Obviously, our society has rapidly changed to a multi-cultural society. In this present process of social change, the ministry of gender equal and family provides a visiting service for multi-cultural families who have some difficulties or obstacles ...
Obviously, our society has rapidly changed to a multi-cultural society. In this present process of social change, the ministry of gender equal and family provides a visiting service for multi-cultural families who have some difficulties or obstacles to visit the center for multi-cultural families in order to meet the needs of these families. This service is to help these families to socially stabilize as a part of society. Thus, this study is an attempt to explore the impact of working environment of visiting instructor on the empowerment for multi-cultural families and is to prove the relationship between the mediating effect of job stress and the empowerment. In this light, this study aims to provide some inevitable and necessary foundational data for reinforcing the empowerment of visiting instructor in order to essentially improve the quality and effectiveness of this governmental service.
To accomplish this goal, this study selected eighteen multi-cultural service centers which locate near to the capital city due to each center serves relatively a large populations of multi-cultural families, and took a survey from visiting instructor from these centers between April 30, 2012 and May 21, 2012 and then collected 286 survey forms. It used SPSS WIN 15.0 program for analyzing data, and the following is a list of tests used in this research: t-test,One-way ANOVA, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, Baron, R. M & D. A. Kenny's(1986) The three-step mediated regression analysis. The conclusive consequences from the research are following:
First, it testified that the working environment, job stress and empowerment are clearly interrelated and influenced on each other's variable. Second, as this project investigated how the working environment impacts on the empowerment, it found that job characteristics and organizational characteristics compensation system and reciprocal relationship effects the empowerment, and the order of explanatory power, which explains a dependent variable, is following: compensation system (47.2%), variety of function, the importance of task, and reciprocal relationship. Third, as this project explored the impact of working environment on job stress, it showed that job characteristics and organizational commitment's compensation system and the development of education negatively effects on job stress, and the order of explanatory power, which explains a dependent variable, is following: compensation system (26.5%), the importance of work, variety of function, and education and development. It also pointed out that the reciprocal relationship of job characteristics has impacted on it, but statistically, it is not significantly impacted.
Fourth, this project indicated that job stress causes the empowerment of visiting instructors in a negative way, and its explanatory power was 29.7%.
Fifth, in the relationship between the working environment and the empowerment which relates with job stress as a mediating effect, this project claimed that variety of function which is a lower factor of job characteristics and the importance of task was statistically meaningful but partial effect; however, reciprocal relationship was not meaningful mediating effect.
Sixth, after analyzing the difference of empowerment in the light of socio-demographic factor, the project confirmed that the state of marriage, the forms of religion, the age, and the duration of work did make a difference. But, the forms of activity, the place of work, and the level of education were not statistically meaningful difference. In the case of analyzing the difference of empowerment for multi-cultural families, the project showed that the nationality, the forms of religion, the level of education (F=8.417.p<.001),the number of child, the state of economic made a difference. However, the age, the years of marriage, and family relationship were not statistically significant.
As showing the consequences of the project the above, it implies that as the part of working environment, the conditions of job characteristics and organizational commitment are needed to be elaborated in order to improve the empowerment of visiting instructor. In so doing, first of all, it should encourage him or her to use one's various skills and capacities at work and provide a better working environment in order for them to recognize the importance of one's task. Furthermore, at the corporate level, it should have a compensation or rewarding system and provides an opportunity for the education and developing skills in order to increase both levels of job satisfaction and commitment to the organization. Moreover, it also needs to find and create some significant ways of reducing job related stresses both at the personal and collective level.
Insofar as the studies on the empowerment, there were various attempts on the empowerment; however, the scholarly work on the empowerment which relates to visiting instructor with its distinctive works in the light of multi-cultural families is not much work to be done so far. Thus, the most significant aspect of this study is that this study provides a comprehensive analysis of the empowerment of visiting instructor with multi-cultural families.
More specifically, it provided the foundational and significant data for identifying different levels needed to be applied for the socio-demographic factor of visiting instructor and the characteristics of multi-cultural families in order to effectively manage the control of human capital. It also confirmed that the working environment of the visiting instructor who serves for multi-cultural families is an effecting variable to the empowerment so that it needs to be improved or elaborated. Moreover, it concluded that the job stress played a significant mediating effect on the relationship between the working environment and empowerment.
Therefore, in order for the visiting instructor to serve and work effectively and positively for the sake of multi-cultural families, it needs to create a platform or the environment for developing various skills and some systematic and constructive plans and practices for improving the visiting instructor's empowerment level. In this light of argument, this study can be used as an important resource and criteria for the enhancement of the empowerment of visiting instructor and the practical strategy for reinforcing the visiting instructor's level of empowerment.