This study is investigating the formation period of the window(田) shaped road network, which was known as the remains of the Sabi dynasty. In 2000, there was a theory that the Kwanbuk-ri no.1 road network and the northern road network was the remain...
This study is investigating the formation period of the window(田) shaped road network, which was known as the remains of the Sabi dynasty. In 2000, there was a theory that the Kwanbuk-ri no.1 road network and the northern road network was the remains of the Sabi period, and with the road found afterwards, the Sabi dynasty roads were formed as a window shape. In 2007, the Kwanbuk-ri no.2 road network was measuring 360cheok(Korean foot) by the Namjo measurement. With this site and the Gua-ri․Kwanbuk-ri window shaped road network, it was named as the Gua-ri square section which was the remains of the Sabi capital city.
Though the analytical research of the Buyeo city maps of the Japanese colonial era, the roads of the 1910s in Buyeo were formed with 3rd class roads, narrow roads, and narrow paths, and could know that the window shaped roads were formed by the 3rd class roads in 1915 in Gua-ri and Kwanbuk-ri.
The formation time of the Buyeo 3rd class roads could be known though the site division systems and excavation studies. In 1915, the formations of the 3rd class roads were not found, but on January 1918, the forming process could be seen and in the 1918 maps the 3rd class road was inscribed. So the Yongjung-ri 3rd class roads were to widened as a newly constructed road. According to the excavation records of the 432 Gua-ri site, as there were no relics from the Sabi dynasty but from the Joseon dynasty, the 3rd class roads of the 432 Gua-ri site was confirmed as the road formed after the Joseon dynasty.
As the 3rd class road(newly constructed road) was formed, the land was divided and cut in Yongjung-ri, Kwanbuk-ri to Ssangbuk-ri, and 432 Gua-ri, and this was also found in other places like Donggodo-ri and Bonjung-ri in Iksan and Gongju. Also according to the maps from 1915 the sites in the 134-2 Gua-ri were cut by the 3rd class roads, but in 1918 map, the lands were settled by the 3rd class roads. The site formation by the newly constructed roads, analyzing the roads in Buyeo, the narrow roads and paths were formed around the land sites but the 3rd class roads were cutting the sites or sites were settled along the roads. As the result, the window shaped road network, which was formed with the 3rd class road in Gua-ri and Kwanbuk-ri, was formed after the Joseon dynasty before 1915.
As the 3rd class roads were formed, the city of Buyeo was also formed. As there were many government buildings such as the post office, town office, school, and district office in Gua-ri. It can be confirmed that the buildings were formed along the 3rd class roads as the land sites were formed along the 3rd class roads of all of the directions in Kwanbuk-ri site. It was found the Buyeo 3rd class road has a common development figure with the Gongju Bonjong-ri, Gongju Eein-ri, Gooryong Nonchi-ri, Hongsan Namchon and bukchon-ri in 1910. Especially as the city was formed in the Kwanbuk-ri area, the 3rd class road was blocking the water stream flowing from the southern stream of Mt Booso.
Analyzing the size of the Kwanbuk-ri no.1 and 2 and the northern road network, the northern were 612.3㎡ and 564.7㎡, the No.1 Kwanbuk-ri were 3418.79㎡ and 3014.40㎡, and the No.2 Kwanbuk-ri was 6812.74㎡. The width of the right side of the No.1 road network was averaging 5.90m, ranging from 5.7m to 6.7m, the left was ranging 6.0~6.5m, averaging 6.31m. The Kwanbuk-ri No.2 road was averaging 6.1m, ranging from 5.4 to 6.4m.
Analyzing the angle of the formation of the Kwanbuk-ri~Dongnam-ri 3rd class road, it was settled along the magnetic north direction. Having some possibilities of an original road on the 3rd class road, analyzing the angles of the road by diagonal, there was an inclination of 3° to the East and 1° to the West. It shows the difference with the theory that has an incline of 6~7° to the East according to the remains of the Baekjae dynasty in Kwanbuk-ri
Until 2010, the remains of the road from the Baekjae period were found in 12 areas in Buyeo. With the excavation results and maps of the year 1915, only the Hyunnaedol road remains made a match and the others were different with the maps of the year 1915.
As an overall, analyzing the spaces settled in Buyeo city, Kwanbuk-ri No. 1, 2 road network, the excavation result documents written until 2010, the 1915 maps, the theory that the area was from the remains of the Sabi period, and analyzing the Kwanbuk-ri No.2 road network with the Namjo measurement, the theory assuming the place was where the Sabi palace, there seems to have importance reviewing the theory.