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( Kathy J. Simpson ),( Shannon L. Williams ),( Patricia DeIRey ),( Teri M. Ciapponi ),( Hsiu Ling Wen ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2001 International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences Vol.13 No.1
The objective of the study was to determine the contributions of each limb to generate near-maximal running velocity and accurate foot placement onto the takeoff board during the approach phase of the long jump for elite, transtibial and transfemoral athletes. Using a panning technique, the 1996 Paralympic long jump competitions were videotaped Paired t-tests (p < 0.05) were used to investigate interlimb lower extremity symmetry for kinematic variables for the 20 transtibial and 3 transfemoral competitors. Based on inductive analysis methodology, the intertrial, individual participant kinematic SD patterns were categorized to estimate the visual control strategies used to attain accuracy. Some transtibial performers exhibited little interlimb asymmetry and increased running velocity by increasing step lengths and frequencies. The variety of locomotor strategies demonstrated could be due partly to the varying abilities among the performers to modulate the prosthetic limb step length or flight time. For transfemoral performers, increased velocity was accomplished via longer nonprosthetic limb step lengths. For the three transfemoral performers, the total number of steps, the approach velocity and accuracy modulation were affected by the limitations of the prosthetic limb. For visual targeting, very few jumpers exhibited the classic time-before-contact toe position SD pattern.