Today, we live in an era where technology rapidly advances. In school, educational paradigm has shifted to education focusing on students’ diverse interests and needs, transcending time and space. According to the National Assessment of Educational ...
Today, we live in an era where technology rapidly advances. In school, educational paradigm has shifted to education focusing on students’ diverse interests and needs, transcending time and space. According to the National Assessment of Educational Achievement (NAEA), however, the number of students with poor basic competency resulting from a learning gap between online and face-to-face classes has been on the rise. At the same time, affective characteristics such as students’ happiness and confidence in school and learning motivation have diminished.
Under these circumstances, this study attempted to investigate the influence of inter-student attitude and quality of educational services on educational performances and satisfaction in online and face-to-face classes. For this, paper-based and online questionnaire surveys were performed against a total of 282 students majoring in cosmetology from vocational high schools from April 4 to 15, 2022 through random sampling. The collected data were analyzed, using SPSS 28.0, and the results found the followings:
First, in terms of gender, 7.4% were boys while 92.6% were girls. In school grade, 10th, 11th and 12th graders accounted for 22.0%, 40.7% and 37.6% respectively. Among them, nearly 85% were interested in beauty courses. When asked what major they prefer, ‘hairdressing’ was the highest with 53.2%, followed by ‘skincare (17.7%)’, ‘makeup (16.6%)’ and ‘nail art (8.5%)’. In terms of desired career, ‘getting a job’ was the highest with 59.6%, followed by ‘attending a 4-year college (24.8%)’ and ‘attending a 2-year junior college (7.1%)’. Concerning online class-related characteristics, in terms of a type of online class, ‘realtime two-way online class’ was the highest with 64.5%, followed by ‘assignment-oriented online class (17.7%)’ and ‘contents-based online class (17.7%)’. When asked what kind of class they prefer, ‘face-to-face class’ was most responded with 68.1%. When asked what device they usually use for online classes, ‘smartphone (35.5%)’ was most responded, followed by ‘laptop (25.2%)’, ‘personal computer (20.6%)’ and ‘tablet (18.4%)’.
Second, concerning the effects of inter-student attitude and quality of educational services on educational performances and satisfaction in online and face-to-face classes, inter-student attitude had a statistically significant influence on educational performances (=.639, p<.001) and educational satisfaction (=.525, p<.001). In other words, good inter-student attitude during online classes enhances educational performances and satisfaction. Furthermore, the quality of educational services showed a statistically significant effect on educational performances (‘quality of class (=.410, p<.001)’, ‘teacher competence (=.266, p<.001)’ and ‘educational environments (=.221, p<.001)’ in order) and educational satisfaction (in order of ‘educational environments (=.401, p<.001), quality of class (=.249, p<.001) and teacher competence (=.241, p<.001)). In online classes, in other words, improvements in the quality of class, teacher competence and educational environments would increase educational performances and satisfaction. In face-to-face classes, inter-student attitude showed a statistically significant influence on educational performances (=.520, p<.001) and satisfaction ((=.521, p<.001). In other words, good inter-student attitude during face-to-face classes enhances educational performances and satisfaction. Furthermore, the quality of educational services showed a statistically significant effect on educational performances (‘teacher competence (=.340, p<.001)’, ‘quality of class (=.330, p<.001)’ and ‘educational environments (=.271, p<.001)’ in order) and educational satisfaction (in order of ‘quality of class (=.397, p<.001), teacher competence (=.218, p<.01) and educational environments (=.205, p<.01)). In face-to-face classes, in other words, improvements in the quality of class, teacher competence and educational environments would increase educational performances and satisfaction. The above results confirm that in both online and face-to-face classes, inter-student attitude and quality of educational services are closely correlated with educational performances and satisfaction.
However, there is a limitation in generating the study results because educational courses differ by school grade. Even so, this study is meaningful in that it provides basic academic data for beauty education by comparatively analyzing the influence of students’ attitude and quality of educational services on educational performances and satisfaction against students majoring in cosmetology from vocational high schools and empirically examining factors affecting current educational situations and a learning gap.
Keywords: Online Class, Face-to-face Class (Realtime Two-way Online Class, Assignment-oriented Online Class, Contents-based Online Class), Inter-student Attitude, Quality of Educational Services (Quality of Class, Teacher Competency, Educational Environments), Educational Performances, Educational Satisfaction, Vocational High School, Major of Cosmetology