청각장애 어머니의 건청 자녀 양육 경험 = Experiences of Raising Children without Hearing Impairments among Hearing-Impaired Mothers

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Hearing-impaired parents use sign language to communicate with others, but their children who have no hearing impairments use spoken language as a primary means of communication. The children should acquire spoken language naturally while they live with their parents, and hearing-impaired parents and their children without hearing impairments face a lot of difficulties other than the acquisition of language acquisition as well. Specifically, the roles of mothers are absolutely important for child rearing.
The purpose of this study was to make a phenomenological study to understand the nature of the experiences of raising children without hearing impairments among hearing-impaired mothers. The subjects in this study were 11 mothers with severe hearing impairments who could talk to others through sign language and had hearing-impaired husbands and sixth- or lower-grade school children without hearing impairments. Each of them was interviewed two or three times, and it took 45 to one hour and 30 minutes to have an interview. The interviews that used sign language were videotaped and then transcribed. The collected data were analyzed with Colaizzi's method, and 193 significant sentences and phrases were selected. The selected sentences and phrases were converted into 120 general statements, which were categorized into 36 themes, 17 bundles of themes and three categories.
The experiences of the mothers from their pregnancy to their children's growth period until they were in the sixth or lower grade were structured in three different stages: caring, nurturing and guidance. Those definitions of their experiences might be similar or overlapped in part, but the experiences were categorized in a differentiated manner by time period.

1. Caring
- Difficulties in night caring: difficulties in night breast-feeding, getting exhausted due to a lack of sleep.
- Difficulties in communication: impossible to have a talk, unskilled conversation.
- Trying to provide quality care: trying to let the children acquire language, leaving the children in another's care on a temporary basis, acquiring caring information.
- Unskilled caring: worrying about caring, insufficient caring.
- Fear for caring: anxiety about the children's disability possibility, pressure triggered by attention from others.
- Acquiring caring knowhow: acquiring how to breast-feed at night, acquiring how to have a talk with the children
2. Nurturing
- Limitations of child nurturing: difficulties in conversation, difficulties in daily routine guidance, limits of basic education.
- Being helped by others: being helped by people around.
- Self-accusation: continuing fear, unqualified in nurturing.
- Difficulties in conjugal relations: trying to read the children's face, uncomfortable conjugal relations.
- Acquiring conversation skills: learning how to converse with the children.
3. Guidance
- Limits of communication: the limits of sign language, the limits of mutual exchange.
- Difficulties in the children's learning: difficulties in learning guidance, burden of private education spending.
- Being helped by others with the children's learning: being helped by people around.
- Dilemma about leaving the children in another's care: regret leaving the children in another's care, thinking of leaving the children in another's care again.
- Burnout due to child guidance: excessive agony, self-accusation about their own disability, despair about the children, the children's grievance, being overwhelmed by maternal roles.
- Burden of sign language interpretation: pressure about the disclosure of private life, the children's reluctance of sign language interpretation.

The experiences of raising the children without hearing impairments among the mothers were marked by dynamic change by 'life cycle,' and the experiences could be called unique experiences that encouraged them to have an active will to take care of the children amid 'various relationships with others' and to solve the difficulties of hearing impairments. Specifically, they faced difficulties in communication in various ways in all the three stages due to their hearing impairments. Although they acquired their own knowhow, they faced another difficulties in communication in the guidance stage. Such difficulties in communication had an impact on not only their overall maternal experiences but daily routine life. In a word, the substance of their experiences is that they continued to have difficulties though they went through all the three stages.
This study is meaningful in that it tried to get an essential and comprehensive understanding of the experiences of raising children without hearing impairments among hearing-impaired mothers by applying a phenomenological approach for the first time in our country. And this study is expected to provide useful information on the supporting system for hearing-impaired mothers, the improvement of related law and system, the settlement of the system and social welfare intervention geared toward hearing-impaired mothers who raise children without hearing impairments.

Keywords: hearing impairments, child raising experiences, phenomenology, caring, nurturing, guidance.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• ABSTRACT V
• 제1장 서론 1
• 제1절 연구의 필요성 및 목적 1
• 제2절 연구문제와 연구의의 6
• 제2장 문헌고찰 8
• 제1절 청각장애 8
• 제2절 청각장애 부모 17
• 제3절 건청 자녀 19
• 제4절 양육 21
• 제5절 선행연구 24
• 제3장 연구방법 29
• 제1절 연구설계 29
• 제2절 자료 수집 및 분석 방법 32
• 제3절 연구윤리와 엄격성 39
• 제4장 연구결과 43
• 제1절 결과기술 43
• 제2절 주제에 따른 총체적 기술 52
• 제3절 본질적 구조 기술 57
• 제4절 전체적 맥락에서 어머니의 경험 95
• 제5장 결론 97
• 제1절 논의 97
• 제2절 함의 102
• 제3절 제언 105
• 【참고문헌】 108
• 【부 록】 114