유아의 기질, 유아와 어머니간 기질 조화적합성에 따른 또래 상호작용에 관한 연구

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

ABSTRACT

A study on peer interaction according to child's temperament and goodness of fit in child-mother temperament


Yu Ji-nam
Major in Early Childhood Education
Graduate School of Education
Incheon National University


The purpose of this study is to examine the relative influence upon the relationship among the temperament, which is child's internal variable, the goodness of fit in child-mother temperament, and the peer interaction, which are social variables(gender, birth order).
To examine this, it widely distributed questionnaire to mothers and homeroom teachers of children at Western age 3 who are attending child care centers and kindergartens where are located in Gyeongin area, and then used 313 copies(boy children:154, girl children:159). The child's temperament was used a tool that Park Jae-yun(2013) modified and used Seo Ju-hyeon(2009)'s tool that reconstructed DOTS-R(Revised Dimensions of Temperament Survey). The goodness of fit in child-mother temperament was used the scale for goodness of fit by Seo Ju-hyeon(2009) based on DOTS-R. The peer interaction was used the scale that Choe Hye-yeong(2004) selected and adapted the contents of corresponding to peer interaction behavior among items of PIPPS. The collected data were used SPSS WIN 21.0 program. To verify reliability of each test tool, Cronbach's α was obtained. For general characteristics of children and mothers as the research subjects, the descriptive statistics were carried out. To examine whether there is difference in child's temperament, the goodness of fit in child-mother temperament, and peer interaction according to children's socio-demographic variables, t-test and ANOVA were carried out. To figure out correlation among the child's temperament, the goodness of fit in child-mother temperament, and the peer interaction, Pearson's correlation analysis was carried out. To examine the influence upon children's socio-demographic variables, the child's temperament, the goodness of fit in child-mother temperament, and the child's peer interaction, the stage choice of multiple regression analysis was carried out.

Summarizing the main results according to problems of this study, they are as follows.

First, as a result of examining whether there is difference in child's temperament, goodness of fit in child-mother temperament, and peer interaction according to children's socio-demographic variables(gender, birth order), the child's gender and the goodness of fit in child-mother temperament had a little difference in each of the sub-spheres, but weren't shown statistically significant difference. The child's peer interaction was shown that the girl children have more positive interaction than boy children and that boy children have more negative interaction than girl children. And the child's temperament and peer interaction weren't shown difference according to the child's birth order. According to the goodness of fit in child-mother temperament, the only child was indicated to form dissonance by receiving a demand for commitment from mother than a child with other birth order.
Second, as a result of examining relationship among child's temperament, goodness of fit in child-mother temperament, and peer interaction, the adaptability out of the child's temperament showed positive relationship with positive and negative peer interaction. Activity showed positive relationship with negative peer interaction. In the goodness of fit in child-mother temperament, the adjustive goodness of fit showed the negative correlation with positive peer interaction, and the positive relationship with negative peer interaction.
Third, as a result of examining the influence in the child's socio-demographic variables and the goodness of fit in child-mother temperament upon the child's peer interaction, the variables of influencing the positive peer interaction were shown to be the child's gender and the adaptability in the child's temperament. The variables of influencing the negative peer interaction were indicated to be the child's gender and the activity in the child's temperament. In conclusion, it was indicated that the more in girl child as gender and the higher in adaptive temperament lead to the higher positive peer interaction and that the more in boy child and the higher in active temperament lead to the higher negative peer interaction.
Through this study, the child's gender and temperament have influence upon peer interaction. The significant influence failed to be confirmed upon the goodness of fit in child-mother temperament. However, a fact was confirmed that some of the sub-spheres have relationship with peer interaction. The results of this study will offer in-depth information related to understanding child's peer relationship and further to child's social development.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목 차
• Ⅰ. 서 론 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 1
• 2. 연구의 목적 5
• 3. 연구문제 5
• 4. 용어의 정의 6
• 1) 기질 6
• 2) 기질 조화적합성 6
• 3) 또래와의 상호작용 7
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 8
• 1. 유아의 기질 8
• 1) 기질의 정의 8
• 2) 기질의 유형과 관련 연구 11
• 2. 조화적합성 13
• 1) 조화적합성 개념 13
• 2) 조화적합성의 연구 14
• 3. 또래 상호작용 16
• 1) 또래 상호작용의 정의 및 특성 16
• 2) 또래 상호작용의 연구 18
• Ⅲ. 연구방법 21
• 1. 연구대상 21
• 2. 연구도구 23
• 1) 유아 기질 검사 23
• 2) 유아-어머니 간 조화적합성 검사 24
• 3) 또래 상호작용 검사 25
• 3. 연구의 절차 27
• 1) 예비 조사 27
• 2) 본 조사 27
• 4. 자료처리 28
• Ⅳ. 연구결과 및 해석 29
• 1. 유아의 사회 인구학적 변인에 따른 유아의 기질, 유아-어머니간 기질 조화적합성, 또래 상호작용의 차이 30
• 1) 유아의 성별에 따른 유아의 기질, 유아-어머니간 기질 조화적합성, 또래 상호작용의 차이 30
• 2) 유아의 출생순위에 따른 유아의 기질, 유아-어머니간 기질 조화적합성, 또래 상호작용의 차이 34
• 2. 유아의 기질, 유아-어머니간 기질 조화적합성, 또래 상호작용간의 상관 관계 37
• 3. 유아의 사회 인구학적 변인, 기질, 유아-어머니 간 기질 조화적합성이 또래 상호작용에 미치는 상대적 영향력 40
• Ⅴ. 논의 및 결론 44
• 1. 결과 및 논의 44
• 2. 의의 및 제언 49
• ※ 참 고 문 헌 51
• ※ ABSTRACT 59
• ※ 부 록 63