The purpose of this study is to investigate in to how the inclusive education conducted by general schools is effective compared to the education of special schools in terms of the social capitals.
For this purpose, this study used simultaneously the ...
The purpose of this study is to investigate in to how the inclusive education conducted by general schools is effective compared to the education of special schools in terms of the social capitals.
For this purpose, this study used simultaneously the methods of qualitative research and quantitative research.
In qualitative research, this study described, as they were, the situations of actual spots and the flow of members' thinking in such situations. In quantitative research, this study tried to examine how much general schools and special schools, and teachers in charge of special classes and general teachers within general schools accumulated the social capital related to inclusive education, and how much such differences were, through the questionnaire which classified teachers' social capital elements for full inclusive education into trust, network, and norm, and classified their sub-elements into personal and institutional trust, communication, school participation, social relation, and reciprocity.
For the purpose of this study, this study set up the following research questions.
Research Question 1. This study examines what the educational features of general schools and special schools are, and how differently teachers' social capital is formed in the relationship between school members.
(1) This study examines what the educational features of general schools and special schools are, and to what extent teachers' social relation, and personal and institutional trust, and the communication between school members are executed.
(2) This study examines how teachers' classes and life guidance activities are executed in general schools and special schools respectively, and how students' participation and trust in them are.
Research Question 2. This study examines how inclusive education is executed within general schools, and how the social capital between members, which is necessary for inclusive education, is formed and utilized within them.
(1) This study examines how inclusive education is executed in general schools, and how the social capital elements of trust, network, and norm between peer groups are formed.
(2) This study examines what bond and cooperation relations communities, and parents, and teachers have in inclusive education, and how such relationships are utilized for inclusive education.
Around these research questions, the results of this study can be summarized as follows.
Considering all the factors related to the confidence in school members revealed through the teachers from both general and special schools. we reached this conclusion that there exist significant differences between the two types of schools; confidence value with general schools was higher than that with special schools. There were also differences between confidences in the systems of both types of school; confidence in general schools were higher than special schools.
In comparisons of composite network factors and sub-factors including communications, school participations and social relations, the composite factors of network and school participations showed significant differences with higher total value in the network of general schools. In addition, in the school participation factor of the network, general schools performed better than special counterparts.
In terms of comprehensive communication aspect, there were no significant differences, while, in the communication between teachers, general schools represented more brisk communication than the special school .
With regard to the school participation, significant differences were found between the two types of school. Participation in school affairs among the teachers, parents and students were better performed in general schools than in special schools .
There were no significant differences found in terms of the social relations between general schools and special schools, while general schools performed better in ties than special schools as well as in cooperation among families, schools, and communitiesthan the special counterpart .
At first, the school members related to the operation of inclusive classes recognized handicapped students as the students different from 'me', and shared only physical spaces with handicapped students, and unilaterally took care of handicapped students, and so increasingly such school members maintained the relation of marginal men who crossed 'me and us', and then such school members developed into the relation of joining each other at play and taking care of each other, and so the social capitals, including the understanding of and trust in handicapped students related to inclusive education, the perception and support of the necessity for inclusive education, and the formation of bonds, and reciprocity, were expanded. Enhancing the relationship between communities, parents, and students is executed by the provision of teachers' strategic activity opportunities, and the trust, smooth information sharing, and cooperation between teachers.