The Birth and Growth of the Engaged Buddhist Movement : Challenging Tradition

Glover, Fred 세종대학교 대학원 2011 국내석사

Abstract The Birth and Growth of the Engaged Buddhist Movement: Challenging Tradition This thesis, The Birth and Growth of the Engaged Buddhist Movement: Challenging Tradition, is primarily concerned with the history and philosophical worldview of the engaged Buddhist movement in the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. Chapter one is an outline of how and why engaged Buddhists re-interpreted traditional Buddhist scriptures. Chapter two deals with engaged Buddhist explanations for the reasons behind the pain and suffering in this world. Unlike their traditional counterparts, engaged Buddhists view this suffering as a result of not only a sort of spiritual sickness, or desire and attachment, but rather in what they consider to be, “social and economic injustice.” Some of the topics that are covered in this chapter are the socialist tendencies on the part of engaged Buddhists, the various key players in the movement itself and the anti-modern, anti-capitalist and anti-Western bias that characterizes the movement as a whole. Chapter three is primarily about engaged Buddhist ideas on how best to alleviate the pain and suffering of this world. To best illustrate the radical nature of the engaged Buddhist program, their beliefs were juxtaposed with those of their predecessors. Contrary to Buddhist tradition, engaged Buddhists claim that the most important way to rid human beings of their pain and ignorance is not by simply living in accordance with traditional Buddhist principles, but rather by getting involved in extra-mundane matters in order to dismantle the economic, cultural and political forces which they, (the engaged Buddhists) feel have contributed to widespread misery, inequality and injustice. Some of the more radical members of the engaged Buddhist movement believe the only way that positive change can come about is by destroying the old and building new societies based on socialist – collectivist principles. Overall, the underlying argument throughout the entire thesis is that engaged Buddhism is an almost complete departure from traditional Buddhism (even though many of its adherents claim it is not) and that its secular humanist and socialist principles has defined much of what it has been in the past and still is today.

The touch of evil: The politics of corruption in the Frankish kingdoms 450--987

Glover, Demetrius Purdue University 2011 해외박사(DDOD)

The Franks appeared on the borders of the Roman Empire in the third century and assumed control of northern France and Germany after the political collapse of the Roman Empire in the west. The Merovingian dynasty and the Frankish kingdoms flourished and survived longer than the other Germanic successors to the Roman Empire in the west, but the Frankish kingdoms experienced significant turbulence from fighting and intrigue within the dynasty as each generation fought amongst itself and against external enemies. The Carolingian dynasty displaced the Merovingians in the eighth century and vigorously sought to improve and expand Frankish control over the west---culminating in the attainment of the title of Emperor of the Romans by Charlemagne and his descendants. In the ninth century, the Carolingians entered an era of internal conflict and were themselves displaced by new dynasties in the tenth century. Political corruption is often cited as being the source of strife in the Merovingian dynasty and used to explain the decline of the Carolingian Dynasty. This study examines how the major narrative and polemical sources of the Frankish kingdoms differed in their analyses and presentations of political corruption from 450 to 987 and determines the ultimate impact of political corruption on the Frankish kingdoms.

Poetics of enchantment: Language, sacramentality, and meaning in twentieth-century Argentine poetry

Glover, Adam Gregory University of Kentucky 2012 해외박사(DDOD)

This dissertation explores the relationship between language, sacramentality, and enchantment in three twentieth-century Argentine poets: Francisco Luis Bernardez (1900-1976), Jorge Luis Borges (1899-1986), and Alejandra Pizarnik (1936-1972). It seeks to ask and answer two fundamental questions. First, to what extent might it be possible to understand the conception of poetic language characteristic of modern poetry as an articulation, however muffled and secularized, of a sacramental apprehension of language and world? Second, how might such a conception be related to what Max Weber famously called "the disenchantment of the world"? The dissertation begins with a broad overview of the development of the concept of disenchant within Western culture and then proceeds to a reading of the three poets mentioned above. Special attention is given throughout both to historical and political context and to the specific ways in which Bernardez, Borges, and Pizarnik understand and employ poetic language. In each case, I attempt to show how, among both secular and religious poets, language retains vestiges of a sacramental understanding of the world. KEYWORDS: Enchantment, Sacramentality, Francisco Luis Bernardez, Jorge Luis Borges, Alejandra Pizarnik.

Liquid vocalizations and underspecification in German dialects

Glover, Justin Indiana University 2014 해외박사(DDOD)

Many languages have processes known as liquid vocalizations, which turn a liquid consonant (/l/ or /r/) into a vocoid. In this dissertation I present a formal model which captures liquid vocalizations and their underlying motivation in four German dialects. Throughout my analysis I also show how liquid vocalizations interact with other processes. I argue that these interactions are significant because they provide support for a particular model of underspecification. Chapter 2 investigates the phonology of Standard German /R/. Based on internal and external evidence I argue that /R/ is underlyingly placeless and that it therefore patterns with anterior coronals in the Standard German phonology. This treatment plays an important role in my analysis of /R/-Vocalization and its apparent interaction with an allophonic rule known as Dorsal Fricative Assimilation. Contrary to previous analyses, I contend that there is in fact no interaction if / R/ is underspecified for place features. Chapter 3 focuses on Kiel German, a dialect spoken in and around Kiel, Schleswig-Holstein. This dialect has both /R/-Vocalization and Dorsal Fricative Assimilation, which both feed an assimilation (Vowel Raising) not found in Standard German. In some words the output of this assimilation violates an OCP constraint, which is subsequently repaired by a dissimilation (Vowel Lowering). I argue that these Kiel German processes can only be accounted for in a framework with coronal underspecification. Chapter 4 considers the phonology of the lateral phoneme in Gottschee German, a dialect spoken in southern Slovenia. The Gottschee German data provide clear evidence for underspecification in the form of structure building assimilations and stop epenthesis. I also present examples showing that Gottschee German has a process of /l/-Vocalization, which causes coda /l/ to surface as [u]. This supports my claim that coda laterals and rhotics vocalize in order to improve syllable structure. Chapter 5 examines the situation surrounding /l/ in Bernese German, spoken in Bern, Switzerland. As in Gottschee German, this dialect has multiple processes that provide evidence of coronal underspecification. The Bernese German lateral also patterns in a manner similar to its Gottschee German counterpart. I argue that the distribution of this sound is a product of syllable structure and only coda /l/ is subject to /l/-Vocalization. Chapter 6 summarizes the dissertation and provides directions for future research.

Mediating the Intersections: Feminisms, Queer Theories and Testimonial Literary Production about Women in Central America, 1977-1987

Glover, Allison L University of Colorado at Boulder ProQuest Dissert 2018 해외박사(DDOD)

This dissertation explores the different ways testimonial narratives about Central American women represent and resist repressive governments, patriarchal culture and North American imperialism during the Cold War. The texts I study are: (1) Mar.

Up from the roots: Contextualizing medicinal plant classifications of Tibetan doctors in Rgyalthang, PRC (China)

Glover, Denise M University of Washington 2005 해외박사(DDOD)

This dissertation argues that natural-kind classifications need to be contextualized within the particular socio-cultural milieu in which they occur; the present work is therefore framed as an ethnography of plant classifications. The linguistic and ethnic context of medicinal plant classifications is explored, and the classifications themselves are analyzed in terms of their cultural and linguistic significance. In providing the important context in which plant classifications occur, I highlight the extent to which knowledge of plants and medicine is intricately connected to ethnic identity among the consultants with whom I worked. In particular, I discuss the linkages between the state discourse of "ethnic medicine," the local perceptions and practices of Tibetan medicine, and Tibetan identity in a multi-ethnic area. I examine the crucial role that language identity plays in the discourse of plants and medicine by Tibetan doctors, and I identify the linguistic and ethnic "roots" of plant classification in the Tibetan medical tradition. I also explore implications for the linguistic relativity hypothesis and discuss the crucial role of literacy in the classificatory cognition of Tibetan doctors and in my interactions with these doctors. In my analysis of plant classifications, I examine the ways in which these classifications are connected to the classification of disorders in the Tibetan medical tradition. Taking my cue from Tibetan doctors themselves, I argue that the theoretical foundations of a medical system must be understood in order to fully grasp how medicinal plants are related in a system of classification. Furthermore, I explore the important linkage between plants and disorders through discursive language. I examine the slippage between signifier and signified of plant categories in Tibetan medical texts, since these texts act as crucial cognitive anchors for doctors in terms of classifications. I analyze how Tibetan doctors utilize particular classification lexicon and examine the ways in which this lexicon is situated in the cultural knowledge system of Tibetan medicine (as reference points in medical texts). I also explore the context in which apparent misfits between Chinese and Tibetan lexicon occur and attempt to understand how Tibetan language, both spoken and written, functions in classifying plants and disorders for Tibetan doctors.

Essays in Heterogeneous Agent Macroeconomics

Glover, Andrew S University of Minnesota 2011 해외박사(DDOD)

This dissertation consists of two essays. The first essay revisits a fundamental puzzle for productivity driven business cycle theories. A challenge for these models of business cycles is that labor productivity and hours are negatively correlated in the United States, whereas the theory predicts a strong positive correlation. I refine the empirical puzzle and provide a theory to account for it. I emphasize that hours per worker and individual hours relative to usual hours move counter to productivity. In the cross-section, I find that almost all workers increase their hours when productivity is low, except for low (residual) wage earners. Furthermore, low wage earners suffer larger wage losses when productivity falls. Based on these findings, I hypothesize that non-neutral movements in productivity exacerbate frictions due to adverse selection. I use recent advances in competitive search theory to imbed Akerlof's Rat Race into a Neo-Classical growth model with search frictions. Firms bundle high earnings with long hours in order to separate more able and willing workers from the less productive. When low productivity workers fall (relatively) farther behind, the firm requires longer hours from everyone else; perversely, many workers work harder even as the market value of their time falls. A calibrated version of the model is used to measure the aggregate volatility generated by productivity shocks when labor markets are burdened by adverse selection. In the second essay, my coauthor Jacob Short and I study the behavior of entrepreneurs in order to understand the sources and magnitude of risks that they face. Entrepreneurship is risky; entrepreneurs forgo wages and invest their time and resources into a business with large potential gains, but uninsurable risks. It is vital to know the extent of these risks, and the insurance available against them, in order to assess corporate tax and personal bankruptcy reforms. We document that incorporated entrepreneurs operate larger businesses, accumulate more wealth, and are on average more productive than unincorporated entrepreneurs. We embed the U.S. bankruptcy and incorporation legal systems in a quantitative macroeconomic theory of occupation, incorporation, and default choices that accounts for the cross-sectional facts. In the model, as in the U.S., incorporation provides insurance via limited liability beyond personal bankruptcy exemptions, at the expense of administrative burdens and an endogenous interest rate premium. Our model suggests that capital embodied shocks are important entrepreneurial risks. A calibrated economy in which each unit of installed capital entails a small probability of a catastrophic shock (full de-struction of capital) is able to account for the data along multiple untargeted dimensions. We find the welfare gains for entrepreneurs from eliminating investment risk are huge (5.9% increase in annual consumption). And, the welfare loss from removing limited liability appears to be large.

Dynamics of Electron Transfer at the Localized-to-Delocalized Transition of Mixed Valency

Glover, Starla Demorest University of California, San Diego 2011 해외박사(DDOD)

Investigations into the dynamics of picosecond electron transfer in a series of mixed valence systems of the type [Ru3(mu3-O)(OAc) 6(py)(CO)-(mu2-BL)- Ru3(mu3-O)(OAc) 6(py)(CO)]-1, where BL = 1,4-pyrazine or 4,4'-bipyridine and py = 4-dimethylaminopyridine, pyridine, or 4-cyanopyridine are described. Solvent and temperature dependence into the rate of ground state intramolecular electron transfer is probed by infrared analysis of nu(CO) bandshapes where simulated rate constants yield to rates ranging from 4 x1011 to 3 x1012 s-1. Correlations between rate constants and solvent properties including solvent reorganization energy, optical and static dielectric constants, microscopic solvent polarity, viscosity, principal rotational moments of inertia, and solvent dipolar relaxation times, have been examined. Correlations revealed a marked lack of dependence on electron transfer rates with respect to solvent thermodynamic parameters, and a strong dependence on solvent dynamic parameters. This is consistent with electron transfers having very low activation barriers that approach zero. Temperature dependent studies revealed electron transfer rates accelerated as the freezing points of solvent solutions were approached with a sharp increase in the rate of electron transfer upon freezing. This has been attributed to a localized-to-delocalized transition in these mixed valence ions at the solvent phase transition. This non-Arrhenius behavior is explained in terms of decoupling the slower solvent motions involved in the frequency factor, nu N, which weights faster vibrational promoter modes that increase the value of nuN. Solvent and temperature dependence of optically induced intramolecular electron transfer is probed by analysis of intervalence charge transfer bands in NIR spectra. The application of a semi-classical three-state model for mixed valency best describes the electronic spectra wherein is the appearance of two intervalence bands; a band which has metal-to-metal-charge-transfer character and another having metal-to-ligand-charge-transfer character. This three-state model fully captures the observed spectroscopic behavior where the MBCT transition increases in energy and the MMCT band decreases in energy as electronic communication increases through the series of mixed valence ions. The solvent and temperature dependence of the MBCT and MMCT electronic transitions is found to persist as coalescence of infrared vibrational spectra suggest ground state delocalization on the vibrational timescale. The solvent and temperature dependence of the MBCT and MMCT electronic transitions defines the mixed valence complexes as lying at the borderline of delocalization. Fine tuning the electronic coupling in the series of dimers has allowed for the resolution of a full Class II, early Class II/III, late Class II/III to Class III systems and the influence of solvent dynamics in each regime. These investigations have prompted the redefinition of borderline Class II/III mixed valency to account for outer sphere (solvent) contributions to electron transfer; in nearly delocalized systems, solvent dynamics localized otherwise delocalized electronic ground states. Further, studies explore the origins and dynamics behind spectral coalescence of vibrational nu (CO) bandshapes in [Ru 3(mu3-O)(OAc)6(py)(CO)-(mu2-BL)-Ru 3(mu3-O)(OAc)6(py)(CO)]-1 systems and a picosecond isomerization in square pyramidal Ru(S2C 4F6)(P(C6H5)3)2(CO) system.

The impact of a school-wide positive behavior support plan on high school student's perceptions of school climate and peer relationships

Glover, Donna M Loyola University Chicago 2005 해외박사(DDOD)

Research regarding positive behavior supports (PBS) in schools has tended to measure behavioral outcomes (e.g. the frequency of discipline referrals) in response to universal/school-wide positive behavior support plans (e.g. Sprague, Walker, and Annemieke, 2001 and Luiselli, Outman, and Sunderland, 2002). As a subset of a larger PBS project, the purpose of the current study was to examine the influence of a universal/school-wide positive behavior support plan on high school student's perception of school climate and their peer relationships. Students from one urban high school within Chicago, Illinois were given a modified version of the School Climate Survey (Tieghi-Benet, Warren, & Freeman, 2000), in order to assess their perceptions of their peer relationships and school climate in response to a universal/school-wide PBS plan implemented within their school. Results indicated that there was only a partial implementation of a universal/school-wide positive behavior support plan in place. Additionally, there were only small effect size differences found (0.10--0.17) between year 1 and year 2 student school climate survey data. Implications for future research regarding PBS within high schools were discussed.

Diminishing democracy? The politics of ethnic accommodation in Namibia

Glover, Susan K The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 2005 해외박사(DDOD)

This study examines the process of democratization within a multi-ethnic state, conjecturing that the presence or lack of ethnic accommodation directly affects democratic consolidation. An examination of Namibia's post-independence period shows that the institutions exist to provide a type of consociational or power-sharing arrangement. However, there is growing alienation of minority groups from the center, where a single ethnic group dominates. The study presents a picture of how and why multi-ethnic democracies may founder in part because they are exclusionary---i.e. due to particular policy choices, not because of inherently destructive characteristics of states with multiple ethnic identities. Considering in particular the Rehoboth Basters and the Herero, this study concludes that without accommodation of minorities at both the top and bottom levels of political and economic life, democratic consolidation is unlikely.