The aim of this study is to investigate what is the suitable curricular roles of the public education for the social and national changes in light of accountability. This is not only for coping with the current issues but also for consolidating the so...
The aim of this study is to investigate what is the suitable curricular roles of the public education for the social and national changes in light of accountability. This is not only for coping with the current issues but also for consolidating the sound foundation of the national curriculum in the public education.
This study examined three problems. The principles and the trends of the curricular roles of the public education in light of accountability according to the social and national changes; The current curricular roles in the public education in the educational laws, regulations and the general guidelines of the national curriculum; improvements of suitable curricular roles of the public education in light of accountability.
The main results of this study are as follows:
The principles and the trends of the curricular roles in the public education according to the social and national changes are mainly three parts.
First, the ideology of the nation has changed as the third way and the governance of government has changed as new-governance from bureaucracy, due to the globalization, the regionalization, the nationalization, and the localization which represent the characteristic of the national and social changes.
Second, two kinds of accountability are asked for excellence as the new role of the public education. One is enforced accountability which is carried out through the bureaucratic system, and the other is autonomous accountability which is carried out through the schools' autonomous decision including the participation of students and parents. Enforced accountability and autonomous accountability complement each other in public education system.
Third, the curricular role of the public education has changed that the enforced accountability in the level of the nation should be strengthened, and the autonomous accountability in the level of the local and the schools should be guaranteed, due to the changes of ideology of nation and the form of governance in the public education.
In accordance with these, the current curricular roles in the public education in the educational laws, regulations and national curriculum are as followings.
First, school-based management has to be included in the concept of the self-government in education, and the public education doesn't have adequate relationship among the national government, the local education offices, and the schools for the new governance.
Second, the public education gives the autonomous accountability to the schools compulsorily, which disturb the schools to work autonomously.
Third, the educational laws and regulations according to the curriculum and the general guidelines of the national curriculum don't contain adequate criteria on organizing and operating the curriculum, which disturb understanding what to do for the curricular roles in the national government, the local education offices and the schools.
Given these facts, to improve the suitable curricular roles of the public education in light of accountability, the public education should follow next ideas.
First, the public education has to deviate from the compulsory regulations which force the local education offices and the schools to carry out the provisions of the autonomous accountability, and the process of the permission of the curricular autonomy should to be determined by the degree of speciality and other conditions.
Second, the educational laws and regulations should be amended in an aspect of making the regulations about the aim of education in detail, reexamining how to regulate the organizations of the national curriculum, searching for the conditions of the regulations for what to teach, letting more autonomous accountability to the schools in evaluation, forcing the schools to execute about the retarded and the gifted, and making the regulations about the multicultural and the civilian students who comes back from the foreign country.
Third, the general guidelines of the national curriculum should be amended in an aspect of changing the organization of regulations, adding to the support system to fulfill the contents, reexamining how to regulate the cross-curricular subject, and making balance between the national curriculum and the educational laws and regulations.
The suggestions for further studies related to the curricular role of the public education are as below on the basis of conclusion of this study.
First, the governance of the public education, the process of the permission of accountability, and the education programs should be regarded together.
Second, the conditions and traits of specialties should be studied and used as the principles of the permission of autonomous accountability to the schools.
Third, the curricular organization and its formality in the general guidelines of the national curriculum should be reexamined.
Fourth, the change of the national curriculum and that of the educational laws should be balanced.
Fifth, "what is the enforced accountability in the national curriculum?" should be asked and investigated thorougly. Answering this question is making the eventual direction and predicting the result of the public education.