요양보호사의 직업의식과 자기효능감이 직무만족에 미치는 영향 = Effects on Job Satisfaction of the Professional Consciousness and Self-Efficacy of Care Givers

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In the wake of the advancement in medicine and food science, once incurable diseases found a cure and a health-conscious diet prolonged the life expectancy of human. However a chronic illness of the old aged occurring along the aging process also increased the population of the dependent old aged who need a long-term care.
On the other hand, a radically changing family structure brought a phenomenon of nuclear family, increase of the economic participation of women, a change in consciousness regarding family support, so that a traditional function of family as a source of the protection continues to decrease and the need increases for a social solution for the demand of the long-term care. Accordingly a 'Long-term Care Insurance System' in which state and society take responsibility for the aged was introduced and implemented as of the first of July, 2008. Thus the aim of this study was to examine differences and effects of the professional consciousness and self-efficacy on job satisfaction of the care givers working in a long-term care facility as a central manpower of the 'Long-term Care Insurance System.' Subsequently this study was also to help a relatively new occupation, care giver, to appropriately adapt itself in our society and make a social contribution.
To achieve such goal of the study, care givers working in a long-term care facility in the Eastern district of Jeonnam were subjected to the study. Total 350 questionnaires were distributed for a data collection and 282 questionnaires were eventually used for a final analysis. SPSS Program was used to process the data statistically, and frequency analysis, factor analysis, T-test, One-way ANOVA were applied. Multiple regression analysis was also used to verify effects.
The analysis result was as follows. First, as for the demographic sociological characteristics of the subjects, the care gives were mostly wonen in their 40s and 50s, and their marital status was mostly 'married.' As for the education level, 57% of the subjects had a high school diploma, and as for the income level, 45.4% of them had an income level ranging from 500,000 to 1,000,000 won per month. Amajority of the subjects, 70.6%, were hired based on a contract instead of a regular permanent employment.
Second, there was a difference in professional consciousness, self-efficacy, job satisfaction of the care givers depending on their demographic sociological characteristics. The higher their age, the higher their professional consciousness became. The care givers in their 40s to 60s had a higher job satisfaction than those in their 20s to 30s. The care givers who were married had a higher pride and a will to work long-term as sub-categories of the professional consciousness, and a higher self-control efficacy as a sub-category of the self-efficacy, than those of the care givers who were single. The regular employees had a high professional consciousness, self-efficacy, and job satisfaction, whereas the employees based on a contract tend to have a high turn-over rate.
Third regarding effects of the professional consciousness and self-efficacy of the care givers on their job satisfaction, the higher their occupational value and a will to work long-term, the higher their job satisfaction became. Regarding the self-efficacy of the care givers, it was found that self-control efficacy and degree of difficulty in task preference influenced the job satisfaction. That is, the higher one's self-control efficacy and degree of difficulty in task preference, the higher their job satisfaction became.
As a complex concept, the job satisfaction entails the degree of pleasure experienced by one's job as well as an evaluation of the job. Thus professional consciousness and self-efficacy become a prerequisite for enhancing job satisfaction of the care givers. Accordingly improvement plans are required for enhancing job satisfaction of the care givers by increasing professional consciousness and self-efficacy.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• ABSTRACT
• 제 1 장 서 론 1
• 제 1 절 연구의 목적 1
• 제 2 절 연구의 범위 및 방법 4
• 제 2 장 이론적 배경 5
• 제 1 절 요양보호사 5
• 1. 노인장기요양보험제도의 의의 5
• 2. 장기요양기관의 구분 6
• 3. 요양보호사의 역할 8
• 제 2 절 직업의식 10
• 1. 직업의식의 개념 10
• 2. 직업의식의 구성요소 12
• 3. 직업의식의 변화 13
• 제 3 절 자기효능감 15
• 1. 자기효능감의 개념 15
• 2. 자기효능감의 구성요소 17
• 3. 자기효능감의 영향 19
• 제 4 절 직무만족 22
• 1. 직무만족의 개념 22
• 2. 직무만족의 제 이론 25
• 3. 직무만족의 결정요인 28
• 4. 직무만족의 중요성 31
• 5. 선행연구의 검토 33
• 제 3 장 연구 방법 36
• 제 1 절 조사대상 36
• 제 2 절 연구의 모형 및 가설 36
• 제 3 절 변수의 정의 및 측정 38
• 제 4 절 자료분석 40
• 제 4 장 연구결과 41
• 제 1 절 조사대상자의 인구사회학적 특성 41
• 제 2 절 신뢰성 및 타당성 검증 43
• 1. 직업의식의 신뢰성 및 타당성 검증 43
• 2. 자기효능감의 신뢰성 및 타당성 검증 44
• 3. 직무만족의 신뢰성 및 타당성 검증 45
• 제 3 절 가설검증 46
• 1. 인구사회학적 특성에 따른 직업의식의 차이 분석 46
• 2. 인구사회학적 특성에 따른 자기효능감의 차이 분석 49
• 3. 인구사회학적 특성에 따른 직무만족의 차이 분석 51
• 4. 요양보호사의 직업의식이 직무만족에 미치는 영향 54
• 5. 요양보호사의 자기효능감이 직무만족에 미치는 영향 55
• 제 4 절 가설검증 결과 56
• 제 5 장 결 론 57
• 제 1 절 연구요약 57
• 제 2 절 제언 59
• 참고문헌 61
• 부록 67