시민의 자율방범대 참여에 미치는 영향요인 = A Study on Influencing Factors to the Participation of the Crime Prevention Activities

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Today's crime prevention and law enforcement are the core activities of the police. If citizen do not participate and cooperate, the police cannot achieve their own unique efforts and purpose.
Police Service which called co-production of citizens suggest that there is a representative organization, voluntary crime prevention group. Which consists of the voluntary participation of citizens and voluntary crime prevention group to reduce the fear of crime and crime itself.
Previous studies related to voluntary crime prevention group were shown such positive results and thus to enable to prevent crime and improve the quality of police services.
To activate a citizen watch program and sustain participation of the citizens are important so, it is necessary to know the factors what influence self-involvement and continuing willingness.
Research results on participation rate and participation persistence of voluntary crime prevention group are summarized as follows.
First, examination of demographic characteristics related to differences in crime, police, region and motive indicate gender is significantly correlated with fear of crime, and interest in crime prevention activities is significantly correlated with age, employment and residence.
Examination of police related factors indicate perception of COP vitalization is significantly correlated with income. Difference was especially significant between middle-class and low-class households, indicating that middle-class households are more aware of COP vitalization. On satisfaction of police activities, gender and education level have significant correlations. In case of gender, females compared to males have lower satisfaction of police activities, and in case of education level, people with higher level of education have greater satisfaction of police activities.
Among region-related factors, results show regional network has significant differences in income levels, and physical degradation of the region has significant differences in gender, income levels, residence.
Second, analysis of voluntary crime prevention group participation rate based on demographic characteristics indicate education level and residence are significant factors.
Third, analysis results of factors that influence voluntary crime prevention group participation rate show among crime related factors, fear of crime and interest in crime prevention activities all influence participation in voluntary crime prevention group.
Among police related factors, only perception of COP vitalization had statistically significant influence. Also, the results indicate psychological factors like regional network rather than physical factors such as physical degredation and residence have greater influence over regional volunteer activity such as voluntary crime prevention group.
Motivation related factors show social volunteering, return service, network formation(networking) all have significant influence, and among positive correlations, social volunteering has greater impact than network formation.
Fourth, examination of persistence of voluntary crime prevention group participation willingness show higher the interest in crime prevention activities and higher the though that community policing is active, higher the persistence of participation willingness. Also, regional physical degradation and regional network have positive correlations, and motivation related factors also have high impact on persistence of participation willingness.
Based on these findings, the following policies are proposed as measures to vitalize voluntary crime prevention group.
First, results indicate two crime related factors, which are fear of crime and interest in crime prevention activities, all have significant influence. Thus, the problem of fear of crime needs to be addressed, and efforts are needed to increase interest in crime prevention activities.
Second, results show trust on police have significant impact on participation rate and persistence of participation willingness. A large portion of police activities rely on the local citizens, so crime prevention and crime reaction activities would fail without trust of the citizens. This kind of trust is needed for relations between the police and the locals to improve. In order to enhance trust of locals on police, police activities need to be transparent, and foot-patrol and bicycle-patrol need to be vitalized for positive contact with police and locals.
Third, strengthening the sense of responsibility over the local community and increasing community solidarity are needed. First, local community programs for the poor and vulnerable minorities are needed to increase community solidarity. Also, diversification of community activities is needed to expand interactions between community members.
Fourth, according to results on motivation related factors and citizen participation, people participate for various motivations, and the motivation behind participation are shown to have significant impact on participation willingness. Social volunteering, network formation and return service factors are especially significant. To vitalize these kinds of motivations, incentives need to be diversified, emotional aspects of the need to participate need to be emphasized and discriminatory management based on level of participation is needed.
Lastly, voluntary crime prevention group vitalization measures are as follows.
First, voluntary crime prevention group participants need to be bolstered in numbers. voluntary crime prevention group is operated by volunteer work by participation of locals. This characteristic of voluntary crime prevention group indicates participation of locals has the most significant impact on voluntary crime prevention group.
Second, legislation of laws on voluntary crime prevention group is needed.
Third, training programs are needed for voluntary crime prevention group participants.
Hopefully, these vitalization measures based on different factors are successful and ultimately facilitate vitlization of overall crime prevention activities. On a last note, this research is meaningful in that it’s the first time motivation related factors are set as independent variables to examine their causality in citizen participation of voluntary crime prevention group, and that factors influencing persistence of participation willingness is examined in addition to participation factors.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제1장 서론 = 1
• 제1절 연구의 목적 = 1
• 제2절 연구의 범위 및 방법 = 5
• 1. 연구의 범위 = 5
• 2. 연구의 방법 = 6
• 제2장 연구의 이론적 배경 = 9
• 제1절 자율방범대와 시민참여 = 9
• 1. 자율방범대 = 9
• 2. 시민참여 = 15
• 제2절 자율방범대 시민참여 관련 이론 = 28
• 1. 자율방범대 관련 이론 = 28
• 2. 시민참여 관련 이론 = 33
• 제3절 선행연구의 검토 = 41
• 1. 자율방범대에 관한 선행연구 = 43
• 2. 시민의 경찰활동 참여에 관한 선행연구 = 44
• 3. 시민의 자율방범대 참여요인에 관한 선행연구 = 46
• 제3장 연구의 설계 및 분석방법 = 68
• 제1절 연구의 설계 = 68
• 1. 연구의 모형 = 68
• 2. 연구의 문제 = 69
• 3. 설문지 구성 및 측정지표 = 70
• 제2절 자료의 수집과 분석방법 = 82
• 1. 자료의 수집 = 82
• 2. 분석방법 = 84
• 제4장 연구결과의 분석 및 논의 = 86
• 제1절 연구대상자의 일반적 특성 및 측정지표의 타당도와 신뢰도 검증 = 86
• 1. 연구대상자의 일반적 특성 = 86
• 2. 측정지표의 타당도와 신뢰도 검증 = 89
• 제2절 연구결과의 분석과 논의 = 95
• 1. 인구사회학적 특성에 따른 주요변수의 차이 분석과 논의 = 95
• 2. 자율방범대 참여정도 영향요인에 관한 분석과 논의 = 122
• 3. 자율방범대 참여지속 의지 영향요인에 관한 분석과 논의 = 141
• 4. 연구문제 검증결과 = 156
• 제5장 결론 및 정책적 제언 = 159
• 參 考 文 獻 = 173
• ABSTRACT = 192
• 설문지 = 198