李奎報의 現實志向的 文學世界 硏究 : 문학이론과 작품세계의 관련성을 중심으로 = Studies of Kyoo-Bo Lee(李奎報)'s reality-pursuing literary world : focusing on relationships between his literary theory and literary works

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The aristocratic society was collapsed, and a new literary tendency emerged when the Choi(崔)s´ military government took over the previous government. Kyoo-Bo Lee(李奎報) pursued the reality-based literary world and proposed that the value of the ˝truth˝ called ˝tao(道)˝ could vary depending on experience of the reality. The goal of this dissertation is to explore the characteristics of his works from such a perspective.
Chapter Ⅱ reviews the background of Kyoo-Bo Lee´s literary world. He tried to progress through the national exam called ˝Kwageo(科擧)˝, but he gave it up because he thought the exam system was unfair and prejudiced. His literary idea was against the fixed literary mannerism of those days, and he had friendly relationships with the isolated groups of people. He also suggested a new literary view with accepting Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism.
Chapter Ⅲ examines Lee´s literary theory through which he pursued the reality. The ˝spiritual energy˝ called ˝ki(氣)˝ in his theory can be understood as a unit where authors, their works, and their appreciation are unified. First of all, his theory emphasizes the ˝uniqueness˝ as a source of creativity, and the spiritual energy (˝ki˝) needs to be considered as the author´s literary sensibility.
Second, Lee´s theory emphasizes the ˝truth of the contents.˝ The emotion called ˝chung(情)˝ and excitement called ˝heung(興)˝ are the embodiments of the mind called ˝chunggam(情感)˝ which is created through experience of the concrete matter in the world. His emotional feeling arises naturally from real experiences, and it conveys a literary criticism of the lost poetry spirit as well as a social criticism of the reality.
Third, Lee´s theory emphasizes that authors need to keep developing new creation methods: creation of new words and new meanings called ˝shinuy(新意)˝, through which authors can show the characteristics of their works and thus obtain their uniqueness. He also emphasizes the usefulness of implicative expressions, with which authors can avoid flowery words that are absurdly used to exaggerate the emotional feeling.
Fourth, Lee emphasizes the pursuit of beauty. He considers the ˝taste,˝ called ˝mi(味)˝, as a criterion of the beauty deeply related to the society. That is, according to him, the allegorical works containing criticisms of the reality are tasteful and beautiful.
Chapter Ⅳ explores Lee´s literary world which pursues the reality. The first special property of his world lies on the personalized recognition of the nature. It is hard to find any tension or conflict in his improvisional representations of the nature. The nature is rather represented as a goal to be pursued to escape the earthly world and finally to solve conflicts.
The second characteristic of Lee´s world is the ˝truthful figuration of his inside consciousness.˝ His free-heartedness shown in his works is figurative representations which maximize his subjective consciousness and emotion about conflicts in the reality. His creation of the dreams and fantastic worlds is romantic figurative representations of troubles in the reality.
The third characteristic of Lee´s world is the ˝creative criticism of contradictions of the reality.˝ Through his satire, Lee intends to represent the beauty of people´s social relationship and to recover the truthful personality and conscientious society. He also severely criticizes the government officials who exploit folks. He clearly describes the poverty from which the folks suffer, contrasting the totally different life styles of the rich and the poor. The allegory in his works reflects the negative aspects of the political world.
The fourth characteristic of Lee´s word is the ˝beauty-pursuing criticism of literary works.˝ When Lee appreciated and criticized to be important. He considered the works to be valuable when they showed the spiritual energy in the nature without flowery words or figurative skills. He considered that the works reflecting the real world had the satiric beauty. The criticisms mentioned above are all related to the notion of tge taste which he emphasizes as a criterion of beauty evaluation.
Chapter Ⅴ deals with the influence of Lee´s literature. Lee´s literary world purrsues the reality, and thus it differs from those of Choon Lim(林椿) and In-Ro Lee(李仁老), which pursue the literary tendency of those days, it played a leading role during the literary tendency of those days, it played a leading role during the early period of Sung Confucianism called ˝seongrihak(性理學)˝ and affected the debates between ˝Sajangpha(詞章派)˝ and ˝Tohakpha(道學派)˝ in the early Chosun Dynasty. And in the late Chosun Dynasty, there were complicated debates on Lee´s works. From these observations, we may conclude that he has a great influence on reexamination of Korean authors and on the attitudes toward literary creations.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차
• Ⅰ. 序論 = 1
• 1. 연구 동향과 문제 제기 = 1
• 1) 연구 동향 = 1
• 2) 문제 제기 = 4
• 2. 연구 방향과 전개 방법 = 7
• 1) 연구 방향 = 7
• 2) 전개 방법 = 11
• Ⅱ. 李奎報 文學世界의 形成 背景 = 13
• 1. 문인의 지위와 문풍 인식 = 13
• 1) 무인 정권하의 문인 = 13
• 2) 사장적 문풍의 부정 = 15
• 2. 인물 교유와 학문 성향 = 19
• 1) 狂的 기질의 다원적 교유 = 19
• 2) 학문 수용의 개방적 태도 = 27
• Ⅲ. 現實志向的 文學理論 = 32
• 1. 창작 원천으로서의 個性 = 34
• 1) 문학적 감수 능력의 氣 = 34
• 2) 내발적 자연성 표출의 氣 = 40
• 2. 창작 내용의 眞實性 = 45
• 1) 心의 구체화로서의 情과 興 = 46
• 2) 意象과 意境으로서의 意 = 50
• 3) 진실한 정감과 風雅 정신 = 54
• 3. 창작 방법의 創新性 = 58
• 1) 신어와 신의의 창조 = 59
• 2) 함축적 표현의 중시 = 68
• 3) 문제 선택과 文章小技論 = 72
• 4. 작품 풍격의 審美性 = 79
• Ⅳ. 現實志向的 作品世界 = 85
• 1. 객관 경물의 個性的 인식 = 85
• 1) 즉물적 자연 정취 = 85
• 2) 탈속적 갈등 해소 = 90
• 2. 내면 의식의 眞實的 형상 = 93
• 1) 현실 갈등의 호방성 = 93
• 2) 자아 욕망의 낭만성 = 104
• 3. 현실 모순의 獨創的 비판 = 118
• 1) 사회 현상의 풍자성 = 119
• 2) 정치 세계의 우의성 = 133
• 4. 문학 작품의 審美的 비평 = 143
• 1) 자연미 적용의 비평 = 144
• 2) 풍아미 적용의 비평 = 147
• 3) 호방미 적용의 비평 = 148
• Ⅴ. 現實志向的 文學의 位相 = 154
• Ⅵ. 結論 = 158
• ※ 참고문헌 = 165
• ※ 영문초록 = 173