This article discusses §44 of Korean 「Military Criminal Law」, mutiny. In Korea, mutiny is considered ‘rebelling against or not following the justifiable orders of a military superior’. In Korea, the military has gained power through...

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https://www.riss.kr/link?id=T11436558
서울 : 건국대학교, 2008
2008
한국어
391.64 판사항(4)
343.01 판사항(21)
서울
iv, 258 p. ; 26 cm
참고문헌: p. 244-255
0
상세조회0
다운로드다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)
This article discusses §44 of Korean 「Military Criminal Law」, mutiny. In Korea, mutiny is considered ‘rebelling against or not following the justifiable orders of a military superior’. In Korea, the military has gained power through...
This article discusses §44 of Korean 「Military Criminal Law」, mutiny. In Korea, mutiny is considered ‘rebelling against or not following the justifiable orders of a military superior’. In Korea, the military has gained power through the Korean War and military dictatorship. Additionally, the North/South Korean armistice gave the military an absolute role as the keeper of South Korea. This status of authority has played a large role in limiting the basic legal rights of soldiers.
Thus, the §44 of 「Military Criminal Law」 did not allow the protection of soldiers against unjustifiable orders of their superiors nor of their basic legal rights. The function of the law was to protect the authority of orders of superiors and their right of command. This paper seeks to analyze the “mutiny” against the Criminal Law to deconstruct the national loyalty ideology of Korean 「Military Criminal Law」.
The modern meaning of the criminal law's role transitioning from protecting the right of punishment of the government to limiting its right to punishment is that as the nation was unable to overlook and silence all the problems that occurred as it exercised unlimited rights of punishment. Thus modern criminal laws must exercise its compelling power in the minimal necessary domain. Analysis of the military criminal law cannot escape this principle as well. If the order of rank and commands of superiors can be forced to be carried out through disciplinary punishment, the criminal law must boldly review its function and must not be applied. With this purpose, this paper is constructed in the following structure.
The second chapter attempts the basic understanding of the military criminal law before discussing the mutiny. The military law must not be interpreted through logics of military politics but through the general principle of criminal law. In this process, it will be confirmed that the purpose of military criminal law and military disciplinary punishment has separate purposes.
And, the conceptual framework of the elements of the mutiny will be reinterpreted. The elements of the mutiny are: the subject is the ‘soldier’, the object is the ‘superior's order’, the action is ‘mutiny (rebellion and disobedience)’, and a subjective element is ‘intent’. Chapter 2 also especially discusses ‘the benefit and protection of the law’(Rechtsgut). If the ‘superior’ or the ‘command of the superior’, and ‘execution of military purpose duties’ are ‘the benefit and protection of the law’ will be investigated. The previous benefit of the mutiny(§44 of Military Criminal Law) was widely understood as, ‘the establishment of rights to command and the maintenance and ascension of fighting power’. Here, the establishment of right to command was believed to begin with the absolute obedience towards the commands of superiors, thus it played the role of protecting commands of superiors. However, this paper focuses on the ‘execution of military purpose duties’ aspect of the law. Thus realization that the mutiny needs the ‘intent’ to use disobedience to resist military purpose duties is achieved.
The 3rd chapter investigates in depth the most critical element of the mutiny, justifiable command, If the meaning of ‘justifiable command’ is established, the range and limits of the ‘commands’ of superiors is also established. ‘Justifiable command’ signifies that the formality and content is legal and reasonable. Thus a command must be justifiable in itself, and must not be unlawful. Thus, ‘commands unjustifiable but with binding force’ that are discussed in Korean law cannot exist. Thus in such situations the question is discusses if it is an ‘unlawful’ command and ‘justifiable’ disobedience.
The 4th chapter establishes the penal limits of submission of the subject of the mutiny, the subordinate. The basis of the duty of obedience must not be found in the ‘command’ but within the ‘justification’ within the command. Thus, the duty of submission does not apply to the subordinate for unjustifiable commands. Also, types of solutions that exist within the structure of the mutiny law will be searched for the question of existence and errors against the justification of the content of the command of the superior.
Finally, the 5th chapter will confirm that the mutiny has not be interpreted through the principles of interpretation of the Criminal law but has been arbitrarily interpreted for the purposes of the military. Furthermore, for the protection of the human rights of soldiers interpretation of the §44 mutiny must be changed, and for legislative perspectives the §44 mutiny must be revised.
목차 (Table of Contents)