The purpose of this study was to construct a toddler's social and emotional development music program and then apply it to a child care center to examine its effects. For this purpose, research questions have been set up as follows :
1. How do you c...
The purpose of this study was to construct a toddler's social and emotional development music program and then apply it to a child care center to examine its effects. For this purpose, research questions have been set up as follows :
1. How do you construct a music program for toddler's social and emotional development?
2. What is the effect of the program on a toddler's music emotional development?
3. What is the effect of the program on a toddler's social and emotional development?
to find out the answer to the question 1, this study constructed an music activity program via a preliminary step and a requirement analysis step. In the preliminary step, the necessity of study was confirmed based on an examination of related literatures and then selected the contents of the program and the methods teaching-learning. In the requirement analysis step, the contents system of the program was constructed through a survey of actual state of Toddler's social and emotional development and musical education and teachers' requirement of musical education and an interview with teachers, and then concrete activities were worked out.
As for the elements of contents, the investigator selected such two elements as social and emotional development, music emotion. And as for the detailed sub-contents, the investigator selected 14 elements(2 musical emotion : fast and joyful emotion and slow and quiet emotion & social and emotional behavior : 6 social and emotional positive behavior and 6 social and emotional problem behavior).
This instructional regimine consisted of 43 activities. The researcher constructed 10 principal experiences(sound exploratation and musical sence, musical sence, sing a song, playing an instrument, listening, improvisation, finger play, moving, simple games, routine music).
As for the methods of teaching learning, the investigator selected such activities as model presentation, working together, imitating, praising, reacting, repeating, sympathizing, speaking of the feeling of information sharing, using visual tools of expression, answering with body, musical game, musical fairy tales, performing chorus, drawing pictures, rhymes, responding song and play, expressing differently, becoming a leader, performances, appreciation of music, impromptu performances, playing musical instruments, singing, bodily expressing, and musical creation.
Second, to find out an answer to the question 2 and 3, the subjects of study were 120 toddlers who were two years old at two child care centers(C child care center & B child care center) located in KyungKi Do area, and 60 toddlers among them were randomly divided them into experimental group(n=60) and a comparison group(n=60). The experimental group was treated with Music Activity Program to Increase Social and Emotional development for toddlers for 12 weeks. The program was applied 24 times over the period of 12 weeks from August 14 to October 30, 2008. In comparison group, musical activities were provided based on the commonly used music reference and musical selected by researcher.
In order to examine the toddler's music emotion and social and emotional development, pre-test and post-test were applied before and after treatment. To test Social and Emotional Development, ITSEA(developed by Briggs-Gowan and Carter, 2001) and amended by Shin Ji Yean(2004) was used as an evaluation tool. And to music emotion tool developed by the investigator.
The collected data were statically processed with the SPSS 15.0 Program for Window, and ANCOVA was carried out with the covariances were the results of the pre-tests.
The final findings from these analyses may be summarized as follows :
First, as for the fast and joyful emotion of the music emotion and the slow and quiet emotion of the music emotion, toddlers in the experimental group are higher than those in the comparison group, and the difference is statistically significant. This study finding shows that the toddler's social and emotional behavior program has a positive influence upon the changes of toddler's fast and joyful emotion and the slow and quiet emotion of music emotion.
Second, as for the social and emotional positive behavior(conformity, imitation and pretend play, motivation, empathy, prosocial peer relation) toddlers in the experimental group are highter than those in the comparison group, and the difference is statistically significant. This study finding shows that the toddler's social and emotional behavior positive has a positive influence upon the changes of toddler's social and emotional positive behavior(conformity, concentration, imitation and pretend play, motivation, empathy, prosocial peer relation play among positive behaviors).
Third, as for the social and emotional problem behavior toddlers in the experimental group are lower than those in the comparison group, and the difference is statistically significant. This study finding shows that the toddler's social and emotional behavior program has a positive influence upon the changes of toddler's social and emotional problem behavior(aggression, impulsivity, depression, withdrawal, defiance, general anxiety, separation distress, inhibition to novelty).
In conclusion, this study's Integrative Approach Music Program on Toddler's Social and Emotional Development is effective for the increasing of toddler's music emotion and social and emotional behavior.