토큰경제가 학습부진아의 부적응 행동에 미치는 영향 = (The) Influence of the Token Economy on the Maladjusted Behavior of the Underachievers

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of the token economy on the maladjusted behavior of the underachievers. The results of this study were collected by analysing three students in the elementary school first grade. This study verifies the effect of token economy on the change of the target behavior on the ground of the reversal design.
This experiment lasted 67 days. We divided the period of the experiment into 5 terms; the basis term grasping the target behavior of the subject, the first reinforcement term starting the token economy, the reversal term stopping the token economy, the second reinforcement term resuming the token economy and the post examination term. In that period we indicated the change in each child's target behavior. The results of this study are as follows.
First, the token economy was effective in diminishing the maladjusted behaviors. In spite of the difference between target children and the diversity of maladjusted behavior trait, the token economy was successful in reducing various types of maladjusted behavior like failure in learning, inattention, aggressive behavior and distraction.
Second, the token effect was effective in not only diminishing maladjusted behavior of the underachiever but also in maintaining that effect for a certain period of time. We could observe out the maintenance effect of the token economy in the observation practiced three weeks later from the experiment.
Third, the token economy had a positive effect on the change of the behavior. In the case of child 1, the reduction of the failure in learning and inattention produced improvement in attention span, consequently, the ability to read and to express his/her opinion was improved. In the case child 2, thanks to the decrease in aggressive behavior , the child could keep good company with other children, and the attention span was improved. In the case of child 3, the decline of the failure in learning brought good learning attitudes and less chat on the side.
Based on the results mentioned above, we suggest as follows.
First, this study didn't examine the effect of intelligence on the maladjusted behavior of the underachiever. After this, the correlation between the token economy effect and the difference of the intelligence.
Second, the cause of the underachiever is correlated to the home environment, so the application of the token economy must not be limited to the school and we need to study the token economy in connection with home environment.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차 = ⅰ
• Ⅰ. 서론 = 1
• 1. 연구의 의의 = 1
• 2. 연구의 목적 = 3
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 = 5
• 1. 학습부진아의 부적응 행동 특성 = 5
• 2. 토큰경제의 이용과 행동 계약 = 13
• Ⅲ. 연구방법 = 19
• 1. 연구대상 = 19
• 2. 측정도구 = 20
• 3. 연구 절차 = 23
• 4. 자료 처리 = 26
• Ⅳ. 결과 및 해석 = 27
• 1. 부적응 행동에 미치는 영향 = 27
• 2. 유지 효과 = 33
• 3. 기간별 행동 변화 = 35
• Ⅴ. 결론 및 제언 = 51
• 참고문헌 = 53
• Abstract = 57
• 부록 = 60