In this research, I will try to learn about the actual situation of use at an early childhood educational institution including a newly appearing digital medium together with existing digital media and the perceptions of teachers. The researcher inves...
In this research, I will try to learn about the actual situation of use at an early childhood educational institution including a newly appearing digital medium together with existing digital media and the perceptions of teachers. The researcher investigated the necessity and requirements of the early childhood teacher's digital media utilization based on the utilization of the digital medium according to the characteristics of the teacher of the infant, and as a medium to be utilized for early childhood education There is a purpose to make use of the educational meaning of the media.
In order to realize such purpose of this research, the research sets up the following questions.
1. What is use state of digital media of early childhood teachers?
1-1. How about experience of utilizing digital media(whether or not to use, the number and type of digital media) in early childhood educational institutions?
1-2. How about education experience related to the digital media(subject completion experience, training experience, educated digital media type) of early childhood teachers?
2. What is recognition(level of interest, necessity, utilization level, app-licability of curriculum field, diffusion of materials, possibility of uti-lization by digital medium, requirement) on digital media of early childho-od teachers?
3. Is there any difference in use state of digital media according to trait of early childhood teachers?
3-1. Is there any difference in use state of digital media according to bac-kground variables of early childhood teachers(age, career, educational bac-kground, service area, institution type and age of early childhood)?
3-2. Is there any difference in use state of digital media according to edu-cation experience related to the digital media of early childhood teachers(subject completion experience, training experience)?
3-3. Is there any difference in the utilization of digital media depending on the necessity of the early childhood teacher's digital medium?
4. Is there any difference in recognition on digital media according to tra-it of early childhood teachers?
4-1. Is there any difference in recognition on digital media according to b-ackground variables of early childhood teachers(age, career, educational b-ackground, service area, institution type and age of early childhood)?
4-2. Is there any difference in recognition on digital media according to e-ducation experience related to the digital media of early childhood teache-rs(subject completion experience, training experience)?
4-3. Is there any difference in the recognition about digital media depending on the necessity of the early childhood teacher's digital medium?
For the purpose of carrying out this research, questionnaire were delivered via mail and Google Link to teachers of kindergartens and nursery facilities who are in charge of infants aged 3-5 years, from August 28, 2017 to the 15th day of September 11, 2017. A total of 356 questionnaires were collected and 328 copies in total were used for final analysis after data cleaning process such as excluding 28 responses of nonresponsive and unfaithful questionnaires.
The questionnaire used in this study was corrected and complemented to investigate the actual situation, recognition and opinions of utilizing the digital media of early childhood teachers and referring to the questionnaire used in previous research(Eun-Jung Kim, 2002; Yoon-Hui Byong, 2011; Yu-jong Chen, 2015; Nicole S. Fenty & Elizabeth McKendry Anderson, 2014). The questionnaire created was confirmed by two professors of early childhood education department and two specialists of early childhood education to create a first questionnaire. As a result of a preliminary survey of 15 early childhood teachers with a primary questionnaire, the questionnaire answered that there was a problem was focused and complemented, and a secondary questionnaire was finally created. The second questionnaire finally created was once again validated by the professor of early childhood education and two experts on early childhood education.
The results are summarized based on the research subjects as follows;
First, most of the early childhood teachers answered "I have experience using digital media". The average number of digital media utilized by teachers of early childhood educational institutions was 7.15, the average number of digital media used by young children was 1.62. Among the types of digital media used by teachers and young children, "PowerPoint" in the software area and "computer" in the hardware area were the most used digital media. Early childhood teacher's digital media related subjects subject completion experience and training experience were many teachers who answered that they had no experience of education than teachers who said they had experienced education. Looking at the types of digital media educated by an early childhood teacher, the experience of related education was the highest in the field of software "power point" and in the field of hardware "computer".
Second, Looking at the interest level of early childhood teachers in digital media, the type of "interest in results" was the highest. The reason why it is necessary to utilize the digital medium is that the highest average score appears, "It is easy to keep activities and evaluation materials through the use of digital media" and the reason why it is unnecessary was that the average score of "opinion that the digital medium is missing in early childhood children's organizational usability" was the highest. Although the early childhood teachers' use of digital media positively emerging about the use of the digital media, the early childhood children were not necessary and understood according to the needs of the teacher. The Nuri curriculum area that the teacher considered the most efficient to utilize digital medium considered by the teacher was the "area of experience of art". In the opinion of teachers about digital media data dissemination, the necessity of 'teacher education of digital media' was the highest. All software areas excluding Hangul appeared unusable in early childhood, and in the hardware area, all types of digital media except "projector" and "3D printer" were found to be usable in early childhood. The requirement for digital media was highest in the opinion that "educational materials utilizing various digital media must be sufficiently disseminated".
Third, as a result of examining the difference in the number of types of digital media utilized by teachers based on the teacher's background, as a result of the teacher's age, the group of 41 years old and over appeared by utilizing the most types of teachers, although groups under the age of 25 showed significant differences as indicated by utilizing the fewest types. Teacher's career shows that groups with more than 20 years utilize the most types, while groups with less than 1 year showed a significant difference by using the least number of types, in the educational background, it was found that the number of digital media utilized by junior college graduation group is more than 2 graduation group and graduate school graduation more than 4 grades, and showed a significant difference. In the type of institution, the private kindergarten group used the most types and the other facility groups showed a significant difference by utilizing the least number of types. At age of early childhood, 3-5 years old mixed group appears by using the most types, but the 3-4 year mixed half group showed the smallest difference and showed a significant difference. As for difference in subject completion experience about digital media, no significant difference was shown in utilized the average digital medium of teachers and early childhood. On the other hand, as for difference in training experience about digital media, significant difference was shown in utilized the average digital medium of teachers and early childhood. Furthermore, as for difference in the necessity about digital media, significant difference was shown in utilized the average digital medium of teachers and early childhood.
Fourth, differences in level of interest in digital media according to the age of teachers showed significant differences between groups of "informational concerns". Differences in the level of interest of digital media by carriers showed a significant difference between the groups with "resultant concern". Differences in level of interest in digital media due to the educational background showed a significant difference between groups on "informational interest" and "alternative interest". Differences in level of interest in digital media by service area showed a significant difference between groups on "informational interest" and "alternative interest". Differences in the interest level of digital media according to the institution type showed a significant difference between groups on "alternative interests". Difference in interest level of digital media according to age of early childhood showed a significant difference between groups on "operational concern". Difference in interest level of digital media according to subject completion experience related to digital media was a significant difference between "personal concern" and "cooperative interest". Difference in interest level of digital media according to training experience related to digital media was a significant difference between "operational concern". Difference in interest level of digital media according to necessity about digital media was a significant difference between all interest level areas.
Based on these research results, we discussed the necessity of correct digital media use by teachers and early childhood and the use of various digital media to discuss the necessity of educational development.