웃음 훈련이 청소년의 긍정적·부정적 정서에 미치는 효과 = (The) effects of smile and laugh training on the adolescents' positive and negative emotions

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The objective of this study is to address how "smile and laughing training" affects the change of positive emotions and negative emotions and the affectation of a laughing the affects adolescents' emotional stability through quantitative analysis.
The subject of this study was the frist and second grader of C middle school which is located in Changwon. They took part in this study at own their will after school. The student divided into an experimental group and a control group. The number of student was 15 each group. It took three weeks for the experimental group to operate this "smile and laughing training". It was conducted 20 times in total. The smile and laughing training which was the tool of this study was reorganized into three week program, It was developed 4 step program modified the existing programs in other books for reference
Emotion measurement tool I suggested by Plutchk. It was devised for measuring eight kind of primary emotions translated into the single adjective rating by Kang, Gap-won(1992). Emotional measurement tool Ⅱ was test for the mixed emotions. this tool was Zuckerman and Lubin's version of the Multiple Affect Adjective Check List(MAACL) revised by Kang, Gap-won(1992).
The difference between the experimental group and contort group about the change of emotion and an emotional stability was verified by primary emotion measurement test and mixed emotion measurement test as a test of homogeneity. To examine group smile and laughing training effects, the study conducted two-way ANOVA to verify difference between the groups (experimental group and control group).
This study showed "smile and laughing training" prove fruitful in changeing of sentiment positivly. Especially, when that practice was done everyday, effect was greater. In addition, students seem to change the concept of laughing and show several positive changes, for example, having better relationship with other student and positive attitude and so on.
Based on these results of study
1. smile and laughing training have and effects on positive emotions and negative emotions change of primary emotions.
2. smile and laughing training have and effects on positive emotions and negative emotions change of mixed emotions.
However, those conclusion have several limitations. This study was done in an certain circumstance subjecting small group of students who valunteered in a certain area junior high school. Thus, the result of this study cannot be generalized without appropriate adaptation. Although these limitations, however, this study has a meaning in demonstrating actual effect of laughing practice.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차
• Ⅰ. 서론 = 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 = 1
• 2. 연구의 문제 = 3
• 3. 용어의 정의 = 4
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 = 5
• 1. 정서 = 5
• 2. 청소년의 정서 = 9
• 3. 웃음 = 15
• 4. 웃음과 정서 = 22
• 5. 선행 연구 = 24
• Ⅲ. 연구 가설 = 27
• Ⅳ. 연구 방법 = 27
• 1. 연구 대상 = 27
• 2. 연구 설계 = 27
• 3. 연구 도구 = 28
• 4. 측정 도구 = 33
• 5. 실험 절차 = 42
• 6. 자료 분석 = 43
• Ⅴ. 연구 결과 = 44
• 1. 연구 집단 간의 동질성 검정 = 44
• 2. 집단 간 기본 정서의 변화 = 45
• 3. 집단 간 혼합 정서의 변화 = 49
• Ⅵ. 논의 = 54
• Ⅶ. 요약 및 결론 = 57
• 참고문헌 = 59
• ABSTRACT = 63
• 부록1 정서측정도구Ⅰ = 65
• 부록 2 정서측정도구Ⅱ = 66