청소년의 인터넷 중독 예측모형 = (A) Predictive model for internet addiction of adolescents

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 청소년 인터넷 중독에 관한 통합적인 모형을 제시함으로써 청소년 인터넷 중독에 관한 이론개발에 기여하며, 나아가 이를 예방하고 청소년 정신건강을 증진시키기 위한 중재 전략개발의 근간을 마련하기 위함이다.
가설적 모형을 개발하기 위해 청소년의 인터넷 중독과 관련된 요인 및 이들 간의 관계를 확인, 설명하는 문헌과 선행연구를 고찰하였으며 이를 바탕으로 성별, 자아존중감, 자기효능감, 스트레스, 가족지지, 친구지지를 외생변수로 하고 충동성과 외로움을 매개변수로 하는 모형을 구축하였다. 이 모형의 적합도를 검증하기 위해 공변량 구조 분석을 시도하였으며 2003년 2월 13일부터 2월 21일까지 부산과 울산지역의 중고등학생 총664명을 대상으로 분석하였다.
모형검증결과 가설적 모형에서 스트레스가 충동성으로 가는 경로, 자기효능감이 외로움으로 가는 경로, 자기효능감이 인터넷 중독으로 가는 경로와, 가족지지가 인터넷 중독으로 가는 경로를 삭제하여 수정모형을 확정하였다.
최종 확인된 모형의 경로는 첫째 자아존중감, 자기효능감, 가족지지, 친구지지가 충동성을 매개로 하여 인터넷 중독을 가는 경로. 둘째, 자아존중감, 스트레스, 가족지지, 친구지지가 외로움을 매개로 하여 인터넷 중독으로 가는 경로이며, 셋째, 자아존중감, 자기효능감, 가족지지, 친구지지가 충동성을 매개로 한 후 외로움을 매개로 하여 인터넷 중독으로 가는 경로이며, 넷째, 성별, 자아존중감, 스트레스, 친구지지가 인터넷 중독으로 가는 경로이었다.
이들 경로 중 가장 총 효과가 높은 경로는 성별이 인터넷 중독으로 가는 경로이며(t=-7.94), 다음으로 가족지지가 외로움을 거쳐 인터넷 중독으로 가는 경로(t=-6.10), 외로움이 인터넷 중독으로 가는 경로(t=5.43), 자아존중감이 외로움을 거쳐 인터넷 중독으로 가는 경로(t=-3.57), 친구지지가 인터넷 중독으로 가는 경로(t=2.71)순 이다. 이들 중 영향력이 큰 변수로는 성별, 가족지지, 외로움, 자아존중감, 친구지지순 이었다. 따라서 이러한 결과를 고려할 때 인터넷 중독으로 가는 경로에 관여하는 변수인 외로움을 감소시키는 중재방안을 개발하는 것이 필요할 것이다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of the predictive factors on Internet addiction and to develop a predictive model that explains Internet addiction among adolescents in Korea.
A hypothetical model was constructed on the basis of extensive review of literature on Internet addiction.
The exogenous variables of the hypothetical model were gender, self-esteem, self-efficacy, stress, family support, friend support. The endogenous variables included impulsiveness, loneliness. Internet addiction.
The data was collected by self-reported questionnaire from 664 adolescents in Puasan and Ulsan from February 13 to February 21, 2003. Reliabilities of the seven instruments were tested Cronbach's alpha score which ranged from .70 to .91.
Data analysis was done using SPSS 10.0 Win Program for descriptive and correlational statistics. LISREL 8.53 Win Program was used for analysis to find the best fit model which assumes causal relationship among variables.
The results were as follows;
1. The results of covariance structural analysis indicated:
1) The overall measure of fit of the hypothetical model to the data was shown to be good. [GFI=.99, AGFI=.73, RMR=.02, NFI=.98]. But when we look at other type of measure like [χ2 /df=17.93, NNFI=.64, CN=167] and Q-plot, the hypothetical model needed modification.
2) Paths of the model were modified by considering theoretical implication and statistical significance of parameter estimates. A modified model was constructed by deleting four paths. Compared to the hypothe-tical model, the revised one had a better fit to the data. [χ^(2) /df=6.50, GFI=.99, AGFI=.90, RMR=.02, NNFI=.88, NFI=.98, CN=279]
2. The results of hypothesis testing were as follows:
1) self-esteem(γ_(12)=-.46, t=-9.44), self-efficacy(γ_(13)=-.27, t=-7.24), family support(γ_(15)=-.41, t=-8.85), friend support(γ_(16)=.22, t=4.81) had significant
direct effects on impulsiveness.
2) self-esteem(γ_(22)=-.87, t=-32.75), stress(γ_(24)=-.55, t=-30.77), family support(γ_(25)=-.74, t=-29.35), friend support(γ_(26)=-.08, t=-3.14), impulsiveness (β_(21)=-.15, t=-7.84) had significant direct effects on loneliness.
self-esteem(γ_(22)=.07, t=6.03), family support(γ_(25)=.06, t=5.87), friend support(γ_(26)=-.03, t=-4.10) had significant indirect effects on loneliness. The indirect effects of self-efficacy(γ_(25)=.04, t=5.32)on loneliness were significant but their direct effects were insignificant. The total effects of variables on loneliness were significant.
3) gender(γ_(31)=-.30, t=-7.94), friend support(γ_(36)=.15, t=2.84), loneliness (γ_(32)=.32, t=5.43) had significant direct effects on Internet addiction.
The direct effect of self-esteem(γ_(32)=.12, t=2.51) on Internet addiction was significant and its(γ_(32)=-.30, t=-6.10) indirect effect was significant.
The indirect effect of family support(γ_(36)=-0.25, t=-6.10) on Internet addiction was significant but its direct effect was insignificant.
The total effects of above variables on Internet addiction were significant.
The direct and indirect effects of stress and impulsiveness on Internet addiction were significant but their total effects were insignificant.
The above findings showed that loneliness as a mediating variable had the significant direct effect on Internet addiction of adolescents. Also gender had the most significant direct effect on Internet addiction.
Finally, to decrease loneliness, to increase family support, and to increase self-esteem, an effective intervention program and education should be developed to prevent Internet addiction of adolescents

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차
• Ⅰ. 서론 = 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 = 1
• 2. 연구의 목적 = 3
• 3. 용어의 정의 = 4
• Ⅱ. 문헌고찰 = 5
• 1. 인터넷 중독의 이해 = 5
• 2. 인터넷 중독에 영향을 미치는 요인 = 10
• 3. 청소년과 인터넷 중독 = 27
• 4. 개념적 기틀 = 31
• 5. 가설적 모형 = 32
• Ⅲ. 연구 방법 = 36
• 1. 연구설계 = 36
• 2. 연구대상 = 36
• 3. 연구도구 = 36
• 4. 자료수집 절차 = 39
• 5. 자료분석 방법 = 40
• Ⅳ. 연구 결과 = 41
• 1. 대상자의 특성 = 41
• 2. 연구 변수간의 상관관계 = 46
• 3. 가설적 모형의 검증 = 48
• 4. 모형의 수정 및 검증 = 55
• 5. 가설 검증 = 62
• Ⅴ. 논의 = 66
• Ⅵ. 결론 및 제언 = 77
• 1. 결론 = 77
• 2. 제언 = 78
• REference = 79
• ＜부록＞ 설문지 = 93
• Abstract = 103

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