Although public interest in the positive impact of the flow experience is rising, many people still cannot immerse themselves in their lives and often undergo boredom or anxiety. In the educational perspective, this calls for the ultimate meaning and ...
Although public interest in the positive impact of the flow experience is rising, many people still cannot immerse themselves in their lives and often undergo boredom or anxiety. In the educational perspective, this calls for the ultimate meaning and values of the flow. Hence, this study will verify the educational values of the flow experience.
The purpose of this study is to verify the values and meaning of the flow experience in a person’s life and define the role of education in order to positively derive the positive impact from flow experience. Each page will discuss the following; on page 1, the necessity of this study to understand the existent values and meaning of flow experience on human life and its application to education will be discussed. Also, a concrete question for the research will be raised. On page 2, it will provide possibilities for the new approach called the ‘values of flow in human life’ by taking a look at studies on flow, concepts related to flow and a variety of practical applications. On page 3, we will analyze the flow experience in terms of the existent limit and transcendence of human beings. The role of education on page 4 will be discussed when the ultimate values and meaning of flow in human life are understood. Finally, on page 5, the summary and purport of this study will be brought into light along with some proposal.
The concept of 'Mol-ip' in the Korean study of 'Mol-ip' can be classified into ‘flow’ which is mainly about the personal commitment experience, ‘commitment’ which focuses on the object of commitment such as duty or goal, and ‘immersion’, which is the studying principle of a certain foreign language. It is meaningful to explore positive impacts of flow experience in various settings. But without understanding on humans and an individual in advance, we may not see the positive impact of flow experience comprehensively within a framework of education purpose. Thus, understanding of flow experience with focus on individual flow education is critical to find out real educational value of flow experience. Among them, the debate on personal flow experience was mostly developed based on Csikszentmihalyi’s Flow Theory. Even before the Flow Theory, there had been a range of studies on empirical features of flow. But it was Csikszentmihalyi that started to pay attention to the concept of flow seriously, and established the Flow Theory. Since then, a series of studies on flow experience followed. Flow means being completely immersed in the job one is doing by being assimilated to the time and object flow just as natural as a water flow. As the importance of flow was increasingly recognized, various studies were conducted. These studies could be divided into studies on flow experience and self-realization, and flow experience with psychological or learning effect. Nonetheless, from the educational perspective, flow experience should be viewed from a broader framework of human life and some studies have shown possibilities in this regard.
Human beings are influenced by external environment and situation within the existent limit. The problem of a person’s existent limit has been connected to the problem of necessity and contingency, which has been developed in diverse forms in the field of philosophy, religion, science and so forth. Likewise, despite the existent limit of human beings and freedom, many tried to seek for the fate and fundamental meaning of mankind. The contemporary researchers have sought for answers of how human can surmount their limit and fully show their potential by concretely investigating the nature, characteristics and health of human beings. According to Fromm, mankind feels helpless about his or her contingency and passivity. However, by making a substance, creating art and idea and loving each other, human beings transcend the limitations of life and experience freedom. Meanwhile, Frankl said human can overcome the existent limit through the ‘will to meaning.’ Human beings get closer to the meaning of life and experience self-transcendence of existence through firstly, creating something or doing a job, secondly, experiencing something or meeting someone and thirdly, deciding which attitude to face inevitable hardship. Above all, the image of life transcending the existent limit argued by Fromm and Frankl is impossible without a deep flow in life and existence themselves. Flow itself can be a principle of the human beings’existent transcendence. Based on this, one can see how flow experience can enable to search for the meaning of life by surpassing the existent limit in terms of ‘transcending the time’ and ‘transcending the situation.’ As flow enables to reach the meaning of life by surpassing the limit within the time and situation, transcending the time shows the intensive, climactic aspect of flow in which humans can experience eternity by overcoming the limitations of life. Transcending the situation is closer to the adaptive and self-realizing aspect of the immersion.
In order to foster a person who can transcendthe existent limit and find meaning and value of life on her/his own, education should focus on nurturing an individual able to have flow experience. To that end, we need to figure out what enable individuals to have flow experience. Csikszentmihalyi viewed that individuals can reach flow experience moving beyond anxiety and boredom. While he saw anxiety and boredom can differ based on different individual skills and challenges, many other scholars believed that they are the result of a certain situational factor but also existential, characteristic, psychologicalhealth and sociocultural factors. Therefore, in order to have flow experience overcoming those anxiety and boredom, one needs to be mature in every respect. But, the current Korean education system is centered on knowledge transfer so it is difficult to foster individuals able to immerge in life through balanced development. Nonetheless, energy management by Loehr and Schwartz that offers ways to have second dimension engagement between body, emotion, mind and spirit and the example of Waldorfkindergartenthat pursues harmonious education of body, mind and soul suggest directs for all-rounded education.
When human cannot truly immerse in his lives, he or she is easily fluctuated by destiny and thereby cannot become the ruler of his or her own life. Flow experience is unpredictable and enables us to transcend time and situation in our limited life. Therefore, when the existent values of flow experience are properly understood and educated, human beings will be able to grow up as a person who can truly love life and discover the meanings of life by overcoming its existing limitations.