국어 명사구의 통사 구조와 의미 = Syntactic structure and meaning of the noun phrase in Korean

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to describe the syntactic structure and semantic characteristics of noun phrases. The scope of this study was limited to noun phrases that are selected by the value of a verb, a head constituent of argument construction within the sentence structure in Korean, and to attributes that are selected in the antecedent element of a head noun.
The syntactic structure of noun phrases in Korean was set up in 'Noun Phrase Shell Structure' If noun phrases in Korean have an argument structure according to the value of a verb, they become NPx(complement). They can be classified into 'NPs(subject noun phrase), NPo(object noun phrase) and NPc(complement noun phrase), The structure of these noun phrases is like the Structure (1) shown below. According to distribution types of the antecedent element of a head noun, the noun phrases can also be classified into simple Noun Phrase, GENP and ConjP', The structure of these noun phrases can be expressed as shown in the Structure (2).
(1) Noun Phrase Shell Structure in Korean(i): NPs, NPo, NPc
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(2) Noun Phrase Shell Structure in Korea(ii): Simple NP, Genitive NP and Conjunctive NP
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In the Structure (1), 'X' and 'Y' are variables, According to the value of verb, it has values of V_<s> when a verb is one place verb, V_<s, o> or V_<s, c> when a verb is two place verb, and V_<s, o, c> or V_<s, c, o> when a verb is three place verb. For the Structure (2), a marked genitive case {-의} or conjunctive case {-와/-과} is selected in the position of SPEC, and a unmarked genitive case {φ} or conjunctive case {comma(,){ is selected according to the government relation of a noun.
The change in word order of the noun phrase in Korean within the range of VPs(or S') was defined as 'Scrambling' and 'NP-Movement'. The change in word order of the noun phrase in Korean out of the range of XPx was defined as 'NP-Movement'. The scrambling phenomenon was classified into 'Passive·Causative·Transformation, Argument Alternation of Head Noun, and Change in Word Order of Object and Complement', and the noun phrase movement into 'S' (VPs) Specifier Movement, 'Specifier Position Movement', and 'Case Alternation Movement'. The 'S'(VPs) specifier movement means movement to the left-branching point of VPs, and the specifier position movement does movement to the left-branching point of NPx. The specifier position movement was subdivided into subject specifier position movement, object specifier position movement, complement specifier position movement according to the constituent of 'x' The case alternation movement was also subdivided into genitive alternation and objective alternation.
All simple noun phrases could be explained by the noun phrase shell structure according to the value of a verb. Especially for attributive noun phrases where attribute adjective is selected in the antecedent element of a head noun, it could be found that the antecedent elements of all head nouns except bound noun(quantity classifier) are adjuncts(Det) that are added in the position of the internal complement of head none. With regard to double realization of the attributive adjective, they were explained by the difference the extent according to the meaning of head noun and attributive adjective.
In the discussion on the genitive none phrase, first the head noun was sub categorized onto predicative noun and non-predicative non according to whether the predication is present or not. Genitive noun phrase were materialized into 'connotative genitive noun phrase, the movement of a noun(or noun phase). An argument by the unrealized(promise) verb in the sentence structure, to Nx₁' allowed by the relative clause with the unrealized verb to be generated. Accordingly the noun phase that is governed by the verb of a connotative sentence was restructured into a relative genitive noun phase that is governed by Nx₁'. The additive genitive noun phrase is generated as an adjunct according to the collective relation of the head noun and antecedent noun.
Then, the syntactic structure of each genitive noun phrase was presented.
Third, the genitive noun, phrase has the meaning of [premise(전제, 前提)] for existence as a characteristic of its meaning. The marked case has the meaning of [명사(明視)] and the unmarked case has the meaning [지정(指定)], depending on whether the genitive mark exists on not. Even for the unmarked case, the genitive case is realized. The genitive noun phase moves to the subject specifier position because of its semantic factor was made on the specifier position movement where the genitive mark { 의} is alternated with the subject specifier mark { -은/-는}. In addition, two cases of genitive alternation were examined. The one is alternation of genitive case with subjected and object and the other is alternation of the subject of a clause with genitive case.
Fourth, the syntactic structure of genitive noun phrase noun phrase and existence or nonexistence of genitive mark in it are determined by the semantic characteristics of both antecedent noun and head noun. The syntactic structure of genitive noun phase closely relates to the semantic interpretation of noun phrase. That is, the genitive noun phrase has the meaning of [premise] for existence, regardless of whether it is marked or not. The bracket level of noun phrase varies depending on existence or nonexistence of genitive mark. The marked genitive case realizes the difference in syntactic structure and semantic characteristics in the position of [+명시] for head noun, whereas the unmarked genitive case does them in the position of [+지정].
The noun phrase by {-와/-과} was classified into a complement noun phrase that is under the direct government of verb according to the verb value and a conjunctive noun phrase that is under the government of head noun, and then it was identified that they were different noun phrases. The validity that the conjunctive noun phrase should be set up in the 'shell structure' was also discussed. The difference in the syntactic structure of conjunctive noun phrase is considered the semantic difference between marked conjunctive noun phrase and unmarked conjunctive noun phrase, the conjunctive particles {-와-과} have the meaning of 'joint enumeration(공동나열, 共同羅列)' in the position of specifier, and comma({ , }) has the meaning of 'Individual enumeration(개체나열, 個體羅列)' in the position of NPx.
As stated above, this study examined the syntactic structure and semantic characteristics of noun phrase that is the essential element of sentence construction. It will help understand the sentence generation and syntactic structure, establish the syntactic system of noun phrase in Korean, and make a research into semantic interpretation of sentence structure.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차
• 1. 서론 = 1
• 1.1 연구 범위와 목적 = 1
• 1.2 선행 연구 = 8
• 1.3 연구 방법 = 17
• 1.4 논의의 구성 = 19
• 2. 이론적 배경과 명사구 = 21
• 2.1 이론적 배경 = 21
• 2.1.1 구와 절 = 21
• 2.1.2 계열관계와 성분합성 = 23
• 2.1.3 필수어와 부가어 = 24
• 2.1.4 핵계층 이론과 통합문법 = 26
• 2.2 문장구조와 격체계 = 29
• 2.2.1 국어의 문장구조 = 29
• 2.2.2 격체계와 명사구 = 39
• 3. 명사구의 유형과 구조 = 43
• 3.1 명사구의 개념 = 43
• 3.2 명사구의 유형 = 46
• 3.2.1 단순 명사구 = 46
• 3.2.2 속격 명사구 = 48
• 3.2.3 접속 명사구 = 52
• 3.3 명사구의 구조 = 55
• 3.3.1 동사의 논항 구조 = 55
• 3.3.2 명사의 논항 구조 = 66
• 4. 어순 재배치와 명사구 이동 = 74
• 4.1 도입 = 74
• 4.2 어순 재배치 = 77
• 4.2.1 피·사동 변형 = 77
• 4.2.2 핵명사의 논항 교체 = 78
• 4.2.3 목적어와 보충어의 어순 교체 = 80
• 4.3 명사구의 이동 = 84
• 4.3.1 제시어 이동 = 84
• 4.3.2 주어의 명시소 이동 = 86
• 4.3.3 목적어의 명시소 이동 = 88
• 4.3.4 보충어의 명시소 이동 = 91
• 4.3.5 격교체 이동 = 93
• 5. 명사구의 통사·의미적 특성 = 97
• 5.1 도입 = 97
• 5.2 단순 명사구 = 98
• 5.2.1 단순 명사구의 개념과 구조 = 98
• 5.2.2 단순 명사구의 통사·의미적 특성 = 105
• 5.3 속격 명사구 = 113
• 5.3.1 속격 명사구의 개념과 구조 = 115
• 5.3.2 속격 명사구의 통사적 특성 = 123
• 5.3.3 속격 명사구의 의미 기능 = 131
• 5.3.4 속격표지 {-의}의 기능과 의미 = 142
• 5.4 접속 명사구 = 148
• 5.4.1 접속 명사구의 개념과 유형 = 148
• 5.4.2 접속 명사구의 통사 구조 = 151
• 5.4.3 접속 명사구의 의미 기능 = 155
• 5.4.4 접속표지 {-와/-과}의 기능과 의미 = 159
• 6. 결론 = 163
• 참고문헌 = 171
• 영문초록 = 186