단친가족의 가족구조 및 기능이 자녀의 학교생활적응에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The change in the family structure in line with the increase of divorces and death may bring about a potential change in the family function. In particular, the change in the family structure may weaken the family function and thus affect the adolescents" adjustment to school. The family structure, according to the physical existence of parents, is classified into two-parents family and one-parent family, and generally the adolescents of one-parent family are reported to have low levels of school adjustment, compared to those of two-parents family.
However, the view that the mere one-parent family negatively affects the adolescents" school adjustment means that the family structure directly influences the family function, and this in turn affects the adolescents. It may be argued whether this logic is true. Yet, the problems of adolescents of one parent-families are attributed to not so much the defective family structure itself as the defective family function. This view is generally accepted.
Thus, this research seeks to compare low-income one-parent families with two-parent parents families, find out how the family structure influences the family function, analyze one-parent family"s function and the adolescents" school adjustment status, and thus study the influence of the one-parent family on the adolescents' school adjustment.
To find out the status of the school adjustment of one-parent families" adolescents, low-income one-parent families" adolescents were selected for the survey target, and two-parents families" adolescents the comparison group.
The research used a questionnaire, and the questionnaire is comprised of questions asking about general characteristics of the respondents and living status of their families, questions measuring their communication with parents, and questions measuring their family cohesiveness, adaptability and school adjustment status.
The results of the analysis of the research are summed up as follows.
First, 7 year or longer one-parent families represented the most of the target group, and divorce was the biggest reason for the one-parent family. Also, one-parent families, compared to two-parents families, experience economic difficulties due to a low monthly income.
Second, adolescents of two-parents families showed higher levels of school adjustment than those of one-parent families, and adolescents of maternal one-parent families showed relatively low levels of school adjustment.
Third, the higher the one-parent family function consisting of parent-adolescents communication, family cohesiveness, and adaptability, is, the higher the adolescents" school adjustment level becomes, the finding showed.
Fourth, the family function of one-parent families was lower than that of two-parents families. This suggests that the structural defect in the one-parent family may bring a reverse function to the family relationships and function. One-parent families that experience a change in the family structure for diverse reasons, may bring about a change in the family relationships and function, thus subsequently creating adolescents problems, emotional problems and other family problems.
Fifth, the finding showed no significant difference in the family function and school adjustment according to adolescents' gender.
The results of the research suggest the following clinical and policy implications.
First, one-parent families suffer economic difficulties compared to two-parents families, and a variety of support policies are needed aimed at easing these economic difficulties.
Second, programs designed to improve family relationships are required in order to enhance the family function in the one-parent family.
Third, measures need to be worked out in order to improve the school adjustment abilities of adolescents of one-parent families.
Fourth, professional service should be provided according to the types of family. In particular, policy supports and service are very much needed for maternal one-parent families.
Fifth, programs are needed aimed at strengthening the solidarity of one-parent families.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차
• I. 문제제기 및 연구목적 = 1
• 1. 문제제기 = 1
• 2. 연구의 목적 = 3
• 3. 연구의 한계 = 5
• II. 이론적 배경 = 6
• 1. 단친가족의 가족문제 = 6
• 2. 단친가족의 가족특성 및 가족기능 = 10
• 3. 단친가족의 가족기능 모델 = 14
• 4. 단친가족의 구조와 기능 및 자녀의 학교생활적응과의 관계 = 18
• 5. 선행 연구 = 25
• III. 연구방법 = 30
• 1. 조사대상 = 30
• 2. 조사도구 = 31
• 3. 자료수집방법 = 34
• 4. 자료분석방법 = 34
• IV. 조사결과 및 분석 = 35
• 1. 조사대상자의 일반적 특성 = 35
• 2. 단친가족의 가족구조와 자녀의 학교생활적응 = 41
• 3. 단친가족의 가족기능과 자녀의 학교생활적응 = 46
• 4. 가족구조와 기능과의 관계에 따른 자녀의 학교생활적응 = 48
• V. 결론 및 제언 = 55
• 참고문헌 = 59
• 부록 -신뢰도 분석 결과표 = 64
• -설문지 = 67
• Summary 72