高句麗 古墳壁畵를 통해 본 古代 信仰 硏究 : 샤머니즘을 중심으로 = A Study on Ancient Faith Seen through Goguryeo Ancient Tomb Mural : Focusing on Shamanism

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

A Study on Ancient Faith Seen through Goguryeo Ancient Tomb Mural
―Focusing on Shamanism―


Lee, Roo Da
Major in Fine Arts Education
Graduate School of Education
Incheon University


This study was conducted by approaching the consideration way of the ancient tomb mural in a mental and cultural system of Goguryeo people, namely in a religious aspect, but in relation with shamanism distributed in North-east Asia, Central Asia or Siberia, not the Buddhistic or Taoistic position of Chinese origin.

It was about the late 4th century or the 5th century that mural was started to paint at Goguryeo Ancient Tomb, which was said to be expanded to many places since it was drawn in Chinese area. But the ancient tomb style was claimed to have been originated from Central Asia, so it is pointed out that it is rather closely the countries to the west of China.
Goguryeo Ancient Tomb Murals reflect their spiritual culture. In other words, they show Goguryeo people's independent faith and customs as well as aesthetic sense. For example, they include dress culture, housing culture, hair style, play culture, other life style, diverse pictures of gods, faith, and thinking ways etc. How might Goguryoe people's mental culture and faith have been? Unlimited questions on ancient societies amplify various and wide research on Goguryeo culture and thinking way such as portrait study, pattern study, Sasindo, faith view and mentality, and relation with China and Japan.

In religious aspect at large, shamanism was categorized as primitive religious level, but now it goes beyond the barrier, connected to today's humanities. If the origin of our country's shamanism considered, it is linked to wide area using Uralic Altaic language, that is to say, the countries on the coast of the Black Sea, Turkey, Hungary, Siberia and Manchuria. <Sanhaegyeong(山海經)> reads Shipmu(十巫), but <Sanhaegyeong(山海經)> itself is the product of Dongi people's faith, and the origin of Chinese Taoism is shamanism, and The authority of shamanism, M. Eliade's study connects the origin of our country's shamanism to the vein of Manchuria. In a wide sense, shamanism comprehends Taoism, and Taosist hermit's faith, and in a folklore view, it is indicated as animal worship, natural worship, astronomical worship, heavenly and earth gods worship.

Shamanism bloomed at Goguryeo Era comes into decline at the turn of the North and South Kingdoms Era. It can be said to have originated from that <Samguksagi> written by Kim, Bu Shik in Goryeo in flourishing Buddhism became the oldest history book existing in our country. Hereby our country's traditional culture has lost its independent shape, reduced to the meaning of small China.

So it was maintained through the study of ancient faith that the deep root of our traditional culture is separately independent not subordinated to Chinese culture, and we should actively use it to develop this aspect, and have them find out our art history and ethenic root and perceive history properly. In addition, Dongi people crossing ancient Eurasia continent and implanting their culture in the world, and their faith, shamanism, should be steady discussion matter, to be followed by active research.