The purpose of the study was to investigate consumer behavioral intention and satisfaction formation process of not only exhibitions (corporate consumers) but also visitors (common consumers), and to examine their experience from different points of v...
The purpose of the study was to investigate consumer behavioral intention and satisfaction formation process of not only exhibitions (corporate consumers) but also visitors (common consumers), and to examine their experience from different points of view and to
investigate consumers' satisfaction formation process based on antecedent variables of consumer satisfaction decision such as information retrieval, expectation, performance and emotion (positive emotion & negative emotion), and to investigate effects of antecedent
variables upon consumer satisfaction decision and behavioral intention after satisfaction, and to understand satisfaction formation process at optimum satisfaction level. And, the purpose of the study was to elevate exhibition business' customer service competitiveness and to let more exhibitors and visitors participate in the exhibition and promote exhibition business and to give theoretical and practical implications.
Not only literature review and empirical investigation was used and not only hypotheses but also research models were made by literature review. Questionnaire survey was done by using preliminary investigation as well as main investigation. Preliminary investigation was done at COEX, Seoul from August 18, 2011 to August 20, 2011 where the 8th term good quality livestock product festival was opened. 50 copies of the questionnaire were used after
making correction and supplementing contents. The study
investigated exhibitors and visitors at Seoul Seafood Exhibition from April 19, 2012 to April 21, 2012. Sampling method was used. Not only 168 copies (84%) of the questionnaire of exhibitors but also 366 copies (92%) of the questionnaire of visitors were used.
Not only SPSS 12.0 for Window but also AMOS 7.0 was used. And, frequency analysis, Cronbach's α, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, correlation analysis and structural equation model analysis were done. The study tested variables by using reliable and appropriate scales, and suitability of the models were found to be relatively good and the models were found to be
significant.
The findings were as follow:
First, the study suggested comprehensive model, that is to say, retrieval, expectation, performance, emotion (positive emotion and negative emotion), satisfactions and consumer behavior in order, and it examined a series of processes that not only exhibitors but also visitors could experience.
Second, evaluation result was affected by order of emotion
experience and relationship of emotion factors when exhibitors experienced various kinds of emotion (Lau-Gesk, 2005). Therefore, investigation into relation between positive emotion and negative emotion that exhibitors experienced at formation process of satisfactions and dissatisfactions at the same time was thought to be
meaningful.
Third, a hypothesis that exhibitors' expectation and performance could have significant influence upon positive and negative emotion was used: The study adopted expectation and rejected performance.
Being consumers and suppliers, the exhibitors participated in the exhibition to sell and to raise business images and to follow business practice.
Fourth, visitors' expectation and performance could have signifiant influence upon positive and negative emotion. The study rejected expectation and adopted performance. The visitors' expectation factors did not have influence upon either positive emotion or negative emotion, and their performance factors had influence upon positive emotion and negative emotion. Therefore, the visitors' performance after exhibition was much influenced by emotion, and
their emotion made change much by performance after participation.
Fifth, a hypothesis that satisfactions of not only exhibitors but also visitors would have significantly negative influence upon complain behavior was adopted: Not only satisfaction but also dissatisfaction existed at the same time, and satisfaction did not always produce affirmative post behavior, and dissatisfaction did not always produce
negative post behavior.
Sixth, a hypothesis that complaint behavior of both exhibitors and visitors would have significantly negative influence upon behavior intention was used: This study adopted exhibitors and rejected visitors. The complaint behavior had positive influence upon revisit and/or recommendations, and satisfactions did not always create
revisit and/or buying (Fishbein(1963)).
Seventh, this study investigated both exhibitors and visitors to find out decision variables and examined effects of satisfaction upon another consumer's behavior variable: An approach including all of consumer satisfaction theories was thought to be important to investigate.
Lastly, this study investigated behavioral intention before participation, attitude formation during participation and behavior intention after participation by using participants' satisfaction formation process to find out predictors and dependent variables for successful opening of the
exhibition: The exhibition organizer should play his role of marketing manager and understand effective layout of display area, market survey, advertisement, public relations and other areas to make marketing strategies that could satisfy not only exhibitors but also visitors.
This study had limitations: This study examined exhibition of consumption goods so that different types of exhibitions might have another effect relations to be difficult to generalize, and questionnaire survey was done to collect material so that respondents' subjective rating could not reflect actual perception. And, the respondents might have
attitude toward exhibition by past participation experience to have influence upon many questions at responding time and to give answer at specific time by cross-sectional study, and to be difficult to reach a conclusion.
Therefore, longitudinal study should be done in the future to
generalize research and to describe casual relations between predictors and dependent variables.