Physiological and Psychological Responses to Simulated Virtual Taekwondo Matches in Collegiate Athletes

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

To investigate the physiological and psychological responses to virtual taekwondo (VTKD) competition among collegiate taekwondo athletes. Fifty-two collegiate taekwondo athletes, including Kyorugi (n=15), Poomsae (n=21), and Demonstration (n=16), were randomly allocated to the virtual taekwondo matches. Physiological variables included heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (HRV), blood lactate concentration (BLa), and rate of perceived exertion (RPE). Psychological variables included competitive state anxiety inventory-2, sport commitment, and self-efficacy. No significant differences were observed in physiological variables according to the match result. By sex, only RPE (F = 4.01, p = .004, ES = .07) differed significantly. By taekwondo disciplines, significant differences were found in HR (F = 3.22, p = .006, ES = .20), BLa (F = 3.92, p = .001, ES = .14), and RPE (F = 2.60, p = .020, ES = .10). No psychological variables differed significantly by match result, sex, or taekwondo disciplines. Physiological response associated with taekwondo disciplines may potentially influence competitive outcomes in VTKD. These findings provide a basis for developing tailored training strategies for VTKD athletes. Key words combat sports, virtual reality, taekwondo disciplines, match outcome, athlete monitoring

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 1. Introduction 1
• 2. Methods 4
• 2.1 Experimental Design 4
• 2.2 Subjects 5
• 2.3 Virtual Taekwondo Protocol 7
• 2.4 Measurements 7
• 2.5 Statistical Analysis 13
• 3. Results 14
• 4. Discussion 36
• 5. Practical Applications 40
• 6. Conclusion 41
• References 42
• Abstract in Korean 48
• Appendix 50