노인의 부부친밀감과 자녀에 대한 애착이 성공적 노화에 미치는 영향 = (The) Effect of Marital Intimacy and Attachment to Children on Successful Aging of the Elderly

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purposes of this study are to investigate the effect of marital intimacy and an attachment to children on successful aging of the elderly let alone look into the mediating effect of avoidance and anxiety attachment to children. This study also reviews the moderating effect of gender and age on a structural model.
509 elderly people who are over 60 years old, have a spouse and do not live with their children were considered for this study. The data was analyzed by SPSS 12.0 version for window and Amos program 7.0 version. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, covariance structural analysis and multiple group analysis were used as a statistic way.
The main findings through this study are as follows;
First, The following result shows whether there are any differences among marital intimacy, an attachment to their children and successful aging based on the gender and age. The difference of marital intimacy is statistically significant according to the gender while the differences of marital intimacy, an attachment to children and successful aging are not significant according to the age. Consequently, a male group is higher than a female group in marital intimacy.
Second, the study of the research model for the entire group shows some results as below. Marital intimacy and avoidance attachment to children without a subjective health and economic status affect successful aging and marital intimacy also influences on avoidance and anxiety attachment to children. Avoidance attachment to children partially mediates the effect of marital intimacy on successful aging. In addition, both the subjective health and the economic status affect marital intimacy.
Third, the study of the research model shows a difference according to the gender of the elderly. Marital intimacy and avoidance attachment to children without a subjective health and an economic status affect successful aging and marital intimacy only affects anxiety attachment to children in the male group. Therefore, avoidance and anxiety attachment to children do not mediate the effect of marital intimacy on successful aging. Besides that, both the subjective health and the economic status do not affect marital intimacy in the male group. Marital intimacy and avoidance attachment to children without a subjective health and an economic status affect successful aging and marital intimacy only affects anxiety attachment to children in the female group. Avoidance and anxiety attachment to children partially mediate the effect of marital intimacy on successful aging. The subjective health only affects marital intimacy.
Fourth, the study also identifies a difference in the research model according to the gender of the elderly. In case of the group consisting of the elderly who are under 75 years old, marital intimacy and avoidance attachment to children without a subjective health and an economic status affect successful aging and marital intimacy only affects anxiety attachment to children. Therefore, avoidance and anxiety attachment to children partially mediate the effect of marital intimacy on successful aging. Furthermore, both the subjective health and the economic status affect marital intimacy in the group under 75 years old. In case of the other group consisting of the elderly who are over 75 years old, marital intimacy and avoidance attachment to children without a subjective health and an economic status affect successful aging and marital intimacy affects both avoidance and anxiety attachment to children. Avoidance attachment to children partially mediates the effect of marital intimacy on successful aging. In addition, both the subjective health and the economic status do not affect marital intimacy in the group over 75.
Based on the above findings and conclusions through this study, four recommendations are as follows;
First, the effect of marital intimacy and the attachment to children on successful aging of the elderly is commonly accepted in all the groups while it just shows a difference in relative influence of variable elements. Successful aging is generally influenced by marital intimacy more than avoidance attachment to children, but in the group over 75, it is avoidance attachment to children that works as an important variable element while both the elements have the same effect in the elderly female group. Avoidance attachment to children works as an important element to effect on successful aging but anxiety attachment to children is not related with the result. Consequently, marital relations and relationship with children are significantly related to successful aging to elderly Koreans and especially, avoidance attachment works as an important part in relationship with children.
Second, According to results from the study for the effect of marital intimacy and attachment to children on successful aging of the elderly, satisfying marital relations reduce some aspects of anxiety and avoidance from relationship with children. Since the effect of marital intimacy on attachment to children is diverse considering gender and age, distinct features of each group based on gender and age should be regarded when the effect of family relations is covered with for successful aging of the elderly.
Third, in consequence of the study for the mediating effect on avoidance attachment to children, avoidance attachment to children partially mediates the effect of marital intimacy on successful aging which only appears in the elderly female group. Therefore, some curative involvement is needed to mediate avoidance attachment to children especially for elderly females.
Fourth, it is about the effect of the subjective health and the economic status on their marital intimacy in the group under 75. These two elements show a big difference based on gender and age, so it should be regarded for study to marital intimacy in elderly Koreans.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제1장 서 론 1
• 제1절 연구의 필요성 및 목적 1
• 제2절 연구문제 7
• 제3절 연구모형 8
• 제4절 용어정의 9
• 제2장 이론적 배경 10
• 제1절 성공적 노화의 개념 10
• 제2절 성공적 노화 영향변인 18
• 1. 성공적 노화에 영향을 미치는 제변인 18
• 2. 부부친밀감 22
• 3. 자녀에 대한 애착 23
• 제3절 부부친밀감과 자녀에 대한 애착 31
• 제3장 연구방법 34
• 제1절 연구대상 및 자료수집 절차 34
• 제2절 측정도구 36
• 제3절 자료분석 38
• 제4장 연구결과 39
• 제1절 부부친밀감, 자녀에 대한 애착 및 성공적 노화에 관한 기초분석 39
• 제2절 구조모형 검증 46
• 제3절 성별에 따른 모형검증 50
• 제4절 연령에 따른 모형검증 55
• 제5장 논의 및 결론 61
• 제1절 요약 및 논의 61
• 제2절 결론 및 제언 68
• 참고문헌 73
• 부록 1. 설문지 92
• Abstract 98