韓國傳統木造建築의 보에 關한 硏究 : 공包와 지붕틀과의 結構를 中心으로 = (A) study on the beam of tranditional Korean wooden architecture

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This thesis mainly deals with how to joint between beams and kongpoes(공포), and how to relate between beams and frames of Paljakjibung(팔작지붕) by period.
As for the joint between beams and kongpoes, In Jusimpo(柱心包) Buildings of late Koryo and early Chosun dynasty, usually beams was carved like salmies(살미) from the begining of jusim(주심) to the outward. In the form of the carving style, there are three different shape can be found. One is the lower and the upper part of beams was carves with width of sujang(수장폭) in the same way. The other is the lower part was carved with width of sujang but the upper part was carved more than with width of sujang, eventually the shape of section was a trapezoid. The third is the beams were extruded with same size without no carving like inner part.
Almost Jusimpo Buildings of late Koryo and early Chosun dynasty, the Oimokdori(외목도리) was supported by beams. But in the Suduksa(修德寺) Daeungjun(大雄殿), Busuksa(浮石寺) Muryangsujun(無量壽殿), Kang-rung(江陵) Kaeksamun(客舍門), and Kosansa(高山寺) Daeungjun(大雄殿), Oimokdori was supported by salmi, but by beam. We can say that these style is a old-fashioned one.
As for Dapo(多包) buildings, the carvmg of beams and the joint of beams is different by the period. The buildings of late Koryo and early Chosun dynasty was built from 14C to mid 16C. The heads of beams were extruded, and were jointed by Oimokchumchaes(외목첨차). The carvings of beams were very complicated one which the upper and the lower part of beams were to carve. And the load transmission of roof was carried by Naemokdori(내목도리) but by Jusimdori(주심도리). And the location of Jangyeoes(장여) and Ttunjangyeoes(뜬장여) which joint with beams was the upper part of beams.
The buildings of mid Chosun dynasty was built from mid 16C to early 18C. The heads of beams cannot be seen at the outside, so there were no connections between Oimokchumchaes. And the carvings of beams were very simple, as for there's no connection with other members. And the load transmission of roof was carried by Jusimdori but by Naemokdori. The location of Jangyeoes and Ttunjangyeoes was the lower part of beams.
The buildings of late Chosun dynasty was built from mid 18C to early 20C. In some buildings, the heads of beams were extruded again. As for Naemok(내목), the beams almost were jointed by Naemokchumchaes(내목첨차). But the load transmission of roof in this time was carried by Jusimdori not by Naemokdori. And the location of Jangyeoes and Ttunjangyeoes which joint with beams was the mid part of beams.
The relations between beams and frames of Paljakjibung are below.
As for buildings which have Toigan(퇴간) with 4 side in plan, the corner plans of the late Koryo and early Chosun dynasty's buildings were square. And the Oigi(외기) was made not by Dori(도리) but by beam. The supports of Oigi was carried by Koju(고주) and Guibo(귀보). But in the mid Chosun dynasty, rectangular can be seen at the corner plan. The Oigi was made by Dori but beam. The supports of Oigi was carried by Koju. And at this time Guibo was disappeared.
As for buildings which didn't have Toigan or have 1 sided Toigan in plan of the late Koryo and early Chosun dynasty's buildings, the roof frame which makes Paljakjibung was finished at the upper part of the beams, without help of Chungryangs(충량). So there was no connection between outer columns and roof frames. But In the mid Chosun dynasty, some buildings begin to use Chungryangs, nevertheless in many of the buildings the Chungryangs didn't support the Oigi. In the late Chosun dynasty, almost buildings used Chungryangs which support Oigi. So our notion of Chungryangs, which all the buildings shaphing Paljakjibung must have these, was made at that times.
But as for Ikkong(翼工) buildings of 15∼10C, almost building have Chungryangs which support Oigi. That means, Ikkong(翼工) buildings used Chungryangs which support Oigi and make Paljakjibung earlier than Dapo buildings.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 目次 = i
• I. 序論 = 1
• 1. 硏究의 目的과 意義 = 1
• 2. 硏究範圍 및 方法 = 2
• 3. 用語의 定義 = 7
• II. 보의 槪念 및 一般的인 結構 = 11
• 1. 보의 名稱 및 機能 = 11
• 2. 보의 加工 및 맞춤 = 14
• III. 營建儀軌에 記載된 보 名稱 = 21
• 1. 對象 營建儀軌의 槪要 = 21
• 2. 營建儀軌에 記載된 보 名稱과 그 適用 = 23
• 3. 小結 = 58
• IV. 보와 供包의 結構 = 60
• 1. 柱心包建築의 供包와 보 結構 = 60
• (1) 高麗末 朝鮮初 柱心包建築의 보 結構 實例 = 60
• (2) 高麗末 朝鮮初 柱心包建築의 보 結構 = 79
• 2. 多包建築의 供包와 보 結構 = 87
• (1) 高麗末 朝鮮初 多包建築의 供包와 보 結構 = 87
• 가. 高麗末 朝鮮初 多包建築의 實例 = 87
• 나. 高麗末 朝鮮初 多包建築의 供包와 보 結構 = 104
• (2) 朝鮮中期 多包建築의 供包와 보 結構 = 108
• 가. 朝鮮中期 多包建築의 實例 = 108
• 나. 朝鮮中期 多包建築의 供包와 보 結構 = 137
• (3) 朝鮮後期 多包建築의 供包와 보 結構 = 140
• 가. 朝鮮後期 多包建築의 實例 = 140
• 나. 朝鮮後期 多包建築의 供包와 보 結構 = 157
• 3. 小結 = 161
• V. 보와 팔작지붕 架構와의 關係 = 164
• 1. 외기가 없는 팔작지붕 건축의 보와 지붕틀과의 관계 = 164
• (1) 외기가 없는 팔작지붕 건축의 실례 = 164
• (2) 외기가 없는 팔작지붕 건축의 보와 지붕틀과의 관계 = 169
• 2. 외기가 있는 팔작지붕 건축의 보와 지붕틀과의 관계 = 170
• (1) 單間 팔작지붕 건축의 보와 지붕틀과의 관계 = 170
• 가. 單間 팔작지붕 건축의 실례 = 170
• 나. 單間 팔작지붕 건축물의 보와 지붕틀과의 관계 = 172
• (2) 四面퇴간 평면 팔작지붕 건축물의 보와 지붕틀과의 관계 = 173
• 가. 四面퇴간 평면 팔작지붕 건축물의 실례 = 173
• 나. 四面퇴간 평면 팔작지붕 건축물의 보와 지붕틀과의 관계 = 187
• (3) 無퇴간 또는 一面퇴간 평면 팔작지붕 건축물의 보와 지붕틀과의 관계 = 190
• 가. 無퇴간 또는 一面퇴간 평면 팔작지붕 건축물의 실례 = 190
• 나. 無퇴간 또는 一面퇴간 평면 팔작지붕 건축물의 보와 지붕틀과의 관계 = 20
• 3. 小結 = 208
• VI. 結論 = 210
• 參考文獻 = 214
• ABSTRACT = 217