Introduction of an electronic government allows the letter or telephone, by which civil petitions about conflicts were received through civil petition reception counter of a local government in the past, to be replaced by electronic civil petition bul...
Introduction of an electronic government allows the letter or telephone, by which civil petitions about conflicts were received through civil petition reception counter of a local government in the past, to be replaced by electronic civil petition bulletin board. Universalized use of the Internet and increased supply of all kinds of portable smart devices have brought about increased reception of on-line civil petitions by general citizens.
Electronic civil petition reception has brought about shortening of time and increase of convenience, but has not guaranteed even acceleration of the speed with which the existing administrative organization conducts business which should deal with civil petitions about conflicts.
A civil petition about a conflict is not the category which can automatically be solved by electronic civil petition processing system, for it is necessary to examine all sorts of laws, devise policies and make an in-depth discussion between a policy enforcer and a civil society.
In case of Gimpo City, Gyunggi-do, Korea the Period 2 New Towns(the Han River New Towns) promoted by the state lead to population increase by rapid urban development and external influx. However, people indicate that the existing bureaucratic organization and administrative system slowly deal with civil petitions about difficulties and slowly adapt themselves to changes despite their repeated organizational reorganization.
The purpose of this study is to divide into various fields the cases of public conflicts(civil appeals about difficulties) received by 'an electronic civil petition system' of Gimpo City Hall, take the statistics, make a causal analysis between two fields of civil appeals about conflicts, derive from it the main causes of the fields where the appeals frequently occur and resolve the civil petitions about difficulties(public conflicts) to bureaucratic organizations through seeking field-specific problems and alternatives for them.
I analyzed the data based on the data on civil petitions about difficulties by ‘Saeall Administrative System' of 'Department of Civil Petition & Passport', a department managing 'an electronic civil petition system' of Gimpo City, and 'Social Investigations of Gimpo City'(published three times from 2013 to 2016) published by the city, and understood how frequently public conflicts occurred on a field-by-field basis and year-by-year(2012~2016) tendencies.
Analyzing the civil petitions about difficulties(public conflicts) received by 'an electronic civil petition system' of Gimpo City showed that the order of great weight was 'traffic-related field', 'field of welfare for the old and the disabled', 'housing-related field', 'field of road management' and 'environment'.
To analyze field-specific problems for public conflicts and seek alternatives for them, I used the method of 'Systems Thinking' where 'a Causal map' was drawn and 'Feedback Thinking' was utilized.
I understood on a field-by-field basis the factors of bringing about public conflicts through drawing a Causal map and derived field-specific countermeasures from it. And the suggestions of policy as following were derived from making 'feedback loop'.
First, the civil petitions about conflicts which can occur on maintenance and operation ahead at the stage of urban planning need to be derived, a wide range of care is requested at the time of all kinds of 'urban planning deliberation', 'traffic effect evaluation' and 'environment effect evaluation', and one should enable the opinions of the department in charge of interests to be reflected and tuned in advance.
Secondly, one should consider the circumstances of neighboring regions before establishing or approving and permitting urban planning. For it, one should not only interpret laws and regulations simply, but also consider the effect of urban development on neighboring regions. And it is very important to consult with a project enforcer in advance.
Thirdly, at the time of the occurrence of public conflicts, it is necessary to clarify the competent department and the responsible person for the corresponding case and to organize a council for the cooperation between the interested agency and department.
Fourthly, at the time of the occurrence of public conflicts, it is necessary to expand resident participation at its maximum, and to introduce in the process of consultation the 'ombudsman' system by using the third party and 'cooperative governance(a process of resolving public conflicts through the continuous dialogue and negotiation among the interested parties).
Fifthly, one should establish permanently and organize 'Conflict Management Commission', an organization in exclusive charge of public management, and devote oneself to taking measures with expertise and resolving conflicts. Key words : an electronic civil petition system, public conflicts, civil petitions about difficulties, Systems Thinking, Causal map, feedback loop, ombudsman and cooperative governance
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