國民投票의 憲法的 機能과 그 展開에 관한 硏究 = (A) study on the Function and Development thr Referedum in Constitutional Law

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

We usually think that Constitutional Law does not mean the total sum of law systems but means that of the ideas, advantages, and systems related to the whole of the constitutional reality of the time ad its interaction with struggle and compromise. In this sense a constitution cannot be called a historical product.
Calling the 19c the golden age of Parlamenlarismus, we may call the 20c the critical age Parlamenlarismus. Parlamenlarismus has lost the opportunity for discussion and public awareness that were its spiritual bases, the majoritarian principle which is its essence broke down due to the oppression of the majorrity, and the appearance of a new mass democracy brought about the crisis in Parlamenlarismus. As a measure to overcome the crisis, the methods of direct democracy such as referendum, initiative and recall appeared. The Referendum has, its origin in Rousseau's political ideas in the light of the history of law ideas, and in the methods of direct democracy of Switzerland, America and France in the light of the history of political systems.
In democratic countries, referendum may be generated theoretically from the natural result of direct democracy when people are faithful to Rousseau's doctorine of popular sovereignty. And may be generated from the discouragement and mistrust of Parlamenlarismus practically. Referendum does not reject Parlamenlarismus but is premised on the existence of Parlamenlarismus.
This diseertation is a study of the role of several countries' referendum systems and the constitutional functions of referendum. It also is a consideration of whether referendum can be used only as a method of overcoming a crisis in a democracy or can be used as a peaceful method in ordinary times, and is a study in the light of modern constitutions what roles are needed in referendum systems from the angle of function-analysis. Using the above-mentioned studies and research, this dissertation will have several aims. First, to present the basic means for the systematic establishment of referendum, Secondly, to study and analyze the substance of the town meeting in the United States, Landsgemeinde in Switzerland and the Prefectural, vote in Japan as methods of direct legislation. Lastly, to present the means for the application of referendum which Article 47 in our constitution provided for in the future local government system.
The scope of study in this dissertation is limited to referendum itself, especially in the function and development of referendum systems.
Ⅰ. Introduction
This section explains the aims and methods of this study, its scope and a definition of referendum. Referendum is a political process in which the people participate directly in the discussion of special national affairs by vote. Referendum mentioned here designates its general meaning in a broad sense.
Ⅱ. The Constitutional Meanings of Referendum.
The section explains the theoretical basis and constitutional meaning of referendum. Referendum in a wide sense includes initiative, recall and popualr veto. It also explains the synonymous meanings of Referendum and plebiscite.
Ⅲ. The Constitutional Survey of Referendum.
This section explains two aspects of referendum. First, it surveys the historical traces of referendum in ancient Greece and Rome, and in Germany. Switzerland, France and America before World WarⅠ in diachronic survey. Second, it surveys the referendum's constitutional meaning in eight countries after World WarⅡ; that is, Switzerland, America, France, Germany, England, Austria, Italy and Japan.
Ⅳ. The Constitutional Function of Referendum.
This section researches what kind of function the referendum has in the mass democratic socienties of today. It also surveys the positive functions and negative ones in America's system of direct legislation, and researches the positive and negative ones in other countries separately.
Ⅴ. The Modern Constitutional Development of Referendum.
The purpose of this section is to find a way to restrain the negative affects of Referendum which were explained in Chapter 4, and to develope its function in a positive way. It surveys the development of referendum in France, England, America, Germany, Switzerland and Japan.
Ⅵ. The Tasks and Prospects of Referendum in the Korean Constitution.
This chapter surveys the history and problems of referendum in the Korean Constitution. And after that it will study the tasks and prospets of referendum in the Korean Constitution of today.
Ⅶ. Conclusion
Referendum should be premised on a nation's thinking-a fully developed thinking. At the same time referendum's aims will be achieved only through a method which can reflects the nation's thinking impartially.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차 = 5
• 第1章 序論 = 9
• 第1節 硏究의 目的 = 9
• 第2節 硏究의 範圍와 方法 = 12
• 1. 硏究의 範圍 = 12
• 2. 硏究의 方法 = 13
• 第3節 國民投票의 槪念 = 14
• 第2章 國民投票의 憲法的 意義 = 15
• 第1節 國民投票의 理論的 根據 = 15
• 第2節 國民投票의 憲法的 意義 = 19
• 1. 國民表決 = 20
• 2. 國民發案 = 21
• 3. 國民解職 = 21
• 4. 國民拒否 = 22
• 5. Referendum과 Plebiscite = 22
• 6. 私見 = 24
• 第3章 國民投票의 憲法的 槪觀 = 25
• 第1節 歷史的 槪觀 = 25
• 1. 序說 = 25
• 2. 그리스 = 26
• 3. 로마 = 29
• 4. 게르만 = 30
• 5. 스위스 = 31
• 6. 프랑스 = 35
• 7. 美國 = 36
• 8. 第1次大戰 後의 諸國 = 38
• 第2節 憲法的 槪觀 = 39
• 1. 序說 = 39
• 2. 스위스 = 39
• 3. 美國 = 44
• 4. 프랑스 = 51
• 5. 獨逸 = 53
• 5. 英國 = 60
• 7. 오스트리아 = 61
• 8. 이태리 = 62
• 9. 日本 = 63
• 第4章 國民投票의 憲法的 機能 = 66
• 第1節 序說 = 66
• 1. 問題의 所在 = 66
• 2. 國民投票의 機能에 대한 Max Weber의 見解와 現代的 觀點에서의 批判 = 67
• 第2節 國民投票의 長點的 機能 = 73
• 1. 美國의 直接立法에 있어서의 長點的 機能 = 73
• 2. 國民投票 一般의 長點的 機能 = 74
• 第3節 國民投票의 短點的 機能 = 77
• 1. 美國의 直接立法에 있어서의 短點的 機能 = 78
• 2. 國民投票 一般의 短點的 機能 = 90
• 第4節 結語 = 93
• 第5章 國民投票의 現代憲法的 展開 = 97
• 第1節 序說 = 97
• 第2節 現代憲法的 展開 = 100
• 1. 프랑스憲法上 國民投票의 展開 = 100
• 2. 英國議會主權에의 國民投票 適用 = 111
• 3. 美國에서의 直接立法의 展開 = 112
• 4. 獨逸 = 122
• 5. 스위스에서의 國民投票의 展開 = 125
• 6. 日本에서의 國民投票의 展開 = 127
• 第3節 結語 = 131
• 第6章 韓國憲法上 國民投票의 課題와 展望 = 134
• 第1節 韓國憲法上 國民投票의 規定 = 134
• 第2節 憲法上 國民投票의 展開 = 136
• 第3節 國民投票法의 問題點 = 139
• 第4節 現行 憲法上 國民投票의 課題와 展望 = 139
• 第7章 結論 = 143
• 參考文獻 = 146
• SUMMARY = 158