구강기능향상운동이 노인의 구강기능과 삶의 질에 미치는 영향

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to develop and adapt the exercise program for oral health promotion which aims to improve of oral function and quality of life in the elderly people. The subjects in this study were 78 female senior citizens who dwelled in Seoul. The exercise program was carried out twice a week from July through October 2008. A survey was conducted by interviewing the participants. The information related to their demographic characteristics, oral health behavior, and objective and subjective oral function was collected. The prevalence(symptoms and behaviors) and severity of dry mouth, jaw functional limitation, and oral health impact profile(OHIP-14) to assess their quality of life related to oral health were selected to evaluate subjective oral function. In order to evaluate their oral function objectively, the opening size, unstimulated whole saliva(UWS) and oral reciprocal action(ORA) were measured. The effect of the program was evaluated twice, at the beginning and three months later after the program was completed. All the data collected were analyzed and the results were as followings:

1. After the oral function improving exercise, all the subjective measures were improved: 1) 2.51 to 4.94 in dry mouth prevalence score (10 score scale); 2) 4.69 to 2.79 in severity of dry mouth; 3) 7.68 to 5.19 in the mastication functional limitation; 4) 0.91 to 0.17 in swallowing functional limitation; and 5) 1.95 to 0.26 in emotional expression functional limitation.
2. They showed the significant improvements in the objective oral function as followings: 1) from 43.24㎜ to 47.14㎜ in the opening size; 2) from 0.08㎖ to 0.16㎖ in UWS; and 3) from 2.99 to 4.13 times in ORA respectively.
3. The OHIP-14 score changed from 21.92 to 12.03 and their quality of life was significantly improved after the oral function improving excercise.
4. The correlation among the subjective oral function indexes (prevalence and severity of dry mouth and jaw functional limitation), the objective oral function indicators(the opening size, UWS and ORA) and OHIP-14 as quality of life related to oral health was checked. The improvement in dry mouth prevalence had a significantly positive correlation to the level of improvement in severity of dry mouth and the mastication functional limitation. The level of improvement in severity of dry mouth had a significantly positive correlation to the level of improvement in mastication functional limitation and swallowing. The level of improvement in the quality of life had a significantly positive correlation to the level of improvement in prevalence and severity of dry mouth, the mastication and the swallowing functional limitation.
5. A multiple linear regression was utilized to identify the relevant factors affected OHIP-14. The level of improvement in functional limitation of mastication and swallowing had a significant impact on oral health related quality of life. The level of improvement in mastication functional limitation was influenced by the level of improvement in dry mouth prevalence and the level of improvement in swallowing functional limitation was significantly affected by the level of improvement in severity of dry mouth.

In conclusion, this exercise program served to improve the oral function of the elderly people, and finally influenced on their quality of life related to oral health. Therefore more oral function improving exercise programs is strongly suggested to be implemented as an oral health promotion projects in the future.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론 1
• Ⅱ. 연구 방법 4
• 1. 연구대상 및 기간 4
• 2. 자료수집 방법 5
• 3. 자료처리 및 통계분석 12
• Ⅲ. 연구 결과 13
• 1. 구강건조증의 실태 및 불편감 심도의 변화 13
• 2. 악기능제한의 변화 19
• 3. 개구량, 비자극성타액분비, 구강교호작용의 변화 25
• 4. 노인 구강건강과 관련된 삶의 질 변화 31
• 5. 구강기능 개선도 및 노인 구강건강과 관련된 삶의 질 간의 관계 33
• Ⅳ. 고찰 38
• Ⅴ. 결론 45
• 참고문헌 47
• ABSTRACT 52