Old apartment houses, unlike new ones, cause inconvenience in welfare including culture, education, life sport, health, and community facilities for residents. And, as apartment houses became smaller in size because of residents’ demand for better q...
Old apartment houses, unlike new ones, cause inconvenience in welfare including culture, education, life sport, health, and community facilities for residents. And, as apartment houses became smaller in size because of residents’ demand for better quality of life and changing lifestyle through various accessible community facilities, construction companies supply buildings for this purpose and the house market also increasingly deals with small-size houses, which seems to have been influenced by increasing number of 1- or 2-person household and aging population, real estate market stagnation, and increase of nuclear families. The house supply system leads to change in household sizes. Therefore, it is necessary to consider expansion and improvement of various community facilities according to changing lifestyle, change of unit space, and preference for environmentally-friendly complex in order to improve quality of life.
For it, in this study, planning factors for environmental-friendliness, complex, housing block and housing unit, and energy saving were derived through theories relating to apartment houses, and, based on these factors, a performance improvement guideline was suggested to improve the performance of apartment house remodeling. Also, the study suggested plans for remodeling performance improvement, approach, direction, and use regarding physical, functional, social, economic, and environmental factors, with respect to increase of 1- or 2-person households, aging population, and nuclear families.
The study can be summarized as follow:
First, based on architecture theory, the first level main category elements, environmental-friendliness, complex, housing block, housing unit, and energy saving, and the second level medium category were reviewed while suggesting the framework of cohort study of apartment house remodeling.
Second, based on previous studies of apartment house remodeling, characteristics of planning factors according to the time of remodeling were examined, and, based on case complexes of apartment house remodeling, relevant elements were divided into 5 small categories. For the main contents included planning of sunlight, lighting, trail, green space, in an environmentally-friendly aspect, and, securement of parking and green space using deck, and planning of resident facilities using pilotis at the complex level. As for housing block, horizontal expansion and vertical addition were derived as remodeling planning factors, and, for housing unit, change of the fa?ade from 3 bay to 2 bay, insulator reinforcement, and ventilation system.
Third, analysis result of the survey conducted with experts showed that performance improvement is most needed regarding green and water space installation in the complex; moving the ground parking lot to the underground; change of the form of housing block; change of the size and actual area of each room in housing unit; and reduction of energy load caused by arrangement plan. In addition, opinions on the direction of apartment house remodeling and planning were collected and added to the planning factors, and suggestions for performance improvement were made accordingly.
Fourth, as a plan for performance improvement of apartment house remodeling, the main element of remodeling plan is preference for refreshing complex by activation of green space within the complex, and, for it, plan according to the classification of planning factors and performance improvement guideline were suggested to help performance improvement of remodeling in the future. Considering the increase of 1- or 2-persoon households and elderly population, the plan suggested reduction of housing unit, adjustment of floor height, and division and integration of households at the housing block level, rather than expansion for extension.
Fifth, based on the main category elements, which were classified from remodeling planning factors for old apartment houses, that is, environmental-friendliness, complex, housing block, housing unit, and energy saving, and medium and small categories, an integrated management system was suggested for housing index, environmentally-friendly remodeling, and web-based apartment house performance evaluation.
Given the results of the study, unlike in new construction, remodeling plan of old apartment houses for performance improvement will need to actively adopt convenience for residents by using environmentally-friendly elements; pilotis for right to light of the households living in lower floors; fa?ade bay expansion of each housing unit according to horizontal extension; space using the variable wall within the housing unit; and solar power system. Also, there should be performance standards for more detail items in order to perform specific remodeling, and improvement of remodeling regarding environmental-friendliness, complex, housing block, housing unit, and energy saving, with community facilities for the residents’ life rather than investment.
Lastly, future study will need to deal with performance improvement relating to physical performance deterioration and social and economic improvement, which have not been dealt with in this study. Also, as supplementation of deregulation and financial support for active remodeling, a more in-depth approach to improving old apartment house remodeling according to decreasing population, aging population, and increasing number of 1- or 2-person households, as well as budget for remodeling that can activate various community facilities. In addition, if the remodeling system is improved for quality of life rather than economic profit, based on relaxation of relevant laws, remodeled old apartment houses will settle as a housing culture.