지운(知雲) 유동수 선생의 집단상담 개입 특성에 관한 질적 사례연구

김아영 부경대학교 2021 국내박사

본 연구는 집단상담 대가상담자로서 지운 유동수 선생의 집단상담 개입 특성을 확인하는 것에 목적이 있다. 집단상담 대가상담자는 기준에 의한 눈덩이표집-동료지명 방법을 사용하여 가장 많은 지목을 받은 대가 3명 중 연구를 허락한 지운 유동수 선생을 연구대상으로 선정하였다. 지운 유동수 선생의 집단상담 발달단계별 개입 특성을 분석하기 위해 집단상담사례 2개의 축어록과 영상기록물 자료를 Stake(1995)의 4가지 분석 방법을 참고하여 분석하였다. 축어록 분석 결과 77개의 단위, 31개의 하위범주, 14개의 범주가 도출되었으며 모든 범주들을 포괄하면서 지운 유동수 선생의 치료적 개입을 함축하고 있는 핵심범주로는 ‘탁월한 관계능력을 바탕으로 상생하는 집단분위기를 촉진하여 참가자의 변화와 성장에 함께함’으로 나타났다. 범주화 결과를 기반으로 하여 지운 유동수 선생의 집단상담 개입모형을 분석한 결과 ‘주도적 참여 태도를 촉진하는 단계’, ‘상생하는 역량을 육성하는 단계’, ‘변화와 성장을 서로 돕는 단계’, ‘주체성과 관계성의 조화추구 단계’로 나타났다. 또한 모든 집단발달단계에 거쳐 지속적으로 영향을 미치는 인격적 특성과 관계적 특성이 발견되었다. ‘주도적 참여 태도를 촉진하는 단계’에는 ‘주도적으로 참여하는 태도가 형성되도록 개입함’, ‘지금-여기에서의 관계에 점차 정서적으로 몰입하도록 집단 규범을 형성해 감’의 범주가 해당된다. ‘상생하는 역량을 육성하는 단계’에는 ‘상생의 의사소통 태도와 기술을 훈련시킴’, ‘All-win의 관점으로 집단 내의 관계에서 발생한 갈등을 다루고 코칭함’, ‘자기 마음을 다스리는 힘을 기르도록 촉진함’, ‘문제를 해결하는 방법을 안내하고 변화 동기가 생기도록 지적과 지지를 사용함’의 범주가 해당된다. ‘변화와 성장을 서로 돕는 단계’에는 ‘스스로 문제를 풀어가는 집단의 힘을 믿고 지켜봄’, ‘집단과 협력하여 개인의 변화와 성장을 도움’의 범주가 해당된다. ‘주체성과 관계성의 조화추구 단계’에는 ‘주체성과 관계성의 회복을 북돋고 축하함’, ‘남겨진 문제를 확인하고 삶에서의 실천을 강조함’이 해당된다. 이상에서 기술한 모든 단계에 지속적으로 영향을 미치는 지운 유동수 선생의 인격적 특성에는 ‘인간을 깊이 신뢰하고 온전한 존재로 받아들임’, ‘만남을 중시함’이 해당하며 관계적 특성으로는 ‘참가자와 촉진자 사이에 친밀감과 신뢰를 쌓아감’, ‘집단구성원 간의 직접적인 상호작용을 발달시켜 친밀하고 신뢰로운 집단풍토를 만들어감’이라는 범주가 해당된다. 본 연구의 의의는 집단상담의 대가상담자인 지운 유동수 선생의 실제 집단상담 과정을 분석 자료로 삼았다는 점에서 의의를 찾을 수 있다. 또한, 집단역동을 보고 집단 내 관계에 다양하게 관여하여 집단을 발달시키는 과정을 이해할 수 있었으며 특정한 상황에서 집단상담자가 구체적으로 어떻게 개입하고 반응해야 하는지에 대해 이해를 높일 수 있었다. 끝으로 본 연구 결과를 토대로 후속 연구에 대한 제언과 시사점을 논의하였다.

고등학생의 학업스트레스가 신체화증상과 정서조절능력에 미치는 영향

백주현 경성대학교 2017 국내석사

본 연구는 고등학생의 인구통계학 특성에 따른 학업스트레스, 신체화증상, 정서조절능력의 차이 및 학업스트레스가 신체화증상과 정서조절능력의 미치는 영향을 확인하고자 함을 목적으로 한다. 본 연구에서 설정한 연구 문제는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 고등학생의 성별, 학년에 따라 학업스트레스, 신체화증상 및 정서조절능력의 차이는 어떠한가? 둘째, 고등학생의 학업스트레스, 신체화증상 및 정서조절능력과의 관계는 어떠한가? 셋째, 고등학생의 학업스트레스가 신체화증상에 미치는 영향은 어떠한가? 넷째, 고등학생의 학업스트레스가 정서조절능력에 미치는 영향은 어떠한가? 연구를 위해 부산과 울산 그리고 경남지역에 소재하는 일반계 고등학교에 재학 중인 남녀학생 총 500명을 대상으로 학업스트레스, 신체화증상, 정서조절능력 검사를 실시하였다. 배부한 설문지 중에서 불성실한 응답 및 누락된 답변이 포함된 설문지를 제외한 481부를 분석대상으로 사용하였다. 그리고 연구문제 검증을 위해 SPSS 21.0 프로그램을 이용하여 각 변인에 대한 기초통계, 인구통계학적 변인에 따른 차이 및 상관분석을 실시하였고, 미치는 영향력을 알아보기 위해 각각에 단일회귀분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구를 통해 밝혀진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 고등학생의 성별, 학년에 따른 학업스트레스, 신체화증상 및 정서조절능력의 차이를 살펴보면 성별은 유의한 상관관계가 있었으나, 학년은 유의한 상관관계가 없다. 둘째, 학업스트레스와 신체화증상 간에는 유의한 정적인 상관관계가 있다, 학업스트레스와 정서조절능력 간에는 유의한 부적인 상관관계가 있다, 신체화증상과 정서조절능력 간에는 유의한 상관관계가 없다. 이상의 결과를 토대로 하여 도출된 결론은 다음과 같다. 고등학생의 학업스트레스가 높을수록 신체화증상이 높아졌고, 정서조절능력은 낮아졌으며, 신체화증상과 정서조절능력의 관계는 없었다. 따라서 본 연구는 고등학생의 학업스트레스와 신체화증상 및 정서조절능력 간의 관계를 파악하고, 학업과 관련된 일로 고민하는 심리상태의 불균형 학업스트레스가 기질적 문제없이 사회, 심리적인 문제로 인해 나타나는 신체화증상과 자신의 긍정적 또는 부정적 정서를 상황에 맞게 효과적으로 조절하고 표현하는 정서조절능력의 매우 중요한 요인임을 밝혔다는 것에 의의가 있다. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of the academic stress of high school students on their somatization symptoms and emotional regulation. The subjects in this study were 481 selected boys and girls in high schools located in the regions of Busan, Ulsan and South Gyeongsang Province. Their academic stress, somatization symptoms and emotional regulation were measured. To attain the purpose of the study, a statistical package SPSS 21.0 was employed to obtain basic statistical data for each variable to look for any possible differences according to demographic variables, and to make a simple correlation analysis. Besides, a simple regression analysis was carried out for each variable to find out the influences of the variables. The findings of the study were as follows. First, as for differences among the high school students in academic stress, somatization symptoms and emotional regulation according to gender and academic year, gender was significantly correlated with these variables, but academic year had no significant correlation with them. Second, there was a significant positive correlation between academic stress and somatization symptoms, and a significant negative correlation was found between academic stress and emotional regulation. Somatization symptoms were significantly correlated with emotional regulation. Third, academic stress exercised statistically significant influences on somatization symptoms and emotional regulation. The findings of the study showed the relationships among the academic stress, somatization symptoms and emotional regulation of the high school students. This study is of significance in that it found unbalanced academic stress in a psychological state of being worried about studies is one of quite crucial factors for somatization symptoms, which take place due to sociopsychological problems irrespective of temperament, and for emotional regulation, which is to regulate one's own positive or negative emotions in an effective way suitable for the given circumstances. Concerning the relationship of somatization symptoms to emotional regulation, no correlation was found between the two in this study. Although there were no direct effects between the two variables, it could be assumed that another significant variable would be somewhere between the two variables. Therefore it's required to make research to find out the possible new influential factor for the relationship between somatization symptoms and emotional regulation. Finally, the significance and limitations of the study were discussed, and some of the right directions for future research efforts were suggested.

온맘부모교육 코칭프로그램이 초등학교 고학년 자녀를 둔 어머니의 불안, 갈등대처방식 및 기본심리 욕구만족에 미치는 효과

김찬미 경성대학교 2017 국내석사

The study was carried out to understand how the On-mom parents education coaching program effects on anxiety, conflict coping method and basic psychological needs satisfaction of mothers with upper grade elementary school children. In order to achieve the purpose of the study, the On-mom parents education coaching program was reconstructed and conducted for mothers with upper grade elementary school children living in Busan metropolitan city. All twenty mothers with upper grade elementary school children who wished to participate in the program were selected and the study was conducted with the consent of participants after explanation on the contents and process of the program. The subjects were randomly divided into two parts of ten members each; an experimental group and a control group, respectively. The program, which consists of a total 8 sessions, 180 minutes per session, and two session per weeks has been conducted to the experimental group. Any treatments were not applied to the control group during same period of time. The scales used to investigate the hypothesis testing were the Anxiety Scale, the Conflict coping method Scale and the Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction Scale. The nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was applied to the selected experimental and control groups in order to prove the effectiveness of the program. The SPSS/WIN 21.0 was used for the statistical process of the results and the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with statistical methods was calculated to verify the hypothesis of the study. In addition, the content analysis of the effect of the group members based on experience reports and program evaluations of the participants was performed in parallel to complement the quantitative research of the statistical analysis. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: First, the anxiety for the experimental group who participated in the On-mom parents education coaching program has been changed positively after the program than that of the control group who did not participate. Second, the conflict coping method for the experimental group who participated in the On-mom parents education coaching program has been changed positively after the program than that of the control group who did not participate. Third, the basic psychological needs satisfaction for the experimental group who participated in the On-mom parents education coaching program has been changed positively after the program than that of the control group who did not participate. Based on the analysis results, it can be concluded that the program is effective in lowering of anxiety and increasing of conflict coping method and parents-children relationship satisfaction Limitation to the current study and recommendations for future research are discussed.

만혼 중년남성이 경험한 '아버지 됨'에 관한 현상학적 연구

박지원 경성대학교 2017 국내석사

The purpose of this study was to shed light on the meaning and nature of their experiences on the being father of the middle aged men who married late. It's specifically meant to determine the nature of their experiences by investigating why the middle aged men get married later, how the middle aged men get a father, what their experiences meant and what influence the experiences exerted on them in in-depth interviews. Giorgi's phenomenological method, which is one of qualitative research methods, was utilized to analyze the experiences of the middle aged men. The subjects in this study were eight selected the middle aged men who married late. They have children at present. They were interviewed in depth, and the collected interview data were analyzed and interpreted by Giorgi's method. This study used the vivid stories obtained from eight participants as purposive sampling and these interviews were done for two or three times after research agreement. As a result, 560 meaning unit were derived and summarized into 512 meaning units, and back again tied to 25 sub-components and finally divided into 8 categories. The findings of the study on the nature of their experiences were as follows: First, Why the middle aged men delayed the marriage is not their own opinion but their situation. Second, the middle aged men have a difficulties in children rearing because of they married late. Third, the being father of the middle aged men who married late is formed through children support. Fourth, the middle aged men who married late try and expand the new life through the being father. Thus, the middle aged men who married late grow about following their own life through the being father and the life as a father lead the expansion of their life. So far, the middle aged men who married late were discussed to have a better understanding of their experiences and the significance of the experiences. Yet the findings of the study might not be able to generalize since just a small number of the middle aged men who married late were investigated. Based on the these results, the implications and limitations of this study were discussed, and the future research directions were suggested.

중년기 자아정체감 척도 개발 및 타당화

심운경 경성대학교 2017 국내박사

The purpose of this study aims to develop the ego identity scale of the mid-life and verify its validity. Several research issues are posed to accomplish the purpose of this study. First, in the preliminary study, what are the mid-life ego identity scale factors and how is the composition of the question items? Second, what was the reliability of the mid-life ego identity scale? Third, what was construct validity of the mid-life ego identity scale? To develop the ego identity scale of mid-life, reviewing previous studies and various definitions and categories about ego identity scale of mid-life were examined. And then 128 questions were selected by analyzing the existing scales , and justice of counseling psychology doctor and counseling experts through literature research and based on interview data in experts team meeting after three times content validity test. Finally, an exploratory factor analysis was made by using competencies scale consisting of those last preliminary items to select the last items. A survey was conducted on 429 the mid-life located in Busan and Gyeongnam. As a result, 18 items were selected. Factor 1 was made up of the relationship and role. Factor 2 was made up of the self acceptance. Factor 3 was consisted of the directional of life. Factor 4 consisted of the care and growth. 4 factors and 18 items were developed as the mid-life ego identity scale. When the reliability of 18 items was tested, the item internal consistency coefficients (Cronbach's α) of the 4 factors and the scale were both between .793-.818 which showed that the item internal consistency of the factors and the scale was good. To verify the construct validity and concurrent validity of this ego identity scale of the mid-life, a survey was conducted on 329 the mid-life located in Busan and Gyeongnam and Seoul. As the result of confirmatory factor analysis, fidelity goodness fit has proved to be good. Ego identity scale of the mid-life had a statistically meaningful correlation to the self-consciousness Scale, the mid-life crisis Scale, the psychological well-bing scale, and the family relationships Scale. Based on the findings of this study, the following conclusion was reached: The preliminary items of the ego ldentity scale of the mid-life were prepared by literature research, experts meeting, interview. And the content validity test, exploratory factor analysis, and credibility verification were conducted triple. And then the ego identity scale of the mid-life has developed, which consists of 4 factors (the relationship and role, the self acceptance, the directional of life, the care and growth) and 18 items. The construct validity test (confirmatory factor analysis) and concurrent validity test (correlation analysis of scale to the self consciousness scale, the psychological well-bing scale, the family relationships Scale and the mid-life crisis Scale) were carried out to verify the validity. According to these results, the ego identity scale of the mid-life developed in this study turned out to be a valid questionnaire. In addition, the limitation of the study and possible follow-up projects are proposed in the conclusion section. Key words: the ego identity scale of mid-life, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, correlation analysis, validity, reliability

남성 퇴직 공무원의 자원봉사를 통한 자아통합감에 관한 현상학적 연구

강영심 경성대학교 2017 국내박사

The purpose of this study is to understand the self - integration of the retired male public officers contextually and in - depth who are living new lives through volunteer service after retirement. To this end, this study investigated how the retired male public officers experience through volunteering, how their experience influenced their self - integration which reflect them to admit failures as well as success and the essential meaning of life. The participants of this study were six in total and each person had conducted in - depth interviews for 2-3 times. Based on the data obtained through in - depth interviews, this study also used research notes, field diaries, work of participants' own poems or essays as research data. The purpose of the study and the rights of the participants were explained before the interview. After completing the research participation agreement, interviews were conducted two or three times and the data were collected by telephone or e - mail. The contents of the transcription were saved as a file and were read repeatedly, interpretive meaning was presented based on the results of the analyzed data by Giorgi method among the phenomenological research methods. As a result of the analysis, in total 326 semantic units were used in the analysis. The semantic units were again summarized in 125 semantic units, and then grouped into 24 sub-components. Finally, the semantic units were divided into seven categories. In the process of analysis, advices from members of the qualitative research study were received and by reflecting the feedback received from the advisor, validity of the study was meant to be increased. In addition, the contents of the analysis went through the process of confirmation by sending e – mail to the research participants. Two psychologists with doctor’s degree examined the analysis for objectivity and reliability. The results of this study are as follows: First, the key components of self - integration through volunteering of the retired male public officers are 'to try to escape from sad reality', 'to take a strong step as a volunteer', ‘Appreciate life again through volunteering ' 'Empty oneself and reborn as a volunteer,' 'Growing up as the true love emerged,' 'Comforted in relationships and growing up,' and 'I am a volunteer to my bones.' This was explained by the contextual structure of participants' concrete experiences. Second, the sense of self - integration through volunteering of the retired male public officers is a relational experience that interacts with family, colleagues, and society, and changes through time. Therefore, the self - integration feeling through the volunteering of the retired male public officers is divided into the 'retirement period', 'adaptation period', 'growth period', and 'maturity period', and the interactions inside experience and relationship in each process are described and graphed. As a result, the essence of the self - integration through volunteer service of male retired civil servants is identified as 'moving toward the maturity of accepting oneself and others based on responsibility as public servants'. Based on the above results, implications for self - integration through volunteer service of male retired civil servants can be derived. First, the retired male public officers face a lot of difficulties in adapting to the new environment after retirement, which causes not only helplessness and depression, but also loss of willingness to live. The most difficult thing they experience is 'loss of role', but in reality there is not enough alternative to replace the loss of role, so how to spend the rest of life after retirement is still left to the individual. Second, in reality, the volunteering activities of the retired male public officers are mainly focused on hard work, which means their talents and know-how accumulated through long public service life are not being used. In reality, the participants are satisfied with 'having something to do', but the absence of a volunteer service area capable of exerting their ability seems to have a negative impact in reaching higher quality of self-esteem and achievement. Limitations of this study and suggestions for subsequent research were also discussed. Keywords: the retired male public officer, volunteer activity, self-integration, phenomenological study

재혼가족 청소년 자녀의 갈등 경험에 대한 현상학적 연구

권예원 경성대학교 2017 국내박사

This study is about conflicts between step parents and step children. It aims to find out the essence and structure about conflicts through a phenomenological study and understand the conflicts they experience in depth and in context. This study looks into the general problem, ‘how the conflicts that step children have experienced is’ and ‘how the essence of conflicts they’ve experienced is’. The participants in this study were 6 step children who agreed to participate and each was interviewed in-depth two or three times for 60-80 minutes per one interview. This study uses phenomenological method of the Colaizzi, and draw 167 meaning units, 36 sub - compone nts and 12 components. The core components of conflicts that the step children experienced are ‘remarriage, it can't be helped’, ‘be concerned but be expected’, ‘feeling uncomfortable with step parents who get their way’, ‘be afraid of losing their own parents’, ‘be in a bad relationship with step brothers or step sisters’, ‘stop arguing parents’, ‘feeling lonely and sick’, ‘feeling not alone’, ‘getting along well when making efforts together’ and ‘hoping to be happy now’. The findings of results were as follows. At first, conflict experiences caused by parents’ remarriage accompany psychological, mental, physically and developmental pains and step children show maladaptive behaviors. It is generally about family relations and personal relations and too complicated and difficult for step children to deal with by themselves. Therefore, to understand the step children’s conflicts, we should understand various conflict experienced comprehensively caused by family, friends and communities relations. Secondly, step children suffer from psychological pains such as confusion, guilty, worry, fear, expectation, awkward, stuffy, sorrow, anxiety, alienation, pressure, shrinking and powerlessness. Several maladjustment actions indicators are evident when they do not express these feelings. Therefore, this study suggests the necessity of professional counseling and treatment for step children to express their feelings and to be consoled. Third, taking supportive relationships into consideration as one of the most important adjustment factors, step children should be supported to participate in group counseling programs that help them receive support and acceptance. Furthermore, education programs for reconstituted families should be prepared and then help in adaptation of the families who experience remarriage. Likewise, when supporting socially, the customized supporting systems, which help them overcome the conflict experiences and build up a positive self-concept, are needed. Fourth, it is necessary to arrange a strategy in terms of the social support for the remarried family to participate in the program together by forging the customized program helping the remarried family overcome the conflict experience and manage their life better. Finally, the significance of this research and the suggestion for the follow-up study are as follows. This study is significant in having researched on how the conflict experience of the children in the remarried family has impacts on their psychological and physical developments. It is suggested that the follow-up studies developing effectively supportive mental health assistance programs such as the group counseling and the individual counseling programs should be continued, on the basis of understanding the psychological/social difficulties, strengths of the remarried family juvenile children and the psychological assistance plan suggested accordingly in this study. Keywords: a phenomenological research method, Remarried family, remarried family juvenile children, conflict experience

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