민경 협력치안이 지역경찰의 사기에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 = A Study on the Effect of Cooperative Policing on the Morale of the Community Policing Officer

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The traditional policing model in which the police force is the only one producer of public service has been reaching the limit with the rapid social development. A typical example of the changed policing paradigm is the cooperative policing model. The private section and citizens are being up and working as co-producers of keeping pubic order and peace. The cooperative policing supplements the police force, realizes democracy by participating in policing, and corresponds with the customer satisfaction administration.
This research starts with the question, that is "what is the meaning of cooperative policing on the street level officers of community policing", and "how cooperative policing affects on the morale of community policing officers". This thesis will explain the relation between cooperative policing and morale of community policing officers through empirical analysis, and aims to suggest the ideal alternative of cooperative policing.
To achieve the purpose of the study, the dependent variables measured by this study consisted of the structural factors and the activation factors of cooperative policing. The components of the structural factors are the network structure and the communication process in cooperative policing. The activation factors involved how citizens and private section participated in policing and how they interacted with police force
The main hypotheses of this study follow. First, the good structure of cooperative policing will improve the morale of community policing officers. Second, the vitalized activation factors of cooperative policing will improve the morale of community policing officers. Third, there will be a difference of the relative influence between the structural factors and the activation factors of cooperative policing.
To verify the above hypotheses, the survey was conducted and analyzed. The object of the study focused on the community policing officers in Seoul. The main results of the research are following.
First, average analysis by sociology population groups showed a difference of perception, especially based on the rank and their tenure of office. The analysis displayed the difference of the level of participation in cooperative policing and interaction with citizen and private sector. The constable had the highest level of participation and interaction, on the other hand the senior inspector and the higher level officers had the lowest level of participation and interaction on cooperative policing. Their tenure of office is also variation factor. Those who have been working for less than 10 years have the highest point of participation level. Those who have been working for longer period show the low level of participation.
Second, regression analysis was conducted to see how the structural factors of cooperative policing affects on the morale of community policing officers. The results of analysis supported the part of the first hypothesis by verifying that the network structure had the positive correlation with the morale of community policing officers, but the communication process did not show significant correlation. This analysis could be understood that capability of the components of cooperative policing - police officer, citizen group and private security - and good cooperation system would improve the morale of community policing officers.
Third, to analyze the relation between the activation factors of cooperative policing and the morale of community policing officers, the multiple regression analysis was conducted. The results showed that the level of participation had the significant correlation. This analysis suggested that voluntary participation, motivation, and passion of participant had an affirmative influence on the morale of community policing officers.
Fourth, the results of the multiple regression and hierarchical regression which could show the influence and correlation between the structural factors and the activation factors of cooperative policing verified that the level of participation, the network structure and the level of interaction had sequentially the influence on the morale of community policing officers. Especially, the analysis showed that the parts of the interaction factors - the interchange of material resources(t value : -2.897) and decline of work lord of community policing officers (t value : -2.527) - had a bad influence on the morale of community policing officers. As a result, this means that the way to interchange resources between police and private sectors have some problem and cooperative policing could not lighten the work load of community policing officers.
This thesis suggested the policy alternatives of cooperative policing to improve the morale of community police officers and the service of public order and peace, based on the results of the analysis.
First, viewed from the network structure of cooperative policing, capability of cooperative policing should be reinforced. Establishment of network took central place by the community policing officers, legalization of supporting citizen's participation in policing, like voluntary citizen police, and building a solid infrastructure of training and education for private security sectors could be also considered as policy alternatives.
Second, to improve participation level on cooperative policing, this thesis suggested active public relationship and incentive system to participants.
Third, negative factors arisen during interactions should be neutralized. especially, instead of interchange of material resources, criminal information would be interacted with each other in cooperative policing and malfunctioning of private security system should be resolved
Others, for establishment of cooperative policing, empowering to the community policing officers could be a good policy alternative. And establishment of partnership between police force and private sectors also could be an option.
This thesis had the meaningful suggestions by studying cooperative policing related with the morale of the community policing officers who played the key role in cooperative policing from the view of themselves. And this study focused on the result that the interaction between private and public sectors could give a negative influence on the morale of the community policing officers and suggested the significant alternatives.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제 1 장 서론 = 1
• 제 1 절 연구의 목적 = 1
• 제 2 절 연구의 범위 및 방법 = 4
• 1. 연구의 범위 = 4
• 2. 연구의 방법 = 6
• 제 2 장 연구의 이론적 배경 = 9
• 제 1 절 민경 협력치안 이론 = 9
• 1. 민경 협력치안의 개념 및 구성요소 = 9
• 2. 지역사회 경찰활동 이론 = 21
• 3. 치안서비스의 공동생산 이론 = 27
• 4. 경찰 거버넌스 이론 = 37
• 제 2 절 경찰 사기관리 이론 = 47
• 1. 사기의 개념과 본질 = 47
• 2. 욕구 이론 = 51
• 3. 과정 이론 = 54
• 4. 경찰 사기영향요인 = 56
• 제 3 절 우리나라의 협력치안 현황 = 62
• 1. 지역주민 및 주민단체와의 협력 = 62
• 2. 민간경비와의 협력 = 69
• 3. 지역치안협의회와 안전도시 사업 = 71
• 제 4 절 선행연구의 검토 = 73
• 1. 협력치안에 관한 선행연구 = 73
• 2. 경찰의 사기에 관한 선행연구 = 77
• 3. 협력치안과 경찰의 사기와의 관계에 관한 선행연구 = 79
• 제 3 장 연구의 조사설계 = 82
• 제 1 절 연구의 분석모형과 가설 = 82
• 1. 연구의 분석모형 = 82
• 2. 가설의 설정 = 84
• 제 2 절 변수의 조작적 정의 및 설문의 구성 = 85
• 1. 변수의 조작적 정의 = 85
• 2. 설문의 구성 = 89
• 제 3 절 자료의 수집과 분석방법 = 93
• 1. 자료의 수집 = 93
• 2. 자료의 분석방법 = 94
• 제 4 장 조사결과의 분석 및 논의 = 97
• 제 1 절 설문조사 분석결과 = 97
• 1. 조사대상자의 인구사회학적 특성 = 97
• 2. 척도의 타당도 및 신뢰도 분석 = 101
• 3. 변수의 기초통계량 및 인구사회학적 특성별 평균차이 분석 = 108
• 4. 변수간의 상관관계 분석 = 114
• 제 2 절 가설의 검증 = 115
• 1. 협력치안 구조요인이 지역경찰의 사기에 미치는 영향력 검증 = 115
• 2. 협력치안 활성화요인이 지역경찰의 사기에 미치는 영향력 검증 = 121
• 3. 협력치안 구조요인과 활성화요인의 상대적 영향력 검증 = 129
• 제 3 절 논의 및 정책적 제언 = 135
• 1. 연구결과의 논의 = 135
• 2. 연구결과의 시사점 = 141
• 3. 민경 협력치안에 대한 정책적 제언 = 144
• 제 5 장 결론 = 156
• 참고문헌 = 162
• ABSTRACT = 173
• 부록 : 설문지 = 178