After the age of enlightenment, materials and technologies of western architecture were introduced and then its transition period arrived, changing a traditional architectural style into a western architectural style rapidly, while passing through the...
After the age of enlightenment, materials and technologies of western architecture were introduced and then its transition period arrived, changing a traditional architectural style into a western architectural style rapidly, while passing through the Japanese Imperialism.
Additionally, buildings restored after the Korean War were turned into typical cultures and arts and made another architectural style. However, buildings constructed under the Japanese Imperialism have been destroyed and demolished thoughtlessly to eradicate vestiges of Japanese Imperialism and rapid economic growth without regard for cultural, artistic and historical values.
As a result of pursuing high growth of economy during the last 40 to 50 years, the goal for the growth has been achieved to some degree. However, improvement to historical environments has been insufficiently completed without reason, in comparison with economic growth.
By giving an example of Seoul, buildings such as Kyunggi Provincial Office, Hwashin Department Store were destroyed and Seoul City Hall that has generated some controversy is facing a crisis of destruction without regard to cultural value and historicity. According to Korean architectural history, a blank of the change from palace style of Joseon Dynasty to contemporary architectural style having high stories originally comes under modern architecture whose buildings have been demolished and destroyed. Seoul tends to be much concerned about designated modern properties and registered properties, however, the more distant the countryside having economic strength weaker than city's, the more serious damage and destruction of modern architectural buildings. People have been already feeling for conservation of modern architecture regardless of regions. Nevertheless, regions that have achieved economic growth insufficiently have priority to economic growth rather than conservation of modern architectural buildings, and the buildings are actually destroyed.
Modern architectural buildings of provincial cities in poor surroundings are left alone due to lack of capital, unlike Seoul. According to the conservation state of modern architectural buildings, most of people recognize it isn't optimistic. A great deal of modern architectural buildings that have been destroying exist outside of Seoul. Accordingly, it is urgent to conserve modern architectural buildings in other regions. The academic justification is recognized in order to conserve modern architectural buildings in Seoul and other regions for historical environments against building of new cities and redevelopment. However, it is very difficult to derive ideas for conservation.
Systems for modern architectural buildings are different from actual conditions of provincial cities, and it isn't of help to conservation of the buildings. Accordingly, it needs to study plans for conservation and application of modern architectural buildings, derived from studying the importance and value of conservation and reuse of historical buildings in regional development, in addition to results of regional renewal. History that is a continuous record of time can perform a role without stoppage of any moment, it looks as if a tree is living by harmonizing its root, stems and leaves. Likewise, architectural history can perform its meaning and role by harmonized development of architectural styles, structures, materials, construction methods and so on. However, it is actually hard to define whether the buildings belong to modern or contemporary architecture, and the architectural history has been adhered to a frame of flow, that is, from traditional architecture through modern architecture to contemporary architecture. If the modern architecture is omitted from the architectural history, Korean architectural history isn't systematized due to an empty gap. It is worth remembering that contemporary architecture exists on the extension line of modern architecture that has survived against the odds.
I'm reaching some conclusions according to the study.
First, it is difficult to regenerate modern buildings from freezing like cultural properties. it is an appropriate practical plan to contribute to the convenience of users by analyzing characteristics and histories of buildings without damage to cultural and historical values and making plans for maintenance.
Second, the use of buildings owned by state or local autonomous entities is changed into other uses, for example, a pavilion, an auditorium, an art gallery and so on that can open to so many people and buildings owned by a person or an enterprise are considered from an economic point of view. Additionally, if a plan does damage to cultural and historical values, buildings are recovered by state and opened to local residents.
Third, the Japanese Imperialism is expressed as the dark age, but the period is our history. Thus, it is planned to make a use of educational field for reminding us of the modern history.
Fourth, modern architectural properties have been respectively supervised by owners or managers up to now, therefore, it has wasted costs and human power over again. However, if regional planning and management is intensively performed by the same place, costs and manpower are reduced and the properties are utilized according to their characteristics including conservation of cultural values by appropriate management.
The practical methods of modern buildings that have been used in our lives are different from those of traditional buildings. According to the study, it is focused to hand over cultural heritage to our descendants by protecting the buildings from destruction and maintaining economical efficiency. However, the practical methods for modern buildings are offered in the paper and the methods are not diverse. Afterwards, it will be discussed in detail together with analysis of economic efficiency of modern buildings and local renewal that have been sporadically performed.