This study is focused on seeking a new paradigm through economic independence of the world of culture and art, by recognizing the increasing voice of concern that the gap between the rich and the poor in culture and art, and culture and art populism a...
This study is focused on seeking a new paradigm through economic independence of the world of culture and art, by recognizing the increasing voice of concern that the gap between the rich and the poor in culture and art, and culture and art populism as the current issue might damage creativity and diversity of art.
First, in terms of cooperatives as a means for economic independence, this study examined the background and significance of the Framework Act on Cooperatives enacted in 2012, based on the theoretical consideration, and the economic independence methods of the cultural and art world through foundation of cooperatives and significance.
Then, this study considered the roles of cooperatives for communication between social classes as a field for exchange and enjoyment where 'conversation among different voices takes place', breaking away from the economic democratization and culture and art populism that are being highlighted as hot issues in our society.
This social space where we live and breathe together, is the base for cultural and artistic activities. Society affects the contents of culture and art, and culture and art provide the foundation for shared values in the society, at the same time. Culture and art are extremely important media to express and represent the life of mankind.
As stated above, society is closely associated with culture and art. However, the rapid economic growth of the capitalistic society and the loss of humanity caused by it imply that our society needs to pay deep attention to culture and art.
This study aims to look into the present state of culture and art cooperatives in foreign countries and Korea and management method, and to suggest the possibility of bringing a new paradigm to the present world of culture and art.
Of course, the existing case studies have insisted that the government's role was crucial for establishing the direction of culture and art cooperatives, but this study recognized the necessity for more studies on problems of current cooperatives and social recognition. Moreover, this study confined the analysis to the field of culture and art, as a lot of studies have been focused on the cases of cooperatives in other fields.
(The results are as follows.)
Firstly, there should be diversified public support for building of ecological system and development of business models to revitalize culture and art cooperatives. Cooperatives need to make active use of diverse support systems of the government and local governments, and strengthen cooperation and collaboration with social groups of citizens, environmental organizations, non-profit organizations and social welfare centers in communities.
Secondly, it is required to provide a boost for management and foundation of culture and art cooperatives by developing professional manpower and supporting it. The recognition of the fact that there are a lot of so-called special employment workers in the field of culture and art can serve as a good foundation for organization of cooperatives. In addition, the perception for the importance of lifelong education and re-education would help to develop professional manpower.
Thirdly, cooperative is able to be formed in almost every field of human activity, and has been the most basic and humane economic activity since the beginning of community life of mankind. Accordingly, the effectivation of the Fundamental Act on Cooperatives enables culture and art communities to create value enterprises where realize human cooperative spirit, and they are being regarded as model cases to settle the inequality between social classes.
The results of the study displayed that countries suffering global economic depression are joining the revitalization of cooperatives, and began to have new understanding of the roles of cooperatives in relieving poverty, creating jobs, remedying the weakness of capitalism and making a contribution to the recovery from the crisis as valuable enterprise models.
In order to solve the gap between the rich and the poor in culture and art, currently, a variety of cultural and artistic jobs are being created, and businesses in new fields are being founded. In relation to the identity of the culture and art world resulting from culture and art populism, also, the government has to improve and expand information and the Fundamental Act on cooperatives to give them a chance to be free from being used politically by the powerful and be economically independent.
Furthermore, collaboration with various forms of cooperatives and the fields irrelevant to culture and art would highly influence the change in the types of Korean enterprises by bringing new types of cooperatives.