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Practice guidelines for managing extrahepatic biliary tract cancers
Hyung Sun Kim,Mee Joo Kang,Jingu Kang,Kyubo Kim,Bohyun Kim,Seong-Hun Kim,Soo Jin Kim,Yong-Il Kim,Joo Young Kim,Jin Sil Kim,Haeryoung Kim,Hyo Jung Kim,Ji Hae Nahm,Won Suk Park,Eunkyu Park,Joo Kyung Par The Korean Association of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreati 2024 Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery Vol.28 No.2
Backgrounds/Aims: Reported incidence of extrahepatic bile duct cancer is higher in Asians than in Western populations. Korea, in particular, is one of the countries with the highest incidence rates of extrahepatic bile duct cancer in the world. Although research and innovative therapeutic modalities for extrahepatic bile duct cancer are emerging, clinical guidelines are currently unavailable in Korea. The Korean Society of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery in collaboration with related societies (Korean Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery Society, Korean Society of Abdominal Radiology, Korean Society of Medical Oncology, Korean Society of Radiation Oncology, Korean Society of Pathologists, and Korean Society of Nuclear Medicine) decided to establish clinical guideline for extrahepatic bile duct cancer in June 2021. Methods: Contents of the guidelines were developed through subgroup meetings for each key question and a preliminary draft was finalized through a Clinical Guidelines Committee workshop. Results: In November 2021, the finalized draft was presented for public scrutiny during a formal hearing. Conclusions: The extrahepatic guideline committee believed that this guideline could be helpful in the treatment of patients.
Heo, Jae Sang,Jo, Jeong-Wan,Kang, Jingu,Jeong, Chan-Yong,Jeong, Hu Young,Kim, Sung Kyu,Kim, Kwanpyo,Kwon, Hyuck-In,Kim, Jaekyun,Kim, Yong-Hoon,Kim, Myung-Gil,Park, Sung Kyu American Chemical Society 2016 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.8 No.16
<P>The low-temperature electrical passivation of an amorphous oxide semiconductor (AOS) thin-film transistor (TFT) is achieved by a deep ultraviolet (DUV) light irradiation-water treatment-DUV irradiation (DWD) method. The water treatment of the first DUV-annealed amorphous indium-gallium-zinc-oxide (a-IGZO) thin film is likely to induce the preferred adsorption of water molecules at the oxygen vacancies and leads to subsequent hydroxide formation in the bulk a-IGZO films. Although the water treatment initially degraded the electrical performance of the a-IGZO TFTs, the second DUV irradiation on the water-treated devices may enable a more complete metal oxygen metal lattice formation while maintaining low oxygen vacancies in the oxide films. Overall, the stable and dense metal oxygen metal (M-O-M) network formation could be easily achieved at low temperatures (below 150 degrees C). The successful passivation of structural imperfections in the a-IGZO TFTs, such as hydroxyl group (OH-) and oxygen vacancies, mainly results in the enhanced electrical performances of the DWD-processed a-IGZO TFTs (on/off current ratio of 8.65 X 10(9), subthreshold slope of 0.16 V/decade, an average mobility of >6.94 cm(2) s(-1), and a bias stability of Delta V-TH < 2.5 V), which show more than a 30% improvement over the simple DUV-treated a-IGZO TFTs.</P>
Kim, Jaekyun,Kang, Jingu,Cho, Sangho,Yoo, Byungwook,Kim, Yong-Hoon,Park, Sung Kyu American Scientific Publishers 2014 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.14 No.11
<P>High-performance microrod single crystal organic transistors based on a p-type 2,7-dioctyl[1]benzothieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene (C8-BTBT) semiconductor are fabricated and the effects of grain boundaries on the carrier transport have been investigated. The spin-coating of C8-BTBT and subsequent solvent vapor annealing process enabled the formation of organic single crystals with high aspect ratio in the range of 10 - 20. It was found that the organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) based on these single crystals yield a field-effect mobility and an on/off current ratio of 8.04 cm2/Vs and > 10(5), respectively. However, single crystal OFETs with a kink, in which two single crystals are fused together, exhibited a noticeable drop of field-effect mobility, and we claim that this phenomenon results from the carrier scattering at the grain boundary.</P>
JinGu Lee,AeGyeong Seo,HeeDong Kim,YoungBo Lee2,SangHyun Lee,YoungKyu Park,HaeGil Lee,ChangSung Kang 한국응용곤충학회 2012 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2012 No.05
Stick insect has several peculiarities like parthenogenesis, unique external features and dropping oviposition, so it is very hopeful to use for industrial insect. The oviposition was established by only female without fertilization with sperm of male which was not discovered during this study. The oviposition period was 37.3±14.9 days and the number of eggs per female was 41.5±16.5 eggs. The hatchability was 73.3% at 25℃and 66.7% after low temperature treatment(8℃, 60 days). The developmental periods and the length of egg were 100.9±4.2 days and 0.33±0.0cm, respectively, and the adult's life span was 49.7±16.0days. Differently other research which reported five nymph stage, the developmental stages of nymph showed five(62.9%) or six(37.1%) stages. The duration and the length of nymph increased according to the increase of nymph stage. Stick insect preferred the leaf of American locust, White oak, Chestnut, Bush clover in order but could be reared with food of the leaf of all these trees. Stick insects are herbivorus but made an attack each other when encountered in the small space. For sustaining mass rearing of stick insect, it is needed that the development of artificial diet and high density rearing method.
Kim, Woojong,Chang, Yongmin,Kim, Jingu,Seo, Jeehye,Ryu, Kwangmin,Lee, Eunkyung,Woo, Minjung,Janelle, Christopher M. by Lippincott Williams Wilkins. 2014 COGNITIVE AND BEHAVIORAL NEUROLOGY Vol.27 No.4
OBJECTIVE:: We investigated brain activity in elite, expert, and novice archers during a simulated archery aiming task to determine whether neural correlates of performance differ by skill level. BACKGROUND:: Success in shooting sports depends on complex mental routines just before the shot, when the brain prepares to execute the movement. METHODS:: During functional magnetic resonance imaging, 40 elite, expert, or novice archers aimed at a simulated 70-meter-distant target and pushed a button when they mentally released the bowstring. RESULTS:: At the moment of optimal aiming, the elite and expert archers relied primarily on a dorsal pathway, with greatest activity in the occipital lobe, temporoparietal lobe, and dorsolateral pre-motor cortex. The elites showed activity in the supplementary motor area, temporoparietal area, and cerebellar dentate, while the experts showed activity only in the superior frontal area. The novices showed concurrent activity in not only the dorsolateral pre-motor cortex but also the ventral pathways linked to the ventrolateral pre-motor cortex. The novices exhibited broad activity in the superior frontal area, inferior frontal area, ventral prefrontal cortex, primary motor cortex, superior parietal lobule, and primary somatosensory cortex. CONCLUSIONS:: The more localized neural activity of elite and expert archers than novices permits greater efficiency in the complex processes subserved by these regions. The elite group’s high activity in the cerebellar dentate indicates that the cerebellum is involved in automating simultaneous movements by integrating the sensorimotor memory enabled by greater expertise in self-paced aiming tasks. A companion article comments on and generalizes our findings.
JinGu Lee,AeGyeong Seo,JingYoung Kim,JeongA Han,ChangSung Kang,YoungSu Lee,SangHyun Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2014 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.04
Childrena zenobia is very hopeful as an industrial insect for its beautiful color and long life span. This study was conducted to establish the mass rearing methods of C. zenobia to develop it as an industrial insect. C. zenobia appeared in the high mountains of about 1,000m above sea level at Pocheon and Gapyoung during high temperature season from July to August, and in the low mountains of about 400m above sea level at Yeoncheon on September. The first oviposition time after mating took 27.8±9.0 days and the number of eggs per female was 180. The life span of adult was 39.3±20.2 days in male and 59.0±18.7 days in female. The hatchability of F1 generation showed high rate over 80% at 20∼30℃, while the rate of F5 generation was very low under 5%. The proper food for rearing the larva was Viola papilionacea. The developmental period from 1st larva to adult was 63.6±5.1 days and the hatching time was 8.7±0.9 days at 20℃ and 48.0±3.3 days and the hatching time was 8.1±1.2 days at 25℃. These results seemed to be very suggestive that C. zenobia could be massively reared in the condition of indoor rearing room resulting in the utilization of it as an industrial insect for various regional festivals.
JinGu Lee,HeeDong Kim,ChangSung Kang,AeGyeong Seo,SangHyun Lee,YoungKyu Park,YoungBo Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2013 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.04
Baculum elongatum has a long, thin shape that resembles a twig, propagates by parthenogenesis, changes body color, and drops eggs, all of which suggests its potential in the commercial market, especially as an educational pet insect. This study was carried out to determine the best hatching environment and an alternative or artificial diet for rearing B. elongatum to be developed as a commercial and educational pet insect. Oviposition was performed by females without fertilization by the sperm of males. The oviposition period was 42.2 ± 22.7 days and the number of eggs per female was 109.5 ± 70.5 eggs. The hatch rate was 73.3% at 25°C and 66.7% after low temperature treatment (8°C for 60 days). In nature, B. elongatum overwinters as an egg, but it can be assumed from the results that cold temperatures were not required for hatching. The hatch rate was 98.2% in the treatment using floral foam, fermented sawdust, and leaves. Clover(Trifolium repens) was an excellent diet as it was similar to the host plant and could be used as an alternative diet. The rate of reaching adulthood for the insects was 66.7% on an artificial diet containing 25% acacia leaves. For sustainable mass rearing of nymphs or adults of B. elongatum, a natural diet could be used such as acacia (Robinia pseudoacacia), white oak (Quercus aliena), chestnut (Castanea crenata var. dulcis), and bush clover (Lespedeza bicolor), or an alternative diet such as clover or artificial diet. To rear nymphs and adults of B. elongatum, natural diet such as acacia, white oak, chestnut, or bush clover leaves, or an alternative diet such as clover or an artificial diet can be used.
Kim, Sun A,Lee, Yangsoon,Jung, Dawoon E,Park, Kyung Hwa,Park, Jeong Youp,Gang, Jingu,Jeon, Sun Bok,Park, Eui Chul,Kim, Young-Gun,Lee, Bogman,Liu, Qing,Zeng, Wen,Yeramilli, Subramanyam,Lee, Soojin,Koh, Japanese Cancer Association 2009 CANCER SCIENCE Vol.100 No.5
<P>The identification of novel tumor-specific proteins or antigens is of great importance for diagnostic and therapeutic applications in pancreatic cancer. Using oligonucleotide microarrays, we identified a broad spectrum of differentially expressed pancreatic cancer-related genes. Of these, we selected an overexpressed expressed sequence taq and cloned a 721-bp full-length cDNA with an open reading frame of 196 amino acids. This novel gene was localized on the Homo sapiens 16p13.3 chromosomal locus, and its nucleotide sequence matched the Homo sapiens similar to common salivary protein 1 (LOC124220). We named the gene pancreatic adenocarcinoma up-regulated factor. The pancreatic adenocarcinoma up-regulated factor was secreted into the culture medium of pancreatic adenocarcinoma up-regulated factor-overexpressing Chinese hamster ovary cells, had an apparent molecular mass of approximately 25 kDa, and was N-glycosylated. The induction of pancreatic adenocarcinoma up-regulated factor in Chinese hamster ovary cells increased cell proliferation, migration, and invasion ability in vitro. Subcutaneous injection of mice with Chinese hamster ovary/pancreatic adenocarcinoma up-regulated factor cells resulted in 3.8-fold greater tumor sizes compared to Chinese hamster ovary/mock cells. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting with antirecombinant human pancreatic adenocarcinoma up-regulated factor antibodies confirmed that pancreatic adenocarcinoma up-regulated factor was highly expressed in six of eight pancreatic cancer cell lines. Immunohistochemical staining of human pancreatic cancer tissues also showed pancreatic adenocarcinoma up-regulated factor overexpression in the cytoplasm of cancer cells. Transfection with pancreatic adenocarcinoma up-regulated factor-specific small-interfering RNA reduced cancer cell migration and invasion in vitro. Treatment with antirecombinant human pancreatic adenocarcinoma up-regulated factor in vitro and in vivo reduced proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumorigenic ability. Collectively, our results suggest that pancreatic adenocarcinoma up-regulated factor is a novel secretory protein involved in pancreatic cancer progression and might be a potential target for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.</P>