한국화 매체를 활용한 집단미술치료 프로그램이 치매노인의 인지기능, 우울, 불안 및 일상생활 수행능력에 미치는 효과

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a group art therapy program by the medium of Korean painting on the cognitive function, depression, anxiety and activities of daily living of elderly people with dementia.
The subjects in this study were 12 elderly people who were selected from among male and female elderly users of a senior welfare center in a district, Busan, who were at the ages of 65 and up and were diagnosed with third-grade dementia. Whether the senior citizens wanted to participate in a group art therapy program that used a medium of Korean painting was asked, and then 12 elderly people who expressed their intention to do that were selected. After an experimental group and a control group were organized with six senior citizens each, a group art therapy program was provided by using the medium of Korean painting in 16 sessions, 60 minutes each. The experimental group participated in the program, and no action was taken to the control group during the period.
To determine the effect of the program, pretest and posttest were conducted to assess the cognitive function, depression, anxiety and activities of daily living of the experimental and control groups, and a statistical package SPSS WIN 20.0 was employed to acquire statistical data on mean and standard deviation for each scale. To see whether there would be any differences between the two groups, Wilcoxon test was carried out, which was one of nonparametric methods.
The findings of the study were as follows:
First, the experimental group that participated in the group art therapy program by using the medium of Korean painting showed more improvement in cognitive function than the control group that didn't.
Second, the experimental group that participated in the group art therapy program by using the medium of Korean painting showed more decrease in depression than the control group that didn't.
Third, the experimental group that participated in the group art therapy program by using the medium of Korean painting showed more decrease in anxiety than the control group that didn't.
Fourth, the experimental group that participated in the group art therapy program by using the medium of Korean painting made better progress in activities of daily living than the control group that didn't.
The findings of the study illustrated that the program was one of effective programs to boost the cognitive function and activities of daily living of demented elderly people and to relieve their depression and anxiety. When the program that was designed in consideration of demented elderly people's waning cognitive function, poor activities of daily living, strong depression and severe anxiety and uses the medium of Korean painting is provided for senior citizens with dementia, they will be able to maintain or improve their cognitive, physical and mental function to make the most out of their remaining abilities in daily life.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a group art therapy program by the medium of Korean painting on the cognitive function, depression, anxiety and activities of daily living of elderly people with dementia.
The subjects in this study were 12 elderly people who were selected from among male and female elderly users of a senior welfare center in a district, Busan, who were at the ages of 65 and up and were diagnosed with third-grade dementia. Whether the senior citizens wanted to participate in a group art therapy program that used a medium of Korean painting was asked, and then 12 elderly people who expressed their intention to do that were selected. After an experimental group and a control group were organized with six senior citizens each, a group art therapy program was provided by using the medium of Korean painting in 16 sessions, 60 minutes each. The experimental group participated in the program, and no action was taken to the control group during the period.
To determine the effect of the program, pretest and posttest were conducted to assess the cognitive function, depression, anxiety and activities of daily living of the experimental and control groups, and a statistical package SPSS WIN 20.0 was employed to acquire statistical data on mean and standard deviation for each scale. To see whether there would be any differences between the two groups, Wilcoxon test was carried out, which was one of nonparametric methods.
The findings of the study were as follows:
First, the experimental group that participated in the group art therapy program by using the medium of Korean painting showed more improvement in cognitive function than the control group that didn't.
Second, the experimental group that participated in the group art therapy program by using the medium of Korean painting showed more decrease in depression than the control group that didn't.
Third, the experimental group that participated in the group art therapy program by using the medium of Korean painting showed more decrease in anxiety than the control group that didn't.
Fourth, the experimental group that participated in the group art therapy program by using the medium of Korean painting made better progress in activities of daily living than the control group that didn't.
The findings of the study illustrated that the program was one of effective programs to boost the cognitive function and activities of daily living of demented elderly people and to relieve their depression and anxiety. When the program that was designed in consideration of demented elderly people's waning cognitive function, poor activities of daily living, strong depression and severe anxiety and uses the medium of Korean painting is provided for senior citizens with dementia, they will be able to maintain or improve their cognitive, physical and mental function to make the most out of their remaining abilities in daily life.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 한국화 매체를 활용한 집단미술치료 프로그램을 치매노인을 대상으로 실시하여 인지기능, 우울, 불안, 일상생활 수행능력에 미치는 효과를 검증하는데 그 목적을 두었다.
이러한 목적을 이루기 위해 본 연구는 부산광역시 소재 Y구 K노인복지센터에서치매판정을 받고 시설을 이용하는 노인을 대상으로 병원에서 치매 3등급을 진단 받은 65세 이상의 남녀 노인 가운데 한국화 매체를 활용한 집단미술치료 프로그램에 참가 의사를 확인한 후 선발된 12명을 최종 대상으로 선정하여 각각 6명씩 실험집단과 통제집단으로 배정한 후 한 회기마다 60분씩 총 16회기의 한국화 매체를 활용한 집단미술치료 프로그램을 실시하였다. 실험집단에는 한국화 매체를 활용한 집단미술치료 프로그램을 실시되었으며 같은 기간 동안 통제집단에 대해서는 아무런 처치를 가하지 않았다.
본 프로그램의 효과를 검증하기 위하여 실험집단과 통제집단의 인지기능, 우울, 불안, 일상생활 수행능력의 사전-사후검사를 실시하였고, SPSS/WIN+20.0 통계프로그램을 이용하여 각 척도별로 평균과 표준편차를 구하였다. 실험집단과 통제집단 간 차이를 검증하기 위해 비모수 통계기법 Wilcoxon을 실시하였다.
이러한 연구절차를 통하여 나타난 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다.
첫째, 한국화 매체를 활용한 집단미술치료 프로그램에 참여한 실험집단은 참여하지 않은 통제집단보다 프로그램에 참여한 후 인지기능이 향상되었다.
둘째, 한국화 매체를 활용한 집단미술치료 프로그램에 참여한 실험집단은 참여하지 않은 통제집단보다 프로그램에 참여한 후 우울이 감소되었다.
셋째, 한국화 매체를 활용한 집단미술치료 프로그램에 참여한 실험집단은 참여하지 않은 통제집단보다 프로그램에 참여한 후 불안이 감소되었다.
넷째, 한국화 매체를 활용한 집단미술치료 프로그램에 참여한 실험집단은 참여하지 않은 통제집단보다 프로그램에 참여한 후 일상생활 수행능력이 향상되었다.
이와 같은 연구 결과에 비추어 볼 때, 본 프로그램은 치매노인의 인지기능과 일상생활 수행능력을 향상시키고, 우울과 불안을 감소하는 데 효과적인 프로그램임을 알 수 있다. 치매노인의 저하된 인지기능과 일상생활 수행능력, 높은 우울과 불안을 고려하여 구성한 한국화 매체를 활용한 집단미술치료 프로그램을 치매노인에게 적용함으로써 인지적, 신체적, 정신적으로 기능을 유지하고 증진 시킬 수 있도록 하여 일상생활에서 자신에게 남겨진 능력을 최대한 활용할 수 있게 해 줄 것이다.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 표 목차 ⅲ
• 그림 목차 ⅳ
• Ⅰ. 서 론 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성과 목적 1
• 2. 연구가설 5
• 3. 용어의 정의 5
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 8
• 1. 치매노인 8
• 2. 치매노인의 관련변인 10
• 3. 한국화매체를 활용한 집단미술치료 프로그램 15
• Ⅲ. 방 법 19
• 1. 연구대상 19
• 2. 실험설계 20
• 3. 측정도구 21
• 4. 절차 41
• 5. 자료처리 42
• Ⅳ. 결 과 43
• 1. 양적 분석 43
• 2. 내용 분석 49
• Ⅴ. 논 의 72
• Ⅵ. 요약, 결론 및 제언 78
• 1. 요약 및 결론 78
• 2. 제언 79
• 참고문헌 81
• ABSTRACT 91
• 부 록
• 1. 인지기능 척도 94
• 2. 우울 척도 95
• 3. 불안 척도 96
• 4. 일상생활 수행능력 척도 97
• 5. 프로그램 내용 구성타당도 평정결과 98
• 6. 한국화매체를 활용한 집단미술치료 프로그램 102