two patients had external ophthalmoplegia (16.6%). Conclusions: Bilateral angle closure glaucoma was the most common ocular manifestation followed by anterior uveitis and external ophthalmoplegia. Snake bite can result in significant ocular morbidity in a majority of patients but spontaneous recovery with anti-snake venom, steroids and conservative management results in good visual prognosis.

Immobilization of Aspergillus oryzae with κ-Carrageenan for Soybean Oligosaccharide Hydrolysis

S. K. Praveen Kumar,V. H. Mulimani 한국식품과학회 2011 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.20 No.6

The immobilized Aspergillus oryzae spores in κ-carrageenan were used for production of α-galactosidase. The immobilized cells could be used up to 5 repeated cycles for enzyme production. They were employed for raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFO) hydrolysis in batch, repeated batch, and continuous operations after 5days of fermentation. In batch mode, 65, 73, and 80% of RFOs were hydrolyzed after 3, 6, and 12 h, respectively; in repeated batch; 70, 63, 52, and 45% were hydrolyzed in 1,2, 3, and 4 repeated cycles. In the fluidized bed reactor, 65,58, 53, 48, and 44% RFOs were hydrolyzed at flow rates of 25, 50, 75, 100, and 125 mL/h respectively. The κ-carrageenan beads maintain good mechanical strength up to 4 repeated uses for RFO hydrolysis in soymilk, and their use in the hydrolysis of RFOs of soybean is a promising solution to overcome flatulence and to increase consumption of soy products.

Surface characterization of 2-hydroxypyrimidine sulphate by inverse gas chromatography

B. Praveen Kumar,K. S. Reddy,T. Madhusudana Reddy 한국약제학회 2014 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.44 No.1

The net retention volumes, VN, of n-alkanes andpolar probes on 2-hydroxypyrimidine sulphate (2-HPS)drug surface are determined at 323.15, 328.15 and333.15 K using inverse gas chromatography. The dispersivesurface free energy, cdSof 2-HPS are evaluated byapplying Schultz method as well as Dorris–Gray methodand found that cdSvalues are higher by 8 per cent in thelatter method. The cdSvalues are decreasing in both themethods with increase of temperature. The specific componentof the free energy of adsorption, DGSa, for polarprobes are obtained by three methods proposed by Schultzet al., Saint Flour–Papirer and Sawyer–Brookman. TheLewis acid–base parameters, Ka and Kb, are calculatedusing DGSavalues. The surface character value, S = (Kb/Ka) according to the Schultz et al., is found to be 3.9whereas the S value in the other two methods are found tobe 6.2 and 5.6. The results demonstrate that the 2-HPSpowder surface contain relatively more basic sites and caninteract strongly in the acidic media.

An Integrated Training Aid System using Personalized Exercise Prescription

Jang S. J.,Park S. R.,Jang Y. G.,Oh Y. K.,Kwak H. M.,Diwakar Praveen Kumar,Park S. H.,Yoon Y. R. The Korean Society of Medical and Biological Engin 2005 의공학회지 Vol.26 No.5

Continuously motivating people to exercise regularly is more important than finding a way out of barriers such as lack of time, cost of equipment, lack of nearby facilities, and poor weather. Our proposed system presents practicable methods of motivation through a diverse exercise aid system. The Health Improvement and Management System (all-in-one system which saves space and maintenance costs) measures and evaluates a diverse body shape analysis and physical fitness test and directs users to automated personalized exercise prescription which is prescribed by the expert system of three types of exercise templates: aerobics, anaerobics, and leisure sports. Automated personalized exercise prescriptions are built into XML based documents because the data needs to be in the form of flexible, expansible, and convertible structures in order to process various exercise templates, BIOFIT, a digital exercise trainer, monitors and provides feedback on the physiological parameters while users are working out in the gymnasium. If these parameters do not range within the prescribed target zone, the device will alarm users to control the exercise and make the exercise trainer adjust systemically the proper exercise level. Numeric health information such as the report of the physical fitness test and the exercise prescription makes people stay interested in exercising. In addition, this service can be delivered through the Internet.

Evaluation of Strong Microwave Absorption Property of PVB-PEDOT:PSS-Ti3C2Tx MXene Nanocomposite With Materials Data-Driven Discovery

M. Praveen Kumar,Sarika Raga,S. Chetana,K. Avinash,Arjun Dey,Dinesh Rangappa 한국전기전자재료학회 2023 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.24 No.3

2D nanomaterial, especially 2D metal carbides or MXene loaded polymer nanocomposite is highly valued electromagnetic material. In this work, Ti3C2TX MXene loaded polyvinyl butyral (PVB)-Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)-Ti3C2TX MXene nanocomposite is explored for microwave absorption in the frequency range of X-Band and Ku-Band (8.2–18 GHz). The reflection loss (RL) of the optimized PEDOT:PSS content PVB-PEDOT:PSS was found to improve significantly in presence of the Ti3C2TX MXene viz., 5%, 10%, 20% and 40%. Ti3C2TX MXene loaded solution processed PVB-PEDOT:PSS-Ti3C2TX MXene indicates RL is strongly effected by Ti3C2TX MXene loading. To optimize Ti3C2TX MXene content in PVB-PEDOT:PSS-Ti3C2TX MXene nanocomposite for best RL with minimum thickness, the materials data-driven discovery was used for which experimental data sets were used as input parameters. Through the materials data-driven discovery, the minimum RL value -63 dB was predicted at 2.6 mm for 18 wt% Ti3C2TX MXene loaded PVB-PEDOT:PSS-Ti3C2TX MXene nanocomposite which was not examine before. The predicted RL data for the optimized PVB-PEDOT:PSS-Ti3C2TX MXene nanocomposite (18 wt% MXene content) was compared with the experimental data.

α-Galactosidase from Bacillus megaterium VHM1 and Its Application in Removal of Flatulence-Causing Factors from Soymilk

( Patil Aravind Goud G. ),( Praveen Kumar S. K. ),( Veerappa H. Mulimani ),( Yaligara Veeranagouda ),( Kyoung Lee ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2010 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.20 No.11

A bacterial strain capable of producing extracellular α- galactosidase was isolated from a sample of sugarcane industrial waste. Microbiological, physiological, and biochemical studies revealed that the isolate belonged to Bacillus sp. Furthermore, based on a 16S rDNA sequence analysis, the new isolate was identified as Bacillus megaterium VHM1. The production of α-galactosidase was optimized based on various physical culture conditions. Guar gum and yeast extract acted as the best carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. The optimum pH was 7.5 and the enzyme remained stable over a pH range of 5-9. The enzyme was optimally active at 55oC and thermostable with a half-life of 120 min, yet lost 90% of its residual activity within 120 min at 60oC. One mM concentrations of Ag2, Cu2, and Hg2+ strongly inhibited the α-galactosidase, whereas the metal ions Fe2, Mn2+, and Mg2+ had no effect on the α-galactosidase activity, and Zn2+, Ni2+, and Ca2+ reduced the enzyme activity slightly. When treated with the B. megaterium VHM1 enzyme, the flatulence-causing sugars in soymilk were completely hydrolyzed within 1.5 h.