The main objectives of this study are to examine the four types of organizational culture on employees' organizational commitment because various types of organizational culture exist in the same organization, and to examine a influence of organizatio...
The main objectives of this study are to examine the four types of organizational culture on employees' organizational commitment because various types of organizational culture exist in the same organization, and to examine a influence of organizational commitment as mediator and to examine influences of the types of organization and the types of occupation. For the model formation, based on the independent variable of organizational culture, this research has designed the research purposes to find out the influence on the mediator of organizational commitment and the influences on the moderators of the types of organizations and the types of occupations in order to make the effective formation of organizational culture in real organizations.
To achieve the purposes in the research, the study reviews various approaches, analysis levels, and methods of research in studying organizational culture, and has found the relationship between organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior from the review of the literature
For empirical analysis, data have been gathered through questionnaires given to employees in five medium and large hospitals at Honam district and one medium hospital at Gyeonggi district. To analyze the data, SPSS 10.0 (statistical packages for social science) has been used and been put to validity analysis, reliability analysis, correlations, and regression analysis.
The summary of the research is as follows.
First, the hypothesis that the forms of organizational culture (developmental culture, consensual culture, rational culture, hierarchical culture) have the influence on organizational citizenship behavior shows partiality positive effects. Reviewing these results, developmental culture and consensual culture have positive influences on altruism, and consensual culture, rational culture, and hierarchical culture have positive influences on courtesy. In addition to, developmental culture and consensual culture have positive influences on sportsmanship, and consensual culture has a positive influence on civic virtue.
Second, the hypothesis that the forms of organizational culture have the influences on organizational commitment shows partiality positive effects. Reviewing these results, affective commitment and normative commitment have positive influences on developmental culture and consensual culture, and continuance commitment has positive influences on developmental culture, consensual culture, and rational culture.
Third, the hypothesis that organizational commitment has the influence on organizational citizenship behavior shows partiality positive effects. Reviewing these results, altruism has a positive influence on affective commitment, and courtesy has positive influences on affective commitment and normative commitment. Also, affective commitment has a positive influence on sportsmanship, and continuance commitment has a positive influence on civic virtue.
Fourth, the hypothesis that the forms of organizational culture have partiality positive influences on organizational commitment according to the types of organization and the types of occupation. Reviewing these results, developmental culture and consensual culture have positive effects on organizational commitment in national and public hospitals, and consensual culture has a positive effect on organizational commitment in private hospitals. Furthermore, according to the types of occupation, developmental culture and consensual culture affect organizational commitment in nursing team members, and developmental culture, rational culture, and hierarchical culture affect organizational commitment in medical treatment support team members.
Fifth, the hypothesis that the forms of organizational culture have partiality positive influences on organizational citizenship behavior by mediating effects of organizational commitment. Reviewing these results, organizational commitment has no a influence as a mediator on the relationship between rational culture and hierarchical culture in the forms of organizational culture and altruism, and developmental culture and consensual culture have influences as mediators on the relationship between the forms of organizational culture and altruism.
Besides, organizational commitment totally affects as a mediator in the relationship among three cultures (developmental culture, consensual culture, and rational culture) and courtesy, and organizational commitment has no a influence as a mediator on the relationship between hierarchical culture and courtesy. Also, organizational commitment totally affects as a mediator on the relationship between developmental culture and sportsmanship, and organizational commitment has partiality a influence as a mediator on the relationship between hierarchical culture and sportsmanship. However, organizational commitment has no a influence as a mediator on the relationship between rational culture and hierarchical culture and sportsmanship, and organizational commitment has no a influence as a mediator on the relationship between four cultures and civic virtue.
According to the research results described above, these results make to notice importance of developing on new forms of organizational culture. Even though hospital organizations have various cultures than other organizations, Hospital organizations continually need to make desirably a new culture formation. That is, hospital organizations have to change gradually their own cultures because developmental culture and consensual culture have effects on the degree of employees' organizational commitment more than hierarchical culture. Furthermore, these organizations need to efforts to create and develop new cultures to fit with their organizations because hospitals' organizational performances depend on the types of hospitals' cultures.
Moreover, in the period of formating new types of organizational culture, organizational leaders have to renew and revise their dysfunctional cultures in hospital organizations and have to innovate effectively their original cultures because these leaders contribute to their organizations to make strong organizational members' recognitions related to renewing organizational culture. In addition to, the research results implicate importances of developing organizational culture to improve employees' commitment to overcome without loss of employees' organizational commitment.
In conclusion, this study empirically examines the four types of organizational culture on employees' organizational commitment and the influence on the mediator of organizational commitment and the influences on the moderators of the types of organizations and the types of occupations. As a result, the resulting of mediating and moderating effects suggest a new guide for fitness between organizational culture and organizational citizenship behavior, and will be applied to the management of organizational culture and the development of management to improve employees' productivities and their organizational loyalties.