Expression and Clinical Significance of Osteopontin in Calcified Breast Tissue

Huan, Jin-Liang,Xing, Li,Qin, Xian-Ju,Gao, Zhi-Guang,Pan, Xiao-Feng,Zhao, Zhi-Dong Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.10

Osteopontin (OPN) is an integrin-binding protein, believed to be involved in a variety of physiological cellular functions. The physiology of OPN is best documented in the bone where this secreted adhesive glycoprotein appears to be involved in osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. In our study, we used semi-quantitative RT-PCR of osteopontin in calcification tissue of breast to detect breast cancer metastasis. The obtained data indicate that the expression of osteopontin is related to calcification tissue of breast, and possibly with the incidence of breast cancer. The expression strength of OPN by RT-PCR detection was related to the degree of malignancy of breast lesions, suggesting a close relationship between OPN and breast calcification tissue. The results revealed that expression of OPN mRNA is related to calcification of breast cancer tissue and to the development of breast cancer. Determination of OPN mRNA expression can be expected to be a guide to clinical therapy and prediction of the prognosis of breast cancer patients.

Simulation of an Inertial Acoustic Navigation System With Range Aiding for an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle

Pan-Mook Lee,Bong-Huan Jun,Kihun Kim,Jihong Lee,Aoki, T.,Hyakudome, T. IEEE 2007 IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING - Vol.32 No.2

<P>This paper presents an integrated navigation system for underwater vehicles to improve the performance of a conventional inertial acoustic navigation system by introducing range measurement. The integrated navigation system is based on a strapdown inertial navigation system (SDINS) accompanying range sensor, Doppler velocity log (DVL), magnetic compass, and depth sensor. Two measurement models of the range sensor are derived and augmented to the inertial acoustic navigation system, respectively. A multirate extended Kalman filter (EKF) is adopted to propagate the error covariance with the inertial sensors, where the filter updates the measurement errors and the error covariance and corrects the system states when the external measurements are available. This paper demonstrates the improvement on the robustness and convergence of the integrated navigation system with range aiding (RA). This paper used experimental data obtained from a rotating arm test with a fish model to simulate the navigational performance. Strong points of the navigation system are the elimination of initial position errors and the robustness on the dropout of acoustic signals. The convergence speed and conditions of the initial error removal are examined with Monte Carlo simulation. In addition, numerical simulations are conducted with the six-degrees-of-freedom (6-DOF) equations of motion of an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) in a boustrophedon survey mode to illustrate the effectiveness of the integrated navigation system.</P>

Psychopathological Profile of Women with Breast Cancer Based on the Symptom Checklist-90-R

Pan, Xiong-Fei,Fei, Man-Dong,Zhang, Kenneth Y.,Fan, Zhen-Lie,Fu, Feng-Huan,Fan, Jin-Hu Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.11

Background: With effective early treatments, many breast cancer patients suffer from psychological distress due to adverse effects and lifelong physical disfigurement. Our study aimed to evaluate the psychopathological profile of breast cancer patients in comparison with healthy women and explored demographic correlates. Method: We consecutively enrolled breast cancer patients who came to the hospital for follow-up or rehabilitation care after primary treatment, and healthy female relatives or friends of inpatients in the Cancer Institute of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences between August 30, 2010 and January 1, 2012. Psychopathological profile was assessed based on the Symptom Checklist-90-R (SCL-90-R) for patients and controls. We compared demographics such as age, ethnicity, education, marriage, and occupation, and incorporated these data plus cancer status for the association with the general SCL-90-R index and scores for 9 major symptom dimensions in multiple regression analysis. Results: We surveyed a total of 291 female breast cancer patients and 531 healthy women. The average age was $55.1{\pm}6.40$ years for breast cancer patients and $43.1{\pm}12.8$ for healthy controls (P<0.01). The mean survival was 5.20 years for cancer patients (range, 0.60-9.90 years). There were statistically significant differences in education, marriage, and occupation between the two groups (P<0.01). General index ($1.45{\pm}0.45$ versus $1.32{\pm}0.37$) and 8 dimension scores (excluding anxiety) on SCL-90-R were significantly higher in patients (P<0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed that the breast cancer status was positively correlated with general SCL-90-R index and 6 dimension scores (excluding the anxiety, phobic anxiety and paranoid ideation dimensions) (P<0.05). Regression coefficients ranged from 0.10 (depression) to 0.19 (somatization). Higher interpersonal sensitivity was noticed in single women compared to married women. Conclusions: Chinese patients with breast cancer demonstrate greater psychopathology compared to healthy controls. The breast cancer status is an independent contributing factor to the general psychopathological profile. Breast cancer patients should be given particular counseling and care to alleviate their psychological distress.

Advanced Gastric Cancer and Perfusion Imaging Using a Multidetector Row Computed Tomography: Correlation with Prognostic Determinants

Huan Zhang,Zilai Pan,Lianjun Du,Chao Yan,Bei Ding,Qi Song,Huawei Ling,Kemin Chen 대한영상의학회 2008 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.9 No.2

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the perfusion CT features and the clinicopathologically determined prognostic factors in advanced gastric cancer cases. Materials and Methods: A perfusion CT was performed on 31 patients with gastric cancer one week before surgery using a 16-channel multi-detector CT (MDCT) instrument. The data were analyzed with commercially available software to calculate tumor blood flow (BF), blood volume (BV), mean transit time (MTT), and permeability surface (PS). The microvessel density (MVD), was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining of the surgical specimens with anti- CD34. All of the findings were analyzed prospectively and correlated with the clinicopathological findings, which included histological grading, presence of lymph node metastasis, serosal involvement, distant metastasis, tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) staging, and MVD. The statistical analyses used included the Student’s t-test and the Spearman rank correlation were performed in SPSS 11.5. Results: The mean perfusion values and MVD for tumors were as follows: BF (48.14 16.46 ml/100 g/min), BV (6.70 2.95 ml/100 g), MTT (11.75 4.02 s), PS (14.17 5.23 ml/100 g/min) and MVD (41.7 11.53). Moreover, a significant difference in the PS values was found between patients with or without lymphatic involvement (p = 0.038), as well as with different histological grades (p = 0.04) and TNM stagings (p = 0.026). However, BF, BV, MTT, and MVD of gastric cancer revealed no significant relationship with the clinicopathological findings described above (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The perfusion CT values of the permeable surface could serve as a useful prognostic indicator in patients with advanced gastric cancer. Objective: To investigate the relationship between the perfusion CT features and the clinicopathologically determined prognostic factors in advanced gastric cancer cases. Materials and Methods: A perfusion CT was performed on 31 patients with gastric cancer one week before surgery using a 16-channel multi-detector CT (MDCT) instrument. The data were analyzed with commercially available software to calculate tumor blood flow (BF), blood volume (BV), mean transit time (MTT), and permeability surface (PS). The microvessel density (MVD), was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining of the surgical specimens with anti- CD34. All of the findings were analyzed prospectively and correlated with the clinicopathological findings, which included histological grading, presence of lymph node metastasis, serosal involvement, distant metastasis, tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) staging, and MVD. The statistical analyses used included the Student’s t-test and the Spearman rank correlation were performed in SPSS 11.5. Results: The mean perfusion values and MVD for tumors were as follows: BF (48.14 16.46 ml/100 g/min), BV (6.70 2.95 ml/100 g), MTT (11.75 4.02 s), PS (14.17 5.23 ml/100 g/min) and MVD (41.7 11.53). Moreover, a significant difference in the PS values was found between patients with or without lymphatic involvement (p = 0.038), as well as with different histological grades (p = 0.04) and TNM stagings (p = 0.026). However, BF, BV, MTT, and MVD of gastric cancer revealed no significant relationship with the clinicopathological findings described above (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The perfusion CT values of the permeable surface could serve as a useful prognostic indicator in patients with advanced gastric cancer.

Security Performance Analysis of DF Cooperative Relay Networks over Nakagami-m Fading Channels

( Huan Zhang ),( Hongjiang Lei ),( Imran Shafique Ansari ),( Gaofeng Pan ),( Khalid A. Qaraqe ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2017 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.11 No.5

In this paper, we investigate the security performance for cooperative networks over Nakagami-m fading channels. Based on whether the channel state information (CSI) of wiretap link is available or not, optimal relay selection (ORS) and suboptimal relay selection (SRS) schemes are considered. Also, multiple relays combining (MRC) scheme is considered for comparison purpose. The exact and asymptotic closed-form expressions for secrecy outage probability (SOP) are derived and simulations are presented to validate the accuracy of our proposed analytical results. The numerical results illustrate that the ORS is the best scheme and SRS scheme is better than MRC scheme in some special scenarios such as when the destination is far away from the relays. Furthermore, through asymptotic analysis, we obtain the closed-form expressions for the secrecy diversity order and secrecy array gain for the three different selection schemes. The secrecy diversity order is closely related to the number of relays and fading parameter between relay and destination.

두개의 초음파 거리계를 이용한 관성센서 기반의 의사 장기선 (Pseudo-LBL) 복합항법 알고리듬

이판묵(PAN-MOOK LEE),전봉환(BONG-HUAN JUN),홍석원(SEOK-WON HONG),임용곤(YONG-KON LIM),양승일(SEUNG-IL YANG) 한국해양공학회 2005 韓國海洋工學會誌 Vol.19 No.5

This paper presents an integrated underwater navigational algorithm for unmanned underwater vehicles, using additional two-range transducers. This paper proposes a measurement model, using two range measurements, to improve the performance of an IMU-DVL (inertial measurement unit - Doppler velocity log) navigation system for long-time operation of underwater vehicles, excluding DVL measurement. Extended Kalman filter was adopted to propagate the error covariance, to update the measurement errors, and to correct the state equation when the external measurements are available. Simulation was conducted with the 6-d.o.f. nonlinear numerical model of an AUV in lawn-mowing survey mode, at current flow, where the velocity information is unavailable. Simulations illustrate the effectiveness of the integrated navigation system, assisted by the additional range measurements without DVL sensing.

초음파 거리계를 갖는 수중복합항법시스템의 초기오차 수렴 특성

이판묵(PAN-MOOK LEE),전봉환(BONG-HUAN JUN),김시문(SEA-MOON KIM),최현택(HYUN TAEK CHOI),이종무(CHONG-MOO LEE),김기훈(KIHUN KIM) 한국해양공학회 2005 韓國海洋工學會誌 Vol.19 No.6

Initial alignment and localization are important topics in inertial navigation systems, since misalignment and initial position error wholly propagate into the navigation systems and deteriorate the performance of the systems. This paper presents the error convergence characteristics of the hybrid navigation system for underwater vehicles initial position, which is based on an inertial measurement unit (IMU) accompanying a range sensor. This paper demonstrates the improvement on the navigational performance of the hybrid system with the range information, especially focused on the convergence of the estimation of underwater vehicles initial position error. Simulations are performed with experimental data obtained from a rotating arm test with a fish model. The convergence speed and condition of the initial error removal for random initial position errors are examined with Monte Carlo simulation. In addition, numerical simulation is conducted with an AUV model in lawn-mowing survey mode to illustrate the error convergence of the hybrid navigation system for initial position error.

An In-situ Correction Method of Position Error for an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Surveying the Sea Floor

Lee, Pan-Mook,Jun, Bong-Huan,Park, Jin-Yeong,Shim, Hyung-Won,Kim, Jae-Soo,Jung, Hun-Sang,Yoon, Ji-Young Korean Society of Ocean Engineers 2011 International journal of ocean system engineering Vol.1 No.2

This paper presents an in-situ correction method to compensate for the position error of an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) near the sea floor. AUVs generally have an inertial navigation system assisted with auxiliary navigational sensors. Since the inertial navigation system shows drift in position without the bottom reflection of a Doppler velocity log, external acoustic positioning systems, such as an ultra short baseline (USBL), are needed to set the position without surfacing the AUV. The main concept of the correction method is as follows: when the AUV arrives near the sea floor, the vehicle moves around horizontally in a circular mode, while the USBL transceiver installed on a surface vessel measures the AUV's position. After acquiring one data set, a least-square curve fitting method is adopted to find the center of the AUV's circular motion, which is transferred to the AUV via an acoustic telemetry modem (ATM). The proposed method is robust for the outlier of USBL, and it is independent of the time delay for the data transfer of the USBL position with the ATM. The proposed method also reduces the intrinsic position error of the USBL, and is applicable to the in-situ calibration as well as the initialization of the AUVs' position. Monte Carlo simulation was conducted to verify the effectiveness of the method.

고정기준점에 대한 거리측정 신호를 이용하는 자율무인잠수정의 수중항법

이판묵(PAN-MOOK LEE),전봉환(BONG-HUAN JUN),임용곤(YONG-KON LIM) 한국해양공학회 2008 韓國海洋工學會誌 Vol.22 No.4

This paper presents an underwater navigation system based on range measurements from a known reference station fixed on the sea bottom or floated at surface with a buoy, for which the system is extended to 3-dimensional coordinates. We formulated a state equation in polar coordinates and constitutedan extended Kalman filter for discrete-time implementation of the navigation algorithm. The autonomous underwater vehicle, ISiMI, cruising with a constant speed can estimate its trajectory using just range measurements and additional depth, heading, and pitch sensors. Simulation studies were performed to evaluate the underwater navigation of the maneuvering AUV with range measurements. We modulated the sample rate of range measurements to evaluate the effect of the update rate, and changed the initial position error of the AUV to check the robustness toestimation errors. Simulation results illustrates that the extended navigation system provides convergence of the state estimates. The navigation system was conditionally stable when it had initial position errors.

심해무인잠수정 해미래를 이용한 남마리아나 아크 해저화산 열수분출공 탐사

이판묵(Pan-Mook Lee),전봉환(Bong-Huan Jun),백혁(Hyuk Baek),김방현(Banghyun Kim),심형원(Hyungwon Shim),박진영(Jin-Yeong Park),유승열(Seong-Yeol Yoo),정우영(Woo-Young Jeong),백세훈(Sehun Baek),김웅서(Woong-Seo Kim) 한국해양공학회 2016 韓國海洋工學會誌 Vol.30 No.5

This paper presents the explorations of hydrothermal vents located in the Marina Arc and Back Arc Basin using the deep-sea ROV Hemire. These explorations were conducted by KRISO and KIOST to demonstrate the capability of Hemire in various applications for deep-sea scientific research. The missions included the following: (1) to search the reported vents, (2) conduct visual inspections, (3) deploy/recover a sediment trap and bait traps, (4) sample sediment/water/rock, (5) measure the magnetic field at the vent site, and (6) acquire a detailed map using multi-beam sonar near the bottom. We installed three HD cameras for precise visual inspection, a high-temperature thermometer, a three-component magnetometer, and a multi-beam sonar to acquire details of the bottom contour or identify vents in the survey area. The explorations were performed in an expedition from March 23 to April 5, 2016, and the missions were successfully completed. This paper discusses the operational process, navigation, and control of Hemire, as well as the exploration results.