There have been a variety of restructuring processes in various forms such as introducing a team system, quality control and strategic personnel management with a focus on the efficient structure of an organization in order to improve the effectivenes...
There have been a variety of restructuring processes in various forms such as introducing a team system, quality control and strategic personnel management with a focus on the efficient structure of an organization in order to improve the effectiveness of the pubic sector. With the introduction of strategic management techniques to create a competitive atmosphere in and outside an organization, employment adjustment and reorganization of office following restructuring, which has been spurred by environmental demands, have given the organizational members an overload of work. Once they start to take those initiatives as the elements of job instability, they work as obstacles to goal fulfillment. Those situations in turn create various forms of job stress to worsen the workers' new tension and anxiety in addition to perceptional change in the public sector. As there are reports saying that the members' stress is a negative element to harm the organization's effectiveness, which raises the importance of stress management as part of the organization's human resources management.
In an attempt to achieve the research goals, the investigator operationally defined role ambiguity and conflict as the factors of job characteristics and perfectionism as the factor of individual personality based on the job control model. I then set them as the causal variables of job burnout, which were then divided into the factors of job characteristics and the individual factors to measure their relative impacts on job burnout and suggest more efficient management plans for the members' job burnout. In addition, I picked self-efficacy and group efficacy as the variables of job control to regulate the relations between job burnout and its variables to offset the negative effects of job burnout. The sample used in the study includes 541 employees at a branch of National Health Insurance Corporation.
As a result, role ambiguity and conflict that were the factors of job characteristics and the negative results of perfectionism that was the individual factor increased job burnout, but the perfectionist tendency reduced it. Perfectionism turned out to have greater relative impacts on job burnout than role ambiguity and conflict. Of the perfectionism groups, the reverse functional perfectionism group that experienced more negative results of perfectionism went through more job burnout than the functional perfectionism group. Unlike most of the previous studies, however, the study revealed that the non-perfectionism group experienced more job burnout than the perfectionism group. The result that the perfectionist tendency reduced job burnout can be explained as follows; I operationally defined only three of the ten items of perfectionist tendency that were related to the pursuit of one's own goals at the result of factor analysis; meanwhile, the many previous studies on perfectionism had both the non-adaptive and adaptive aspects work on job burnout. In addition, those who worked face-to-face with civilians experienced more job burnout than those who didn't and worked in administration and other lines of work. The female workers experienced more job burnout than their male counterparts. Then I included efficacy as a moderating variable in two forms, which were self- and group efficacy. Since self-efficacy generated neither major nor interactive effects, it seemed to have no moderating effects. As for group efficacy, although there was statistical significance in its major effects, it's too low a level to interpret it as an actually significant result. Its interactive effects were not statistically significant. Thus group efficacy also turned out to have no moderating effect.
Based on the findings, I suggested the following meanings and implications for policies; accurate information should be provided and the rules about the multiple role expectations for the organizational members should be set clearly so that the side effects of such job demands as role ambiguity and conflict can be minimized. There is also a need to establish a system to manage conflicts in and outside an organization in a systematic manner. A department devoted to civil appeals should be created to deal with the elements to disturb performance while the members take care of civil appeals as well as their own responsibilities at the same time. It's also required to deploy counseling professionals with expertise on problem solving and to consider their job relations in order to maximize the operation of the old call center. Dealing with civilians on the front line of an organization, those who work face-to-face with them get to represent the organization to the public. Thus institutional plans should be set up to help them take a customer-oriented attitude being considerate of civilians, induce them to take voluntary part in the process, and collect people's complaints and concerns about the health insurance policies. It's also suggested to introduce a group counseling program designed to help with their positive self-concept so as to restore the damaged efficacy in the integration process of National Health Insurance Corporation and to prevent the negative effects of perfectionism. A group counseling program facilitates interactions among workers by creating a mutually tolerating atmosphere, motivates them to amend their perfectionist thinking being structurized around the cognitive patterns, and helps them build positive self-concepts such as self-esteem and self-efficacy. It's also effective in providing them with learning opportunities through interactions with others and observations and delivering a positive sentiment of the group. In addition, the organization needs to systematically manage individual workers' stress by introducing EAPs(employee assistance programs), which are proven to be effective in alleviating workers' psychological maladjustment through effective reactions to social and emotional issues and preventing job burnout. On an organizational level, EAPs contribute to greater productivity through stable labor-management relationships and further to better organizational images and social responsibilities.