게슈탈트집단미술치료가 저소득층 아동의 자기효능감에 미치는 효과

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The Effects of a Gestalt Group Art Therapy on self-efficacy of the under priviledged Elementary students

by Choi, Moon-kyung

Department of Education
Graduate School
Changwon National University

Supervised by Kim, Byung-Chae, ph. D.

This study aims to perform Gestalt group art therapy for children from low-income families to define the therapy's effect on children's self efficacy sense. Subjects consisted of twelve third-year graders in elementary schools in M City and C city in South Gyeongsang Province who used the regional children centers. Six students were classified into the experimental group and the control group each.
The experimental group was given Gestalt group art therapy twice a week in a total of 15 sessions with one session lasting 90 minutes. The control group was not given any treatment. Before entering into the therapy session, both groups were given self efficacy sense tests, and after the whole therapy was finished, the same tests were administered to the two groups.
Gestalt group art therapy was recomposed into 15 sessions, based on Kim Jeong-gyu's Gestalt group counseling program, as well as on other existing Gestalt group counseling programs and Gestalt group art programs.
The study used the research tool, which was originally designed by Kim A-yeong and Cha Jeong-eun (1996) for measuring individuals' general self-efficacy sense, which then was revised by Kim A-yeong (1997), and again tailored by Han Hye-jin (2002) for elementary school students.
For quantitative analysis, to statistically verify the effect of Gestalt group art therapy, t-test was conducted to examine the homogeneity of both groups, and to examine the difference between prior and follow-up tests, the two-way ANOVA was conducted using the SPSS. For qualitative analysis, prior and follow-up K-HTP tests were administered. To define the effect of self efficacy on the subordinate areas (self confidence, self-control efficacy, and attitude towards the difficulty of assignments), the study examined changes according to individual sessions in comparison with before the therapy.
The findings of the study first indicated that the experimental group, compared with the control group, showed a significant change in self efficacy. Second, the experimental group, compared with the control group, significantly improved in the self efficacy's subordinate area, self control efficacy. This thus confirmed that Gestalt group art therapy has a positive effect on the improvement of self efficacy of children from low-income families.
The findings of the study suggest that Gestalt group art therapy helps children from low income families have insights into themselves and their circumstances, and form the positive energy, self efficacy.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서 론1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적1
• 2. 연구문제 5
• 3. 용어의 정의 6
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경8
• 1. 저소득층 아동의 특성8
• 2. 자기효능감11
• 3. 게슈탈트와 게슈탈트집단미술치료16
• 4. 선행연구 23
• Ⅲ. 연구 가설25
• Ⅳ. 연구 방법26
• 1. 연구대상26
• 2. 실험설계27
• 3. 연구도구28
• 4. 연구절차34
• 5. 자료처리35
• Ⅴ. 연구결과36
• Ⅵ. 논의55
• Ⅶ. 요약 및 결론57
• 참고문헌59
• Abstract65
• 【부록1】 게슈탈트집단미술치료 부모동의서67
• 【부록2】 자기효능감 검사지68