17세기 국어 문장 종결 형식의 연구 : 청자 대우법과 문체법을 중심으로 = (A) Study on the Sentence Final Forms of Korean in the 17th Century : Chiefly on the hearer honorific system and the types of Sentence

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

(1) In this study, the followings are described.
○ hearer honorific system and types of sentence which appears in sentence final forms of the 17th century
○ The formal and functional changes of sentence final forms of the 17th century
○ The synchrony of sentence final forms of the 17th century
(2) In Chapter 2, the hearer honorific system and types of sentence of the 17th century's Korean language is described.
There are two kinds of morpheme in the hearer honorific system of the 17th century's Korean language. One of them is the characteristic morpheme of hearer honorific system, such as {-(i¨)i-}, {-(i¨)sjosj∂}, {-i¨)i}, {-so/o}, {-a}, {-i}. The other is the the morpheme such as {-(i¨)si-}, {-s∧β-} which were used to pay superficial honor to the hearer according to pragmatic situation, having its own primitive meanings. Each of them, {-(i¨)si-} and {-s∧β-} had the primitive meaning of [agent respect] and [speaker humble].
Hearer honorific system can be divided into 「the level of h∧sjosj∂-the level of h∧∧pso-the level of h∧so-the level of h∧ra」. The fact that the level of h∧∧pso appeared through {-(i¨)si-} and {-s∧β-} is the special feature of hearer honorific system of the 17th century. {-(i¨)si-} is the sentence final ending of the level of hnso formed by reconstructuring from prefinal morpheme {-(i¨)si-}. And {-i} is sentence final ending included in {-(i¨)ni-} and {-(i¨)ri-}.
Types of sentence is included in pragmatism, which shows any difference among the speaker's request to the hearer, that is, the difference of illocutionary force. But types of sentence of Korean language should be classified according to form, for types of sentence of Korean language are put to use with regular forms.
We can see the characteristic form of types of sentence in declarative, interrogative, imperative, proposetive, and promisive. {-ta} is a Mark to indicate declarative, {-ka} and {-ko} is to indicate interrogative, {-(i¨)ra-} and {-(i¨)rj∂} is to indicate imperative, {-so} is to indicate the level of h∧ so and imperative, {-tfja} is to indicate proposetive, {-(i¨)ma-} is to indicate promisive.
(3) Chapter 3 classifies sentence final forms of the 17th century's Korean language on the basis of hearer honorific system and types of sentence. And this chapter shows its pragmatic function and diachronic formation process. In adition, this chapter tries to find the method of description.
In declarative, sentence final endings {-ta}, {-a}, {-(i¨)i-}, {-i} form various kinds of sentence final forms.
The appearance of '-ni¨nda' , '-(i¨)lta/(i¨)ltwa', {-(i¨)rwa-} is a distinctive feature of sentence final form of the 17th century's declarative. {-(i¨)rwa-} is different from {-ra}, which is the allomorph of {-ta}, viewed in the light of having connecting vowel.
In this study, I described '-t'∧nj∂' and '-tfira' as declarative sentence final forms. In an interrogative, sentence final ending {-ka}, {-ko}, {-a}, {-i} formed various kinds of sentence final forms.
In this study, I described '-(i¨)nga-, -(i¨)lk'a-, -(i¨)ngo, -(i¨)lk'o' as forms of asking oneself of the level of h∧ra, which had been described as sentence final form of the level of h∧so. These sentence final forms could be used in all speech levels, for they were the forms of asking oneself. In interrogative, there was no characteristic sentence final form expressing the level of hnso. There were sentence final endings used in imperative, such as {-(i¨)ra}, {-(i¨)rj∂}, {-a}, {-so}, {-(i¨)sjosj∂}. In these sentence final final endings, it is peculiar that {-so} and {-(i¨)sjosj∂} can show types of sentence and hearer honorific system.
{-so} is sentence final ending, appearing in the 16th century for the first time, which seems to have originated in word prefinal morpheme {-s∧β-}. '-kwadja' is used in both declarative and imperative.
{-tfja}, {-(i¨)i}, {-ta} were sentence final endings used in proposetive. We cannot find out sentence final forms expressing the level of hnso of proposetive, but the possibility that `-say' was also used in this period cannot be excluded. {-tfja} is sentence final ending originally formed through combining {-tfi-} and {-a}.
Sentence final ending {-a}, {-(i¨)i} were used in promisive. There was no sentence final ending expressing the level of h∧so and the level of h∧sjosj∂ of promisive. The level of h∧sjosj∂ of promisive was expressed through sentence final form of declarative '-oriida'.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차 = ⅰ
• 1. 머리말 = 1
• 1.1. 연구의 목적과 범위 = 1
• 1.2. 선행 연구 개관 = 3
• 1.3. 논의의 전개와 방법 = 7
• 2. 17세기 국어의 청자 대우법과 문체법 = 13
• 2.1. 17세기 국어의 청자 대우법 = 13
• 2.1.1. 청자 대우 등급 구분의 방법 = 13
• 2.1.2. 17세기 국어의 청자 대우 등급 = 17
• 2.1.3. 17세기 국어 청자 대우법의 특징 = 51
• 2.2. 17세기 국어의 문체법 = 53
• 2.2.1. 문체법 분류의 방법 = 54
• 2.2.2. 17세기 국어 문체법의 체계 = 57
• 3. 17세기 국어의 문장 종결 형식 = 64
• 3.1. 평서법 = 65
• 3.1.1. □라체 = 66
• 3.1.2. □소체 = 109
• 3.1.3. □□소체 = 114
• 3.1.4. □쇼셔체 = 118
• 3.2. 의문법 = 121
• 3.2.1. □라체 = 121
• 3.2.2. □소체 = 154
• 3.2.3. □□소체 = 155
• 3.2.4. □쇼셔체 = 155
• 3.3. 명령법 = 157
• 3.3.1. □라체 = 158
• 3.3.2. □소체 = 166
• 3.3.3. □□소체 = 166
• 3.3.4. □쇼셔체 = 166
• 3.4. 청유법 = 167
• 3.4.1. □라체 = 167
• 3.4.2. □소체 = 169
• 3.4.3. □□소체 = 169
• 3.4.4. □쇼셔체 = 170
• 3.5. 약속법 = 171
• 3.5.1. □라체 = 171
• 3.5.2. □소체 = 172
• 3.5.3. □□소체 = 172
• 3.5.4. □쇼셔체 = 175
• 4. 결론 = 176
• 참고문헌 = 182
• ABSTRACT = 193