한국 수화언어의 인칭대명사 체계 연구

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This is a study on the system of personal pronouns of the Korean Sign Language(KSL) in comparison to the Korean language.
Sign language is broadly used among deaf-mute people who are incapable of communicating with verbal languages. As a unique product of the "Deaf Culture", sign language is a means for deaf-mute people to express their identity. Sign language is also an important conduit, which allows forming the unique community, called "Deaf Community", where deaf-mute people share the Deaf Culture. This suggests that each sign language has its own grammatical system.
The second chapter begins with the concise history of the world sign languages. The brief history of KSL is introduced as well, including the birth and development, dictionaries, studies, and publications about Korean Sign Language.
In the third chapter, we specified the character of sign language in the context of comparison with a gestural language and a verbal language. A gestural language, as a supplementary means for a verbal language, is not a sufficient means for communication because we cannot understand the exact meaning of utterances only with it. However, the sign language has its own system of grammar, independent from verbal language, so as to allow a complete communication. This characteristic feature of sign language makes itself as an essentially different type of language from a gestural language. Sign language is also different from verbal language. Sign language is facilitated by space, which allows multiple signs simultaneously, whereas, verbal language is performed by syllables, one sound at a time.
In the fourth chapter, the main topic of this study regarding the personal pronouns of KSL is progressed with in-depth explanations. Personal pronouns in KSL have many different forms, depending on the person(s) indicated: “나”(Na) for the first person; “너”(Neo) for the second person; “이애(I-ae)/그애(Geu-ae)/저애(J-ae), 이사람(I-saram)/그사람(Geu-saram)/저사람(Jeo-saram)” for the third persons. However, in KSL, pointing with an index finger, aka “Indexing”, is used for a pronoun, instead of differing word forms. That is, the way of pointing with an index finger is the same, even though the target person or the direction is different.
The unique characteristic of the multiple pronoun system of KSL is identified as well in this chapter. With relation to category of number there are only two types of pronoun, singular and plural, in the Korean language. However, in KSL there are five different numerical types of pronouns such as singular, plural, dural, trial, and quadral.
It is also discussed whether reflexive pronouns exist in KSL. Even though <자기(Jagi)> in KSL has been known as a reflexive pronoun, such a thinking is as questionable as ever due to the limitation of its usages. However, this study proves that <자기를 보다(Jagireul-boda)>[looking at self] is acting successfully as a reflexive pronoun in KSL and has a complementary relation with <자기(Jagi)>.
Finally, even though the Korean language often lacks the use of personal pronouns in conversation, the situational context makes the implied personal pronoun known clearly. In KSL, however, the absence of personal pronouns is supported by verb agreement for clarification. This is a distinct grammatical phenomenon found only in KSL.
It is noteworthy that this study is about of the system of personal pronouns of KSL from the direct perspective of the writer, who is a deaf-mute himself, and differentiates itself from other studies.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Abstract ⅲ
• 1. 서론 1
• 1.1. 연구 목적과 범위 1
• 1.2. 연구 방법 7
• 2. 연구사 개관 13
• 2.1. 수화언어 연구사 13
• 2.2. 한국 수화언어 연구사 16
• 2.2.1. 한국 수화언어의 유래 16
• 2.2.2. 한국 수화언어의 연구사 18
• 2.2.2.1. 수화사전의 편찬 18
• 2.2.2.2. 한국 수화언어 연구 논문들 19
• 3. 수화언어의 특징 25
• 3.1. 수화언어와 몸짓언어 25
• 3.2. 수화언어와 음성언어 29
• 3.3. 한국 수화언어의 문법 특성 35
• 4. 한국 수화언어의 인칭대명사 분류 46
• 4.1. 대명사의 특징 46
• 4.1.1. 대명사의 특징 46
• 4.1.2. 국어 인칭대명사의 체계 요약 48
• 4.2. 한국 수화언어의 인칭대명사 55
• 4.2.1. 단수대명사 55
• 4.2.2. 복수대명사 66
• 4.2.3. 재귀대명사 75
• 4.2.4. 부정칭대명사 83
• 4.3. 다중(多重) 인칭대명사 89
• 4.4. 대명사 생략현상과 일치동사(agreement verbs)의 관계 100
• 4.5. 한국 수화언어의 인칭대명사 체계 요약 106
• 5. 결론 112
• 참고문헌 117