This study is aimed at exploring the correlation as to how the consequential of martial arts directors' transformational, transactional and servant leadership recognized by martial arts instructors at the modern organizational society showing various ...
This study is aimed at exploring the correlation as to how the consequential of martial arts directors' transformational, transactional and servant leadership recognized by martial arts instructors at the modern organizational society showing various change of behaviors based on self-centered was of thought influence job stress, trust-in-leadership, and organizational performance, and looking into the role of a leader in composing an effective organizational management and discriminated management strategy through the analysis of relational model as to if what type of leadership display would be beneficial to martial arts instructors.
In detail, the main objective of the study lies in confirming the effect of martial arts directors' leadership type on the job stress of martial arts instructors, trust-in-leadership and organizational performance, and examining its concrete route and the influence. To achieve this kind of study goal, total 482 were sampled targeted to 500 martial arts instructors working at practical drill halls in Seoul and Gyeonggi Area as of 2008 using stratified cluster random sampling.
The data processing methods used for this research were as follows : Frequency Analysis to understand the social-demographical characteristics of martial arts instructors, Credibility Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis to verify the validity and reliability of a questionnaire paper, Correlation analysis to look into the relation of each variable, T-verification, One-way ANOVA to verify the variations of social behavior by the social demographical characteristics of the study subjects, Multiple regression analysis to find out the correlation between variables such as transformational, transactional, servant leadership and job stress, trust-in-leader, organizational performance, Path analysis technique to examine the relation of leadership with job stress, trust-in-leader, and organizational performance, and statistical significance level for hypothesis verification was set to .05 level. The findings drawn from this process are as follows.
First, the results from t-verification and one-way ANOVA to analyze the variant difference by the social demographical characteristic of martial arts instructors were indicated as follows. In male and female martial arts instructors, the gender was indicated to be significant in altruistic calling as the subordinate factor of servant leadership. In comparison of gender average in job climates of the subordinate factors of job stress, female group was indicated to be higher than male group.
The results of analysis of differences in leadership recognition, trust-in-leader, job stress and organizational performance by the age of martial arts instructors showed that management by exception was most highly indicated at the age group over 35, and job demands as the subordinate factor of job stress was most highly indicated at the age group over 35, and organizational system at the age group over 35.
The results of analysis of differences in leadership recognition, job stress, trust-in-leader, organizational performance by the school career of 35 martial arts instructors showed that the group under high school graduation was most highly indicated in management by exception as the subordinate factor of transactional leadership.
The results of analysis of differences in leadership recognition, trust-in-leader, job stress and organizational performance by annual salary of 35 martial arts instructors showed that over 15 million won was most highly indicated in individual transaction as the subordinate factor of transformational leadership, and over 15 million won was most highly indicated in wisdom and persuasion as the subordinate factor of servant leader. And over 15 million won was most highly indicated in relation conflict, organizational system, dissatisfaction with pay as the subordinate factor of job stress, and under 13-15 million won was most highly indicated in job climates as the subordinate factor of job stress. Over 15 million won was most highly indicated in subjective financial evaluation, job satisfaction, organizational commitment as the subordinate factor of organizational performance. Over 15 million won was most highly indicated in trust factor.
The results of analysis of leadership recognition, job stress, trust-in-leader, and organizational performance by the career of arts instructors showed that under 6-8 years was most highly indicated in wisdom and organizational stewardship as the subordinate factor of servant leadership. Such difference was indicated to be significant at level of 1%(p<.01). Over 8 years was most highly indicated in organizational system as the subordinate factor of job stress. Under 6-8 years was most highly indicated in job satisfaction and organizational commitment as the subordinate factor of organizational performance. Under 6-8 years was most highly indicated in trust.
The results of analysis of leadership recognition, job stress, trust-in-leader, and organizational performance by service years of martial arts instructors showed that over 8 years was most highly indicated in role demands as the subordinate factor of job stress.
Second, the results of analysis of correlation of variables showed that all variables formed a significant relation in a positive direction. Leadership type was indicated to be low in correlation with job stress, and trust-in-leader is found to be high correlated to leadership type. Organizational performance was indicated to show a significant difference with leadership type in job satisfaction, organizational commitment except for subjective financial evaluation.
Third, the results of the effect of leadership on organizational performance showed that in the effect of leadership on subjective financial evaluation, altruistic calling as the subordinate factor of servant leadership, emotional healing, persuasion has a positive impact, and the stewardship of the organization has a negative impact on that.
The results of analysis of the effect of leadership on job satisfaction showed contingent reward, altruistic calling, emotional healing, wisdom and persuasion have a positive effect on job satisfaction, while management by exception, organizational stewardship have a negative impact on job satisfaction.
The results of effect of leadership on organizational commitment showed that altruistic calling, wisdom, persuasion as the subordinate factor of servant leadership have a positive impact on organizational commitment, while emotional healing has a negative impact on organizational commitment.
Third, the results of effect of job stress on organizational performance showed that job stress has a positive impact on subjective financial evaluation, and relation conflict, organizational system as the subordinate factor of job stress has a positive impact on organizational commitment, while emotional healing has a negative impact on organizational system.
Third, the results of effect of job stress on job satisfaction showed that relation conflict, organizational system, and dissatisfaction with pay as the subordinate factors of job stress has a positive impact on job satisfaction , while elation conflict, organizational system as the subordinate factor of job stress has a positive impact on organizational commitment, while role demands, job climates have a negative impact on job satisfaction.
The results of analysis of effect of job stress on organizational commitment showed that role demands, relational conflict, organizational system and dissatisfaction with pay as the subordinate factors of job stress have a positive impact on organizational commitment, while job climates have a negative impact on organizational commitment.
Fifth, the results of analysis of effect of leadership on job stress and trust-in-leader, organizational performance, showed that leadership can display more impact on organizational performance only when it is based on trust-in-leader.