Today’s consumer information environment is called multichannel environment due to the huge number of information channels and its diverseness in type. Under the multichannel environment, not only business firms, but also consumers can participate i...
Today’s consumer information environment is called multichannel environment due to the huge number of information channels and its diverseness in type. Under the multichannel environment, not only business firms, but also consumers can participate in producing and diffusing information, hence providing lots of information available for consumers. The main issue here is not ‘to get information as much as possible’, but ‘to get the right and trustworthy information’. Consumers have to pay more attention to get the right information than before, and during the process they may experience consumer confusion that disturbs information search efficiency due to complex information channel and information attributes. Even though consumer confusion is a concept internalized generally by consumers under the multichannel environment, however, researches had not paid attention to confusion in the information search process, only emphasizing confusion in the moment of product choice.
This study was conducted to understand consumers’ information search process and consumer confusion under the multichannel environment. Consumer confusion during information search (information confusion) and confusion during the product choice (choice confusion) were separately analyzed. Data were collected from in-depth interviews and online questionnaire survey. To get the data on information search process and the contents of consumer confusion during the search process, 7 interviewees did face-to-face in-depth interviews. Based on these interviews online questionnaire was conducted, and 581 adult consumers who are over 20 year old participated in this survey. Collected data were analyzed by K-mean cluster, confirmative factor analysis, and ANOVA using SPSS17.0 and AMOS18.0.
Main results are as follows: First, consumers utilize information channels in various ways to search information. Average number of channels they used was 11.03, and the channel they utilized the most was online shopping mall and the channel they trusted the most was friends, neighbors, and consumer review of online community. Consumers tend to continuously search information even when they did not have anything to buy, and they had somewhat confidence of their own searching ability. According to their channel using behavior and information search style, consumers were divided into four groups: search maven(29.3%), passive earcher(27.2%), offline searcher(18.9%), multichannel user(24.6%).
Second, most consumers were found to experience consumer confusion to some extent, which the level of information confusion was a little higher than the level of choice confusion. In case of information confusion, repetition confusion score was the highest, second was distrust confusion, and the third was overload confusion. In case of choice confusion, ambiguity confusion score was the highest, second was excess confusion, and the next was similarity confusion. All three types of information confusion were significantly positively related with three types of choice confusion, and especially distrust confusion was positively related with choice confusion the most.
Third, the level of consumer confusion was different by each consumer search type. Both information confusion and choice confusion level were the highest among multichannel user group and the lowest among passive searcher group. Multichannel user group relatively tend to delay their purchase and tried to get more information, while passive searcher group tend to buy a product without additional search or give up the purchase. Based on the research results, consumer confusion reducing strategies from the perspective of business, government and consumers were proposed.