A Regression Equation for the Estimation of Maximum Oxygen Uptake in Indian Male University Students

( Pinaki Chatterjee ),( Alok K. Banerjee ),( Parimal Debnath ),( Paulomi Das ),( Pratima Chatterjee ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2008 International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences Vol.20 No.1

The purpose of the study was to validate the applicability of 20-meter multi stage shuttle run test in Indian male university students. 31 Indian male university students (age range 20.42 ~ 24.92 years) from three different universities of West Bengal, India were recruited for the study. Direct estimation of cardiorespiratory endurance (VO2max) comprised treadmill exercise followed by expired gas analysis by scholander micro-gas analyzer whereas VO2max was indirectly predicted by the 20-meter multistage shuttle run test. The difference between the mean (standard deviation) VO2max values of direct measurement (VO2max = 39.60+/-1.86 ml/kg/min) and 20-meter multi stage shuttle run test (SPVO2max = 39.20+/-2.28 ml/kg/min) was statistically insignificant (p = 0.1, confidence level p ≤0.05). Limits of agreement analysis also suggest that the 20-m multistage shuttle run test can be applied for use with the studied population. The results suggest that the application of the present form of 20-meter multistage shuttle run test be justified in the studied population. For better prediction of VO2max a new equation has been developed based on present data for male university students of India.

Oxygen Consumption, Heart Rate and Blood Lactate Response during Sparring on Indian Women Boxers

( Pinaki Chatterjee ),( A. K. Banerjee ),( P. Majumdar ),( Pratima Chatterjee ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2005 International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences Vol.17 No.2

Women boxing is a newly recognized game and till date no work has been reported on physiological demand of the sport. Hence, the present study was carried out as a pioneer attempt to assess the physiological demand of the game. The study was conducted on 20 female boxers (aged 17 ~ 24 years) attending the Senior National Women Boxing Camp. Heart rate and oxygen consumption was measured first in the laboratory during a graded treadmill exercise with a continuous gas analysis by Oxycon Champion. During sparring heart rate was continuously recorded using heart rate monitor. To calculate the oxygen consumption, HR-VO2 regression equation was used. For estimating whole blood lactate capillary blood samples were drawn from a fingertip between 2 min (minute) and 3 min after the cessation of the activity. The samples were analyzed in a calibrated automatic lactate analyzer for estimating whole blood lactate. Data were subjected to statistical treatment like mean and standard deviation. One-way ANOVA followed by post-hoc Bonferroni test was used to assess the difference in between the rounds. Results revealed that average heart-rate response and oxygen consumption considering the total duration of boxing sparring were 179 ± 8 beats/min and 2.53 ± 0.32 l/min (43.97 ± 6.93 ml/kg/min) respectively. Lactate level at the end of the final round reached at a value of 10.1 ± 2.1 mmol/l. In oxygen consumption and heart rate response there was significant difference (p<.05) in between round 1 and 2 and round 1 and 3, but no significant difference was observed in between round 2 and 3. It was concluded that Women boxing was highly intensive activity involving the contribution of anaerobic and aerobic sources of energy release, high demand of glycolytic anaerobic metabolism.

Changes in Physiological Profile of Indian Women Boxers During a Six Week Training Camp

( Pinaki Chatterjee ),( A. K. Banerjee ),( P. Majumdar ),( Pratima Chatterjee ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2006 International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences Vol.18 No.2

Women`s boxing is a newly recognized game. The purpose of the present study was to frame out the physiological profile of Indian women boxers. The present study is based on a sample of 45 female boxers attending a Senior National Women`s Boxing Camp, at sports Authority of India, Southern Center, Bangalore. Each subject was evaluated for selected physiological variables at the beginning and end of the 6 week training camp. Standard techniques and procedures were followed for all the evaluations. Data were subjected to statistical treatment such as mean and standard deviation. Test of significance t-test (for paired samples) was applied to assess the difference in pre- and post-test. Results reveal that mean (± Standard Deviation) Basal heart rate, VO2max, O2 debt and maximum ventilation of the boxers, as found in the pre-test were 70 ± 7 beats/min, 48.6 ± 6.8 ml/kg/min, 4.33 ± 0.73 liter, 93.8 ± 11.1liter/min respectively. Training camp had the positive effect of improving VO2max (P<0.01). No significant change was observed in O2 debt, and maximum heart rate. A norm of desired level for physiological status of the women boxers may be formulated after sufficient data of their international counterparts are available. However, further improvement of certain parameters is required to withstand the physiological demands of the game.

Validity of the 20-m Multi Stage Shuttle Run Test for the Prediction of VO2max in Junior Taekwondo Players of India

( Pinaki Chatterjee ),( A. K. Banerjee ),( P. Majumdar ),( Pratima Chatterjee ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2006 International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences Vol.18 No.1

Indian scientists have not yet used the 20-m multi stage shuttle run test (20-m MST) and validity of the test has not been studied for use with any of the Indian population. The purpose of the study was to validate the applicability of the 20-m multi stage shuttle run test (20-m MST) in junior Taekwondo players of India. Thirty-three Junior Taekwondo players (age range 15 ~ 17 yr.) were recruited for the study. For validity of the results, repeatability was used. Direct measurement of VO2 max comprised treadmill exercise with continuous gas analysis by Oxycon Champion, whereas VO2 max was indirectly predicted by 20-m MST. The difference between the mean VO2 max (± SD) values of direct measurement (VO2 max = 44.82 ± 7.78 ml/kg/min) and the 20-m multi stage shuttle run test (SPVO2 max = 44.49 ± 7.59 ml/kg/min) was statistically significant (p<0.05), although limits of agreement analysis reveal that 20-m MST may be used confidently in place of direct measurement. To produce a better estimation of maximum oxygen uptake, a new equation has been developed based on present data.

Impact of Air Pollutants on Physical Fitness Components of Trained and Untrained Boys of West Bengal, India

( Paulomi Das ),( Parimal Debnath ),( Pratima Chatterjee ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2007 International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences Vol.19 No.2

The present study was carried out with the objective to examine whether environmental air pollutants have any effect on selected physical fitness components of trained and untrained boys, age ranging between 14 and 16 years, of West Bengal, India. The parameters included maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max), agility, leg muscle power and handgrip strength. The sample consisted of 60 footballers (trained boys) (30 from Kolkata and 30 from Sonarpur) and 70 untrained boys (35 from Kolkata and 35 from Sonarpur) of West Bengal. Ambient air quality of the two zones was monitored. Air pollutants` levels were higher in Kolkata than Sonarpur. Standard techniques and procedures were followed for all the physical fitness tests. Results were expressed as mean ± standard deviations. Independent samples T test and general linear model (GLM) univariate procedure were conducted to compare the groups. Results of the study revealed that there was no significant difference in physical parameters of the groups between the zones. But VO2max, agility, leg muscle power, and handgrip strength of footballers (trained boys) in Sonarpur (VO2max = 53.82±4.40ml/kg/min, Agility=9.69±0.16 sec, Leg muscle power=37.37±5.61 cm, Handgrip=33.87±6.15 kg) were significantly higher than Kolkata (VO2max=51.07±5.83ml/kg/min, Agility= 9.95±0.54 sec, Leg muscle power=32.54±5.36 cm, Hand grip=24.15±5.68 kg) (p<0.05, p<0.05, p<0.05, p<0.01 respectively). In the case of the untrained boys, VO2max, agility, leg muscle power, handgrip strength were also significantly higher in the Sonarpur (VO2max =45.23.±4.72 ml/kg/min, Agility=10.01±0.50 sec, Leg muscle power=38.06±5.47 cm, Handgrip=36.97±6.32 kg) region than Kolkata (VO2max = 42.83 ± 4.79 ml/kg/min, Agility= 10.47±0.79 sec, Leg muscle power=32.56±6.4 cm, Handgrip=26.80±6.97 kg) (p<0.05, p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.01 respectively). Training had no impact on changing the physical fitness components of footballers between the two zones. It was concluded that environmental air pollutants had adverse effects on physical fitness components.

Sport-Related Injuries During One Academic Year in School Age Indian Children

( Jayati Sen ),( Satipati Chatterjee ),( Pratima Chatterjee ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2003 International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences Vol.15 No.2

This one year`s study involved five to fifteen year-old Indian children who experienced injuries during various sporting activities. It was recorded that children facing accidents during sports covered only 27.13, i.e., approximately 27% of the total accidents they faced during their childhood; out of which 52% were boys & 48% were girls. Among various sports kabaddi, the national game of India, caused the greatest number of injuries followed by handball & kho-kho. Collision was found to be the main cause of injury followed by falling to the ground. To save children from accidents, protective measures should be taken. Use of proper equipment, physical activities with advanced techniques, timely control of body, and lastly, modern coaching, might keep the children away from sport injuries.