개인 용서 상담 프로그램이 위기청소년의 정신건강에 미치는 영향 = The effects of an individual forgiveness counseling program on mental health of the adolescents at risk

국문 초록 (Abstract)

인간은 살아가면서 사회생활에서 부당하고 예기치 않은 정신적인 피해나 육체적인 상처를 받는데, 용서는 상처가 가져온 분노나 두려움에서 해방되어 새롭게 온전한 인간으로 기능할 수 있도록 도와주며 사회적 상호작용을 바람직한 방향으로 이끌어 준다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 개인 용서상담 프로그램을 위기청소년에게 실시하였을 때에 용서수준을 향상시킬 수 있는가와 정신건강(자아존중감, 불안, 우울, 분노)이 향상되는 가를 검증하는데 목적이 있다.
본 연구의 용서상담 프로그램은 들어가기, 자각 및 표현하기, 용서작업I(나의 생각 다루기, 자기용서), 용서에 대한 이해 및 선택과 결정, 용서작업II(나의 감정 다루기, 행동 다루기), 그리고 마무리(앞으로 나아가기) 등의 내용으로 구성하였으며, 1회 60분씩 총 6회에 걸쳐 실시하였다. 연구 대상은 부산 D중학교의 위기청소년 30명(남학생 8명, 여학생 22명)이었으며, 검사결과의 자료처리는 SPSS Windows(ver.17.0) 프로그램을 사용하여, 실험집단과 통제집단 간의 동질성을 검증하기 위한 독립표본 t검증과 실험집단과 통제집단의 사전검사를 공변인으로 하는 공변량분석(ANCOVA)을 하였다.
연구의 결과는 개인 용서상담 프로그램이 용서정도를 증가시켜 주고 용서하는 학생들의 정서적 건강을 향상시켜주는 효과가 있는 것을 알 수 있었으며, 구체적인 내용은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 개인 용서상담 프로그램을 재구성하여 위기청소년을 대상으로 실시한 결과, 용서수준을 향상시키는데 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 위기청소년은 개인 용서상담 프로그램을 통하여 자아존중감이 향상되었다. 셋째, 위기청소년은 개인 용서상담 프로그램을 통하여 불안이 감소되었다. 넷째, 위기청소년은 개인 용서상담 프로그램을 통하여 우울이 감소되었다. 다섯째, 위기청소년은 개인 용서상담 프로그램을 통하여 분노가 감소되었다.
본 연구의 결과를 통하여 얻은 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 집단 용서상담 프로그램이 아니라 개인 용서상담 프로그램으로도 용서수준이 증진되며 정신건강이 향상되는 것을 검증하여 초보단계에 있는 용서연구에 기여할 수 있었다. 둘째, 위기청소년이나 청소년을 위한 용서교육 프로그램에 집단이 아닌 개인용서상담 프로그램을 제공할 수 있게 되었다. 셋째, 위기청소년 대상으로 용서상담 프로그램 연구를 수행하여 그 효과를 밝혀냄으로써 용서상담 프로그램을 청소년과 다양한 특수 집단에 치료적 목적과 상담 교육적 목적으로 활용할 수 있는 가능성을 보여 주었다.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목 차············································································ⅰ
• 표목차···········································································ⅲ
• 그림목차········································································ⅳ
• 국문초록········································································ⅴ
• Abstract········································································ⅶ
• Ⅰ. 서 론 ······································································1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적········································1
• 2. 연구 문제·······························································7
• 3. 용어의 정의···························································8
• Ⅱ.이론적 배경·································································10
• 1. 용서의 의미·····························································10
• 2. 용서의 과정에 관련된 모델···································27
• 3. 용서와 관련변인······················································34
• 4. 선행 용서프로그램 및 효과···································41
• 5. 위기청소년의 특성··················································45
• 6. 개인 상담·······························································50
• Ⅲ. 가설·········································································53
• Ⅳ. 연구 방법·································································56
• 1. 연구 대상·······························································56
• 2. 측정 도구·······························································60
• 3. 연구 설계·······························································62
• 4. 자료 처리·······························································67
• Ⅴ. 결과 및 해석···························································68
• 1. 사전검사의 분석결과············································68
• 2. 사전-사후검사의 분석결과··································69
• Ⅵ. 논의·········································································85
• 1. 프로그램 특징에 대한 논의···································85
• 2. 프로그램 효과 검증에 대한 논의··························86
• Ⅶ. 결론 및 제언···························································91
• 1. 결론······································································91
• 2. 제언······································································92
• 참 고 문 헌 ···································································94
• 감사의 글······································································102
• 부 록 A. 개인 용서 상담 프로그램···························103
• 부 록 B. 개인 용서 상담 프로그램 WORKBOOK···108
• 부 록 C. 청소년 및 위기청소년(95명)의 용서에 관한 조사결과··123
• 부 록 D. 개인별 사례 관찰내용 결과························128