This study strived to explore the conflicts, difficulties and positive changes that fathers of children with disabilities experience while raising their children. Its main objectives are to enhance our understanding of fathers of children with disabil...
This study strived to explore the conflicts, difficulties and positive changes that fathers of children with disabilities experience while raising their children. Its main objectives are to enhance our understanding of fathers of children with disabilities whose lives have long been overlooked and to provide a foundational work that can be utilized to promote support programs that may improve the quality of life of fathers. Two main research issues were set as follows in relation to the aforementioned objectives of this study:
1. What are the conflicts and difficulties that fathers of children with disabilities experience while raising their children?
2. What are the positive changes that fathers of children with disabilities experience while raising their children?
In order to investigate the above issues, three individual in-depth interviews were conducted with four fathers of children with disabilities from March 18 to April 17, 2014. In addition to the interviews, various information were gathered both by interviewing the teachers and the director of the kindergarten that the subject children were attending and reviewing other relevant resources. Such gathered data were analyzed through coding and classifying using the constant comparison method, a method comprised of open-coding, categorizations and confirmation of categories. The findings of this study are as follows.
First, the conflicts and difficulties that fathers of children with disabilities experience while raising their children can be categorized into internal conflicts and difficulties that arise from their inner selves and external conflicts and difficulties that they experience while interacting with others and the surrounding environment. The fathers expressed internal conflicts and difficulties such as ‘shock, denial, confusion, guilt, anxiety and frustration’ that they experience in their everyday lives while raising their children before and after their children were diagnosed with disabilities. On the other hand, external conflicts and difficulties can be categorized into the following four types: conflicts and difficulties in relationship-building with their children with disabilities, physical conflicts and difficulties, conflicts and difficulties in family relationship, and social conflicts and difficulties. Physical conflicts and difficulties, comprised of economic/physical burden as well as time constraints, included ‘increased medical and education fees, physical fatigue resulting from responsibilities both at workplace and home, and their non-exisitng leisure time.’ Conflicts and difficulties in family relationship meant ‘feeling apologetic toward their children with disabilities, frequent arguing with their wives and hurt feelings caused by their parents and siblings.’ Finally, social conflicts and difficulties included ‘conflicts with their work, limited and passive interpersonal relationship, distrust for organizations and professionals, and social apathy and prejudice.’
Second, after observing the positive changes that the fathers exhibited while raising their of children with disabilities, such changes were also categorizable into changes that the fathers experience internally and those that the fathers experience externally in their interaction with others and surrounding environment. The internal positive changes included ‘personal development through self-reflection, genuine understanding of their children with disabilities and the resulting joy, a sense of responsibility as a father and realization of the true value of life.’ The external positive changes meant ‘feeling of gratitude towards family members, empathy and gratitude towards others and caring for the socially weak.’
Hopefully, the above findings can be used to enhance the understanding of fathers of children with disabilities among educators and professionals in the field of education. Furthermore, this study can serve as a foundational work that can be utilized in promoting support programs that may lessen the burden and difficulties experienced by fathers of children with disabilities while emphasizing their positive experiences so that their quality of life may be elevated.